共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 142 毫秒
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选取最小曲率、克里格、改进Shepard、反距离加权和径向基函数等5种网格化数学模型,对小江断裂地磁总强度加密区岩石圈磁场数据进行数据网格化,采用均方根预测误差和插值数据残差均方根等评价指标对网格化结果进行评价,结果表明,克里格插值与反距离加权插值法的精度最高。进一步比较克里格插值与反距离加权插值法的网格化图形质量,结果显示克里格插值网格化过程中兼顾了数据的平滑性和各实测点与待估点之间的空间位置关系,避免了系统误差,得出克里格插值更适用于岩石圈磁场数据网格化的结论。 相似文献
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叠前逆时偏移等基于波场互相关原理的地球物理方法存在极大的计算与存储需求，因此采用合适的波场重构方法显得尤为重要.常规的随机边界法容易产生成像噪声，而有效边界法在三维情况仍难以实现，检查点技术具有内存要求小的特点，但存在较高的重算率，因此本文提出了插值原理的检查点技术波场重构方法.在满足Nyquist采样定理的前提下对相邻检查点间的波场进行规则抽样，将抽样波场作为插值节点，运用多项式插值算法重构任意时刻的波场，从而避免优化检查点技术反复递推造成的计算效率问题.数值实验表明：插值检查点重构算法能有效的恢复波场，其中三次样条插值重构精度最高，而牛顿法插值法计算代价较小适合于快速重构.经Sigsbee模型的叠前逆时偏移证明了插值算法的可行性，并且极大的提高了波场重构的计算效率.三维模型分析得出在增加少量存储的情况下插值重构法的重算率大幅度降低，存储量减少为有效边界法的7.1%，对于三维尺度的叠前逆时偏移有实际意义. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2020,(3)
长时间序列的GRACE时变重力场对研究全球地表质量变化具有重要的意义.部分月份的GRACE卫星观测数据质量不佳导致了相应月份的时变重力场模型缺失,为了保持时变重力场模型的连续性,可采用一定的插值方法填补.本文以ITSG-Grace2016时变重力场模型序列为研究对象,详细分析了三次样条插值、三次埃尔米特插值和三次多项式插值等3种方法用于填补GRACE时变模型序列的精度,实验结果表明:(1)利用3种插值方法获取空缺1个月或连续空缺2个月的时变重力场模型时,插值时变模型与实测时变模型比较,阶误差均较小,且三次埃尔米特插值的精度稍好;(2)利用插值时变模型分析区域质量变化时,在空缺1个月数据的情况下,插值时变模型与实测时变模型符合度较高,但在连续空缺2个月数据的情况下,插值时变模型与实测时变模型的计算结果差异较大,说明利用阶误差评定模型精度具有一定局限性;(3)对区域质量变化的趋势项进行分析时,区域质量变化的复杂程度决定了模型内插的精度,当时间序列的长度在3年或3年以上时,插值时变模型的精度对区域质量变化分析的影响较小.在分析区域质量变化时,三次样条插值方法的插值结果与实测结果更为接近,建议采用该方法填补GRACE月时变重力场模型的缺失值. 相似文献
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针对大规模散乱数据,本文提出一种基于B样条函数的曲面拟合和数据压缩方法.在此方法中,构建最小平面矩形区域覆盖所有的散乱数据点,根据二维情况下的B样条函数的线性插值公式,利用最小二乘法拟合规则网格控制点的数值,存储有限规则网格控制点的数值,并通过插值可以得到任意点的数值,从而达到曲面拟合和数据压缩的目的.通过算例验证了此方法的可行性以及使用三次B样条函数曲面拟合的优越性.由于此方法具有局部误差小、计算高效的特征,可以适用于数据梯度较小的二维系统数据的曲面拟合和数据压缩,如地形高程数据和射线追踪走时表. 相似文献
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将起伏曲面B上的位场向下延拓至曲面最低点的平面A的插值-迭代法步骤是：1）将曲面B上的场值放置在水平面A上具有相同水平坐标的点上，作为A上的初值；2）用若干水平面切割B，从A的初值，用快速傅里叶变换法(FFT)向上延拓出这些平面的场值，用插值的方法从这些平面的场值计算曲面B的场值；3）根据B上的实测值与计算值的差值，对A上的值进行加权改正；4）重复步骤2）和3），直到B上的差值小到可以忽略.这种插值-迭代法具有高的计算速度，比通常的FFT法延拓得更深，可以超过10倍点距.文中给出计算实例. 相似文献
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提出了一种适合于中国地区电离层foF2的重构方法——以中国参考电离层为背景的改进克里格法.该方法把foF2的估计值与中国参考电离层模型值之差值的相对值作为区域化变量,引入电离层距离,采用克里格法实现区域电离层重构.与直接利用foF2进行克里格重构相比,以中国参考电离层为背景场保持了电离层的区域特征,提高了重构的准确性和稳定性.利用我国电离层垂测台站网的数据对该方法应用于中国地区的重构精度进行了评估.该方法与单站预报的自相关分析法相结合可实现中国地区电离层foF2短期预报. 相似文献
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用二维迭代方法快速地解析计算多导体圆柱目标的散射场,其中各圆柱目标自身的一次散射以各自中心为原点的柱面波函数叠加,匹配各圆柱表面的边界条件获得展开系数;各圆柱间的散射相互作用由坐标变换实现,具体体现在圆柱中心偏移产生的初始相位上.为考虑各个柱目标间的二次散射,将每个柱目标自身的一次散射看成另一柱目标的激励场,利用柱面波函数的加法定理和边界条件匹配来计算各柱目标间的二次散射贡献.类似的处理可获得三次或更高次的散射计算.与矩量法(MoM)的数值结果比较,验证了该方法的有效性,明显提高了后向散射的计算速度.对于随机生成的多个圆柱目标模型,解析计算一定频带f和360°方位角θ范围内均匀离散样点的后向散射场.为抑制数据截断产生的振铃效应,对频率向的散射数据用Hamming窗实现平滑过渡.为充分利用快速Fourier变换(FFT)的高效计算,对f－θ平面上的离散散射数据用二维的三次样条插值处理,得到X－Y平面的均匀离散数据.最后,用FFT方法快速实现逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)成像模拟,很好地重构了各圆柱体目标的位置和大小尺寸. 相似文献
