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1.
众所周知,不同频带的地震仪,用于监测不同震中距范围的地震。短周期仪64,DD-1等用于近震监测;中长周期SK、DK-1等用于远震与极远震的监测。不同频率特性的仪器对应记录不同震中距范围的地震,各自显示出各自的优越性,但对于6级以上的较大地震来说,短周...  相似文献   

2.
马宝柱 《内陆地震》1993,7(3):250-256
0 引言 众所周知,固有周期不同的地震仪监测不同周期的地震波。短周期地震仪主要用于监测地方震、近震以及远震P波初至,而中长周期和长周期地震仪监测震中距大于1000km的远震和极远震。目前,地震台站都配备有短周期地震仪,笔者在分析乌鲁木齐台短周期地震仪的记录时,发现对部分远震,不管是DD-1(T_0=1.0s)可见记录仪还是62型(T_0=2.0s)短周期光记录仪,其图纸上S波、pP波sP波、PP波、PcP波、ScP波、ScS波的起始一般都很清楚(图1)。特别对于中源地震(h>60km)和深源地震(h>300km),在短周期地震仪记录图上的震相形态清楚,比中长周期和长周期地震仪都具有优势,显示出独特的作用。在中长周期和长周期地震仪记录图上有些震级小于6.0的中深源地震的震相往往根本看不到,而在短周期地震仪的记录图上却清楚可见。 有些大地震,由于震级较大,加之传播路经上地壳结构等因素的影响,在中长周期仪上记录的纵波段比较发育,横波的起始因纵波的迭加而不太清楚。短周期仪对大周期成份有滤波作  相似文献   

3.
金寨地震台数字地震仪的监测能力分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用目前各类仿真记录的震级计算公式及近年金寨地震台台基的地动噪声有效值,结合各区域震相识别经验等设定了可检测地震的首至P波震相振幅、S波和面波的最大振幅与台基地动噪声有效值的比值,并分别计算和分析了金寨台宽频带数字地震仪仿短周期(DD-1仪)记录的近震监测能力、仿中长周期记录的远震监测能力及仿长周期(763仪)记录的远震和极远震监测能力。  相似文献   

4.
成都遥测台网速报和极远震的难点及对策   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
中国地震局要求各遥测台网速报7级以上的极远震。可是,成都遥测台网以短周期的速度量和位移量记录为主,只有两套千倍级电容延长周期的中长周期地震仪,没有各基准台为分析处理远震,极远震而配备的763地震仪。因此,速报极远震一直是成都遥测台网速报工作中的一个困...  相似文献   

5.
对太原台长周期与中长周期地震仪记录的79个地震、180张典型震例进行了对比。发现同一地区地震的体波与面波震相(包括长、短周期面波)不同仪器的记录形态有很大差异,长周期仪对各类长、短周期震相均不明显记录。而中长周期仪有时记录不清极远震的初至波Pdif,而对可以明显反映地球分层特征的地核穿透波PKHKP,长周期面波G,两种仪器均有不同记录。实践表明,对有不同频率特征的仪器所记录的地震波形进行综合分析,有利于提高测震分析的质量及提高测定震源时空参数的准确性。  相似文献   

6.
BBVS-120型甚宽频带数字地震计典型地震波形记录特征   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
对太原基准地震台BBVS-120型甚宽频带地震计记录的不同震中距及不同类型天然地震和非天然地震波形进行分析和对比,结果表明,该地震计能够清晰记录近震、远震、极远震及爆破、塌陷等震相,对各类地震具有较好的监测能力,基本实现全频带观测,可为获得丰富的震相资料并提升地震台监测能力及速报质量,提供技术保障。  相似文献   

7.
泉州地震台数字地震仪的监测能力分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了解泉州台数字地震仪对全球地震的监测能力,利用目前各类仿真记录的震级计算公式及近年泉州台台基的地动噪声有效值,结合各区域震相识别经验等设定了可检测地震的首至P波震相振幅、S波和面波的最大振幅与台基地动噪声有效值的比值,并分别计算和分析了泉州台甚宽频带数字地震仪仿短周期(DD-1仪)记录的近震监测能力、仿中长周期(DK-1仪)记录的远震监测能力及仿长周期(763仪)记录的远震和极远震监测能力。结果表明在100 km、1 000 km、130°和全球范围内,一般可分别可监测到ML1.5级、ML3.7级、MS6.1级和MS7 6.1级的地震。有关研究结果对寻求提高泉州台测震观测质量的技术途径等方面具有实际的意义。  相似文献   

