共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
在总结华北北部地区唐山、大同地震前地电阻率和形变前兆的象限性特征的基础上，分析并发现张北地震前的形变和地电阻率前兆也具有一定的象限性特征．说明前兆象限性的存在并非偶然，是与孕震体的存在有关．通过岩石实验与理论分析认为，在孕震过程中，前兆异常确实存在象限性特征．象限性的空间分布范围并不是固定不变，而是具有逐渐变大——最大——变小的过程．并且象限性的上升区与下降区（或压缩区与膨胀区）在近源区与远源区不同．如果基于对前兆象限性的认识，指导分析前兆异常不同形态异常的空间分布，对地震的可能发震地区预测将具有参考意义． 相似文献
2.
在弹性包体理论的基础上，建立了流变介质包体模型理论的应变场的理论解，导出流变介质中的包体在任意一点产生的正应变、剪应变及体应变的粘弹性解析解，即正应变、剪应变和体应变的表达式. 通过计算三维粘弹性介质中球形硬包体与软包体在地面引起的体应变场的时空演化过程，得到了一些非常有意义的结果，即球形硬包体在地面产生的体应变随时间的变化曲线出现了特征不同的3个阶段(, , )，它与大量地形变资料出现的, , 阶段相似，而球形软包体却没有这个特征. 这些结果对地震前兆的形态特征、前兆的象限性、前兆时空演化的阶段性、短临前兆突发性以及前兆异常时间的地区性等的解释具有启示意义. 这为地震前兆物理模式的建立提供了理论基础，并将为实现地震的物理预测发挥作用. 相似文献
3.
震前应变固体潮畸变的物理模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据岩石力学及固体潮理论，建立了孕震期弹性物体应变固体潮的物理模式，给出了其数学公式。通过分析潮汐应力与寻震应力的合力随潮汐力相位的变化，从物理本质上讨论了不同应力阶段应变固体潮曲线的形态特征；讨论了震前不同异常时期，应变固体潮畸变的不同特．点；并对震例进行了分析，同时，对应变固体潮畸变与地震三要素预报作了初步探讨。 相似文献
4.
震前多种前兆异常形态特征及预测意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对1970年以来华北地区31次MS≥5.0地震前多种前兆异常形态特征进行了系统研究, 结果认为: ① 在强震前短临阶段, 普遍存在垂直形变和水位异常形态的四象限性分布, 且这种象限分布特征与主震震源机制解具有一定的相关性。 即在压缩区, 垂直形变上升, 水位亦上升。 在膨胀区, 垂直形变和水位都下降; ② 地倾斜异常在近源区与远源区具有明显的差异, 其中多数强震前表现为距离震中近的台站向与震中相反的方向倾斜, 而远离震中的台站, 其倾斜方向指向震中; ③ 地电阻率异常形态以下降为主; 多数水化异常(气体)表现为短期上升而临震转平或下降; 电磁波通常为短临异常。 基于上述前兆异常形态特征, 特别是垂直形变和水位异常形态的四象限分布特点, 提出了根据前兆场异常特征判断发震地点和孕震状态的思路。 相似文献
5.
从华北３７次Ｍ≥６．０地震前的地震活动图象异常，以及１９５４～１９９２年首都圈地壳形变图象研究中，提炼出强震前的异常特征；对强震前的地震活动图象异常与地壳形变异常进行对比分析．结果发现：①强震前出现地震活动的增强与地壳形变速率的增大；②震前数年环绕强震震中出现孕震空区与形变空区；③在图象动力学参数方面都表现出信息维的减小，表明地壳形变局部化随着时间而增加，是反映强震孕育阶段的重要现象和参量．最后，应用非均匀介质中非均匀坚固体孕震模式，对强震前地震活动图象与地壳形变图象异常物理机制给予了统一解释． 相似文献
6.