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A comparison of three-dimensional interpolation techniques for plume characterization 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Interpolation of contaminant data can present a significant challenge due to sample clustering and sharp gradients in concentration. The research presented in this paper represents a study of commonly used interpolation schemes applied to three-dimensional plume characterization. Kriging, natural neighbor, and inverse distance weighted interpolation were tested on four actual data sets. The accuracy of each scheme was gauged using the cross-validation approach. Each scheme was compared to the other schemes and the effect of various interpolation parameters was studied. The kriging approach resulted in the lowest error at three of the four sites. The simpler and quicker inverse distance weighted approach resulted in a lower interpolation error on the other site and performed well overall. The natural neighbor method had the highest average error at all four sites in spite of the fact that it has been shown to perform well with clustered data. Another unexpected result was that the computationally expensive high order nodal functions resulted in reduced accuracy for the inverse distance weighted and natural neighbor approaches. 相似文献
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Two different methods for the construction of an approximation to bicubic splines for interpolating irregularly spaced two-dimensional data are described. These are referred to as the least squares line (LSL) and linear segment (LINSEG) construction procedures. A quantitative test is devised for investigating the absolute accuracy and efficiency of the two spline interpolation procedures. The test involves (i) laying of artificial flight lines on the analytically known field of a model, (ii) interpolation of field values along the flight lines and their subtraction from the original field values to compute the residuals. This test is applied on fields due to four models (three prism models and one dyke model) placed at different depths below the flight lines, and for each case the error estimates (the mean error, the maximum error and the standard deviation) are tabulated. An analysis of the error estimates shows in all cases the LSL interpolation to be more accurate than the LINSEG, although the latter is about 50% faster in computer time. The relative accuracy and efficiency of the LSL interpolation is also tested against a recent method based on harmonization procedure, which shows the latter to be more precise, though much slower in speed. 相似文献
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We used data from 1960.0, 1970.0, 1980.0, 1990.0, and 2000.0 to study the geomagnetic anomaly field over the Chinese mainland by using the three-dimensional Taylor polynomial (3DTP) and the surface spline (SS) models. To obtain the pure anomaly field, the main field and the induced field of the ionospheric and magnetospheric fields were removed from measured data. We also compared the SS model anomalies and the data obtained with Kriging interpolation (KI). The geomagnetic anomaly distribution over the mainland was analyzed based on the SS and 3DTP models by transferring all points from 1960.0–1990.0 to 2000.0. The results suggest that the total intensity F anomalies estimated based on the SS and KI for each year are basically consistent in distribution and intensity. The anomalous distributions in the X-, Y-, and