8.
介绍了纵波在地球内部的传播过程和浅源极远震的震相特点。由不同震中距的地震反映在三分向地震记录图上的初至震相振幅比的差异,归纳出由地震初动判别地震类型的方法,结合实际工作经验,得出如何判别PKS震相、如何由PP推S、由SS反推PP震相,以及根据地震面波的到时,通过《Rm-P》表来验证震中距等几种识别极远震及其震相的方法。  相似文献   

9.
极远震     
震中距大于105°的地震称之为极远震。这时,地震波射线在地球内部所走的路径、记录图上出现的震相类别和记录特征,都回然不同于近震和远震;相应地在处理资料的方法上也应有所不同。从震图分析和解释学的角度来看,极远震较难;对单台而言,尤其如此。对单台报告逐月进行的统计表明,漏分错分这类差错发生率最高的就是极远震部分。究其原因,一方面,  相似文献   

10.
不同震相具有不同的振动特性和传播规律,对应各自不同的幅值-震中距-深度衰减规律,本文基于禁核试核查国际数据中心公报,统计P,PcP,PKP,PKPbc及PKPab远震和极远震震相样本随震中距的分布,运用基于残差统计的迭代方法回归上述震相的幅值-震级-震中距-深度模型,通过震级残差标准差与均值的统计进行模型评估,结果显示:P,PcP,PKP,PKPbc及PKPab震相的震级残差标准差范围为0.30—0.36,满足一般震相相容性判断的需求;除PKPbc的残差均值大于0.03外,其余震相残差均值均为0.01左右,模型的系统偏差极小,甚至可以忽略不计。最后针对模型进行了幅值预测比对、震级相容性检测、极远震体波震级计算等三个不同场景的应用研究,验证模型可用于日常地震监测。   相似文献   

11.
以西安地震台记录的2001-2018年13次6级以上极远震为研究对象,依据AK135走时表进行震相分析,总结归纳典型极远震震相记录特征,以期提高震相分析水平和测震分析工作质量,为其他地震台站极远震分析工作提供借鉴。  相似文献   

12.
A representative attenuation relationship is one of the key components required in seismic hazard assessment of a region of interest. Attenuation relationships for peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity and response spectral accelerations for Sumatran megathrust earthquakes, covering Mw up to 9.0, are derived based on synthetic seismograms obtained from a finite‐fault kinematic model. The relationships derived are for very hard rock site condition and for a long‐distance range between 200 and 1500 km. They are then validated with recorded data from giant earthquakes on the Sumatran megathrust occurring since year 2000. A close examination of the recorded data also shows that spectral shapes predicted by most of the existing attenuation relationships and that specified in the IBC code are not particularly suitable for sites where potential seismic hazard is dominated by large‐magnitude, distant, earthquakes. Ground motions at a remote site are typically signified by the dominance of long‐period components with periods longer than 1 s, whereas the predominant periods from most of the existing attenuation relationships and the IBC code are shorter than 0.6 s. The shifting of response spectrum towards longer period range for distant earthquakes should be carefully taken into account in the formulation of future seismic codes for Southeast Asia, where many metropolises are located far from active seismic sources. The attenuation relationship derived in the present study can properly reproduce the spectral shape from distant subduction earthquakes, and could hopefully give insights into the formulation of future seismic codes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
川南、滇北地震台网区域壳幔介质分层结构的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
本文利用川南、滇北21个地震台短周期地震仪的深源远地震波形作为观测资料,通过调整地壳和上地幔介质模型并计算相应的综合地震图的方式,直至获得与观测波形可相比拟的综合地震图。据此,推断该地震台网区域的地壳中下部由一组高速和低速相间的薄层所组成,且大部分台站下的地壳厚度达到或超过54km。此外,文中还研究了该区域壳幔介质的吸收特点。  相似文献   

14.
Determining the focal mechanism of earthquakes helps us to better define faults and understand the stress regime. This technique can be helpful in the oil and gas industry where it can be applied to microseismic events. The objective of this paper is to find double couple focal mechanisms, excluding scalar seismic moments, and the depths of small earthquakes using data from relatively few local stations. This objective is met by generating three‐component synthetic seismograms to match the observed normalized velocity seismograms. We first calculate Green's functions given an initial estimate of the earthquake's hypocentre, the locations of the seismic recording stations and a 1D velocity model of the region for a series of depths. Then, we calculate the moment tensor for different combinations of strikes, dips and rakes for each depth. These moment tensors are combined with the Green's functions and then convolved with a source time function to produce synthetic seismograms. We use a grid search to find the synthetic seismogram with the largest objective function that best fits all three components of the observed velocity seismogram. These parameters define the focal mechanism solution of an earthquake. We tested the method using three earthquakes in Southern California with moment magnitudes of 5.0, 5.1 and 4.4 using the frequency range 0.1–2.0 Hz. The source mechanisms of the events were determined independently using data from a multitude of stations. Our results obtained, from as few as three stations, generally match those obtained by the Southern California Earthquake Data Center. The main advantage of this method is that we use relatively high‐frequency full‐waveforms, including those from short‐period instruments, which makes it possible to find the focal mechanism and depth of earthquakes using as few as three stations when the velocity structure is known.  相似文献   