体应变大地震同震形变响应 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《地震地磁观测与研究》2016,(1)
统计分析安徽大蜀山地震台体应变记录曲线的同震形变波,总结2011—2014年国内外同震形变波形特征,绘制体应变映震能力图。结果显示,体应变能清晰记录远大地震形变波。对于全球7级以上地震,体应变记录到明显地震形变波占地震总数的83%;对于中国6级以上地震,体应变记录到明显地震形变波占总数的86%;记录最小地震为4.8级,震中距133 km,最远地震为7.6级,震中距为18 552 km。 相似文献
7.
地震前兆场物理模式与前兆时空分布机制研究（三）
——强震孕育时地震活动与地壳形变场异常及机制x,auto,auto,415px);}style> hf=httprztl.com >business week launch 总被引：11，自引：3，他引：11 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 从华北37次M6.0地震前的地震活动图象异常，以及1954～1992 年首都圈地壳形变图象研究中，提炼出强震前的异常特征；对强震前的地震活动图象异常与地壳形变异常进行对比分析．结果发现:① 强震前出现地震活动的增强与地壳形变速率的增大；② 震前数年环绕强震震中出现孕震空区与形变空区；③ 在图象动力学参数方面都表现出信息维的减小，表明地壳形变局部化随着时间而增加，是反映强震孕育阶段的重要现象和参量．最后，应用非均匀介质中非均匀坚固体孕震模式，对强震前地震活动图象与地壳形变图象异常物理机制给予了统一解释. 相似文献
8.
建立了含有母体岩石、硬包体和随机分布的小裂纹的三维有限元模型，计算了包体和各层实体中的应力分布. 利用最高应力破裂准则、释放破裂单元刚度生与死的方法，模拟强震前岩石的破裂和小震的空间分布特征. 结果表明，文中三种模型都显示出强震前在孕震体即包体附近出现了高应力集中单元. 它们是形成小震空区、条带和地震空间丛集图像的基础. 随机裂纹的存在，有利于在孕震体（包体）外的裂纹端部应力集中，先发生小震，形成包围孕震包体的前兆地震活动图像，而包体中的应力逐渐增加，为发生强震提供了条件. 包体的形状和几何位置是影响强震前兆地震活动图像形态的重要因素. 引入材料的黏弹性，导致了其中应力随时间迅速减小和弹性层某些部位应力随时间的增加. 但在本文设定的构造模型框架和介质参数下，下层黏弹性的存在对上层母体的应力随时间的增加影响不大. 相似文献
9.
利用新型断层形变三维观测系统的垂直向观测结果， 研究了两年以来7.0级以上强远震在非发震断层上的同震响应特征. 结果表明，非发震断层体垂直向同震形变的延迟时间、 同震位移最大振幅、 振动持续时间等特征与地震震级、震中距等之间存在密切联系. 断层体垂直向同震形变延迟时间与震中距线性正相关，发生地震同震形变的响应速度约为5.5km/s，反映了在上层花岗岩地层中面波的传播速度；同震位移最大振幅和震中距的对数、 震级之间具有明显线性关系，震级越大，同震位移的最大振幅越大；地震震级是断层体垂直同震形变振动持续时间的主要影响因素，震级越大，同震形变振动持续时间越长. 根据断层仪观测数据推算得到的断层体垂直向同震形变延迟时间、同震位移最大振幅、振动持续时间的经验计算公式，对于地震同震形变研究具有一定意义. 相似文献
10.
哈尔滨市延寿地震台竖直摆倾斜仪资料分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了哈尔滨市延寿地震台竖直摆倾斜仪的工作状态,列举了该仪器记录到的多次同震应变阶。分析认为:这种阶跃变化反映了地震因释放应变能而改变了地壳的应变场;从阶变图象可以看出:中强远震的同震阶变幅度较小,中强近震同震阶变的相对幅度较大,同等震级震中距越小,阶变幅度也越大。证明了近震对观测点(台站)附近区域应力场改变大于远震。同时,展示了2005年7月25日黑龙江省林甸县M5.1级地震的短期异常及临震异常变化图象,发现短期异常和临震异常的形态非常类似,但同一方向(分量)仪器对两次异常的响应程度却截然不同,这可能与此次地震孕育过程不同阶段的地壳应力调整和应力场变化密切相关。 相似文献
11.