Z-direction and F are mainly negative. The 3DTP model anomalies suggest that the intensity in the X-direction increases from ?100 nT to 0 nT with longitude, whereas the intensity in the Y-direction decreases from 400 nT to 20 nT with longitude and over the eastern mainland is almost negative. The intensity in the Z-direction and F are very similar and in most areas it is about ?50nT and higher in western Tibet. The SS model anomalies overall reflect the actual distribution of the magnetic field anomalies; however, because of the uneven distribution of measurements, it yields several big anomalies. Owing to the added altitude term, the 3DTP model offers higher precision and is consistent with KI. 相似文献
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沉水植物作为水生态系统的重要组成成分,在水生态系统物质循环和能量流动中发挥着重要作用,其覆盖度和生物量是评价湖泊等浅水水体系统稳定性的关键参数随着高效和无损伤监测的回声探测仪在沉水植物盖度监测中的应用,其精确度算法也受到了越来越多的关注本研究以成功恢复沉水植物的浅水湖泊杭州西湖为研究对象,利用BioSonics便携型回声探测仪——MX采集沉水植物回声样本同时结合人工样方设置,采集与回声探测对应位点的沉水植物样本,验证回声探测结果的精确性通过建立回归模型分析回声探测得到的沉水植物体积百分比(PVI)与人工样方获得的对应平均鲜重关系,结果表明二者具有较好的相关性分别采用普通克里金法、反距离权重法、径向基函数法3种插值方法对同一季节的不同湖泊和同一湖泊的不同季节未采集区域沉水植物的盖度数据进行插值分析,并对插值结果进行交叉验证,以确定方法的精确度交叉验证结果表明,插值精确度反距离权重法径向基函数法普通克里金法研究结果为回声探测与插值分析方法结合在大尺度浅水水体中沉水植物监测应用提供了技术支撑. 相似文献
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本文以区域地磁场为应用背景,研究了时间域信息对地磁场插值效果的影响.用时空Kriging算法进行插值时,在时空Kriging变差函数的拟合过程中,将角度信息引入向量距离,定义了新的向量距离形式,提出了改进的时空Kriging算法,并对权重的选取进行讨论.对经度87.2°E—126.6°E,纬度19.0°N—49.6°N范围内的32个台站时均值地磁场数据进行插值实验.在添加了时间信息之后,插值结果在兼顾经度方向和纬度方向变化的同时,边值问题也得以缓解,明显优于传统方法.交叉验证结果表明,随着时间域信息和向量角度的加入,Kriging算法的性能得到改进,地磁场的插值精度依次提高.对比实验中,改进Kriging算法的精度最高、性能最稳定,MAE集中在1nT左右,MSE集中在[0,5]的范围内. 相似文献
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在海洋可控源电磁法勘探中,接收站常置于海底.在进行海洋电磁场模拟时,由于海水和海底介质存在显著电性差异,这给海底接收点处场值的求取带来困难.本文提出一种新的接收点插值算法,该算法考虑到海底电场法向分量不连续性问题,用法向电流分量进行插值以准确求取海底任意接收点处电磁场值.本文利用交错网格有限差分法实现了二维介质中频率域海洋可控源法(CSEM)正演.对构造走向做傅里叶变换,将三维电磁模拟问题转换为波数域2.5维问题,即三维场源激励下针对二维地电模型的电磁模拟问题.使用交错网格有限差分法,基于一次场/二次场分离方法导出波数域二次电场离散形式,并进一步求得波数域电磁场.采用本文提出的改进的插值算法可求得海底任意接收点处波数域电磁场,采用傅里叶逆变换对波数域电磁场进行积分可得到接收点处空间域电磁场.模型算例表明,与常规的线性插值和严格插值算法相比,本文提出的改进的插值算法具有更高的精度. 相似文献
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Meng Zhiyong Zhang Fuqing Luo Dehai Tan Zhemin Fang Juan Sun Jianhua Shen Xueshun Zhang Yunji Wang Shuguang Han Wei Zhao Kun Zhu Lei Hu Yongyun Xue Huiwen Ma Yaping Zhang Lijuan Nie Ji Zhou Ruilin Li Sa Liu Hongjun Zhu Yuning 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2019,62(12):1946-1991
Synoptic meteorology is a branch of meteorology that uses synoptic weather observations and charts for the diagnosis,study,and forecasting of weather.Weather refers to the specific state of the atmosphere near the Earth's surface during a short period of time.The spatial distribution of meteorological elements in the atmosphere can be represented by a variety of transient weather phenomena,which are caused by weather systems of different spatial and temporal scales.Weather is closely related to people's life,and its development and evolution have always been the focus of atmospheric scientific research and operation.The development of synoptic meteorology is closely related to the development of observation systems,dynamical theories and numerical models.In China,observation