15.
对智利地震在温州地震台的记录特征进行分析,对分析方法做阐述.其结论是:可清晰记录智利地震衍射波PDIF震相;PDIF震相波形“孤立”,起始平缓,周期较大;利用PDIF、PKP、SKKS、SS等明显震相的到时进行大震速报,可提高大震速报的速度和质量.  相似文献   

16.
井水位长周期事件记录及其机理的讨论   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12  
张淑亮  范雪芳 《地震》2003,23(4):85-90
选择了几口具有代表性的观测井, 并对这些井孔在强震前记录到长周期波现象的特征进行了分析。从理论上对地震前的长周期事件给出了较为合理的解释, 认为地震前一些敏感井水位长周期事件可能反映了断层蠕动、静地震与慢地震、断裂的预扩展和地震成核等。井— 含水层系统像一个长周期地震仪, 它为记录到有价值的前兆低频波提供了最佳的频率响应范围。  相似文献   

17.
Love waves from five earthquakes in southwest Germany, Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece and Algeria, as recorded at the broadband Gräfenberg array in eastern Bavaria, are modelled in detail using an extended reflectivity method. The focal mechanisms are taken from the literature or determined from long-period WWNSS data. The theoretical double-couple moment function used for modelling increases smoothly during the risetime T from zero to the seismic moment M0. T and M0 are determined by matching the observed and theoretical Love-wave seismograms in the long-period WWNSS frequency band. T is approximately equal to the rupture duration; values from 1.4 to 20 s are found. Seismic moments generally agree within a factor of about two with those found by other authors from larger data sets. The earthquakes in southwest Germany and Greece were simple events and can be modelled very well by one double couple. In the case of the other earthquakes, the theoretical Love-wave seismograms are too short. For these earthquakes there is some independent evidence for a multiple-event nature. This evidence is condensed into source models consisting of two or three double couples representing separate and complete sub-earthquakes, which then explain the observations quite well. In the case of the Algerian earthquake, the long Love-wave duration may also be due to complications in structure along the wavepath across the Mediterranean and the Alps. The present results show that accurate Love-wave modelling for a single station at regional distance from an epicentre is a reliable method for estimation of seismic moment and rupture duration. Use of a digitally recording station with large dynamic range allows events over a large magnitude interval to be studied. The Gräfenberg array is well suited for such an investigation of European and North African earthquakes.  相似文献   

18.
由深源远震体波记录反演华北北部地壳上地幔速度结构   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5  
重点研究的地区为河北省北部包括京津地区,以及山西、内蒙的部分地区,在此区选取了29个台站;在向东延伸的背景区,选取了6个台站。利用这些台站的深源远震体波记录资料,通过选取介质结构模型,计算理论地震图,与观测图进行拟合,以确定地震台下介质结构的可接受模型。在拟合时,对每个地震台站都选择若干次深源远震的体波记录作为观测图。对每个地震台站一般都算出60个不同模型的理论图。实际上做出的结果比地壳深,为大约80km(即大致相当于岩石层或称岩石圈)厚度内的地壳上地幔介质结构,它们大都由10层左右的介质组成。通过波形拟合共给出了上述35个台站下的壳幔介质分层结构。并由此给出了Moho面的轮廓。  相似文献   

19.
受供电和数据传输方式的影响,十堰地震台测震系统数据断记时间较长,数据质量较差。为此,采用3路交流供电自动切换辅助2路直流供电方式,为仪器运行提供稳定的电力供给,并采用一主一备有线光纤传输解决微波单线传输的弊端。为验证解决措施的有效性,选取该台2009—2020年测震记录,统计SEED格式波形记录数据断记时长,结果发现,在2013年进行整改以来,数据断记现象减少,断记时长明显缩短。选取该台2015—2021年测震系统仪器更换以来的数据记录,分析地方震、近震、远震和极远震震相特征,发现该台记录地震波形清晰、可靠。可见,该台数据断记整改措施得到有效检验,测震系统运行质量得到提升,可为国内同类测震台站提供参考。  相似文献   

20.
通过对温州地震台具有代表性的 5个典型速报地震记录图的分析 ,展示台湾地震和近似震中距的南黄海、江苏地震的共同点与不同点。两者共同点 :震中距相近 ,波形相似 ,地震波组列丰富。不同点有 :S波周期异常 ,Rg- P到时差不同 ,震相振幅比不同  相似文献   

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