networks have been built since the early 1950 s.Up to now,a comprehensive meteorological observation systembased on ground,air and space has been established.In particular,the development of a new generation of dense radar networks,the development of the Fengyun satellite series and the implementation of a series of large field experiments have brought our understanding of weather from large-scale environment to thermal dynamics,cloud microphysical structure and evolution characteristics of meso and micro-scale weather systems.The development of observation has also promoted the development of theory,numerical model and simulation.In the early days,China mainly used foreign numerical models.Lately,China has developed numerical model systems with independent intellectual property rights.Based on the results of high-resolution numerical simulations,in-depth understanding of the initiation and evolution mechanism and predictability of weather at different scales has been obtained.Synoptic meteorology has gradually changed from an initially independent development to a multidisciplinary approach,and the interaction between weather and the change of climate and environment has become a hot and frontier topic in atmospheric science.This paper reviews the important scientific and technological achievements made in China over the past 70 years in the fields of synoptic meteorology based on the literatures in China and abroad,from six aspects respectively including atmospheric dynamics,synoptic-scale weather,typhoon and tropical weather,severe convective weather,numerical weather prediction and data assimilation,weather and climate,atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment. 相似文献
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在合成孔径雷达干涉测量中，干涉相干是局部干涉条纹质量的重要评价标准，但是由于各种失相干源的影响，会出现失相干现象，而这可能会丢失重要的形变数据。本文首先利用ENVISAT ASAR的两景影像获得了2009年意大利拉奎拉MW6.3地震的带有失相干现象的同震形变场，对数据预处理后再使用移动窗口克里金法对拉奎拉地震的同震形变场进行插值处理，恢复了形变图的失相干区域，之后进一步通过正反演获得同震形变场，并与上一步的插值结果进行对比分析。结果显示，插值结果与反演结果在极震区吻合得很好，验证了移动窗口克里金插值法恢复失相干的可靠性，说明插值法可以成为实现地震同震形变场失相干恢复的一种途径。 相似文献
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《Advances in water resources》2007,30(4):1027-1045
Streamline methods have shown to be effective for reservoir simulation. For a regular grid, it is common to use the semi-analytical Pollock’s method to obtain streamlines and time-of-flight coordinates (TOF). The usual way of handling irregular grids is by trilinear transformation of each grid cell to a unit cube together with a linear flux interpolation scaled by the Jacobian. The flux interpolation allows for fast integration of streamlines, but is inaccurate even for uniform flow. To improve the tracing accuracy, we introduce a new interpolation method, which we call corner-velocity interpolation. Instead of interpolating the velocity field based on discrete fluxes at cell edges, the new method interpolates directly from reconstructed point velocities given at the corner points in the grid. This allows for reproduction of uniform flow, and eliminates the influence of cell geometries on the velocity field. Using several numerical examples, we demonstrate that the new method is more accurate than the standard tracing methods. 相似文献