IntroductionMigration and inhomogeneity are important two of the characteristics in the temporal-spatial distribution of earthquake precursors, which have been dealt with by MEI, et al (1993) comprehensively with their proposed explanation. The obvious quadrant feature in spatial distribution of earthquake precursors has been drawn with the explanation for its mechanism developed in some case studies in recent years. This paper deals mainly with the quadrant features derived from the analysis… 相似文献
12.
Introduction Based on the elastic theory of the hard inclusion (Dobrovolskii, 1991), we developed an inclusion theory of rheologic medium, and applied the results of bulk-strain field of a rheologic inclusion model to explain the spatial-temporal evolution process of earthquake precursors (SONG, et al, 2000). In the former paper (SONG, et al, 2003), we derived the viscoelastic displacement field of the rheologic inclusion model on the basis of the analytic expression of displacement field o… 相似文献
13.
On the basis of the three-dimensional elastic inclusion model, the analytic expression of viscoelastic strain field is derived, i.e., the analytic expression of viscoelastic strain at an arbitrary point (x, y, z) in x-axis, y-axis and z-axis produced by three-dimension inclusion in the semi-infinite rheologic medium defined by the standard linear rheologic model, namely the normal strains εxx(r, t), εyy(r, t) and εzz(r, t), the shear strains εxy(r, t) and εyx(r, t), εyz(r, t)and εzy(r, t), εxz(r, t) and εzx(r, t), and the bulk-strain θ (r, t). By computing the spatial-temporal variation of bulk strain on the ground produced by a spherical rheologic inclusion in a semi-infinite rheologic medium, we obtained some significant results that the bulk-strain variation with time produced by a hard inclusion has three stages (α, β,γ) with different characteristics, which are similar to those of most geodetic deformation curves, but not the case for those by a soft inclusion. It is meaningful that these theoretical results have been applied to explain preliminarily the characteristics of stage variation of spatial-temporal evolution, the pattern and quadrant distribution of earthquake precursors, the changeability, spontaneity and complexity of short-term and imminent-term precursors. It offers a theoretical base to found the physical model of earthquake precursors and a reference to predict physically the earthquakes. 相似文献
14.
分析总结了2013年7月22日甘肃岷县—漳县MS6.6地震前后甘肃前兆台网观测资料变化情况,发现该地震前有7个台站、4种观测手段、14个测项出现了明显的异常,既有长期、中长期异常,也有短期和短临异常,说明对资料的分析既要看短期变化,还要看中期和长期变化。出现异常测点的震中距多数在200 km范围之内。另外部分水位、流量和水温测点的资料记录到不同程度的同震效应;形变观测多数测点记录到比较明显的同震响应,记录同震响应的测点与震中位置、方向、距离无明显关系。 相似文献
15.
ntroductionThe rock medium shows mainly elastic character under low-temperature, low-pressure and external force of short duration, but it shows rheologic property under high-temperature, high-pressure and long-time external force. It is right that rapid earthquake faulting process of only about ten seconds is analyzed by the elastic theory. But for the earthquake generating process continuing over hundreds or thousand years, the rheologic property of rock must be considered (ZHANG, 1987; YI… 相似文献
16.
基于坚固体孕震模式，参考板内地震孕育特征和华北地区的地质构造特征，建立了4层地壳结构模型，对近地表形变场和应力场的时空分布特征进行了动态模拟研究，结果表明，在地震孕育的中长期阶段，坚固体近地表部位的形变相对稳定，出现研究，结果表明，在地震孕育的中长期阶段，坚固体近地表部位的形变相对稳定，出现形变空区，在孕震的中短期阶段，坚固体近地表部位的形变出现快速增长的态势，平均应力明显增强，这是各种前兆异常出现有规律的迁移变化，即从外国地区逐渐向强震震源区迁移、集中的内在机理。 相似文献
17.
Introduction The study mainly focused on tidal information, i.e. earth tide in the continuous deformationdata processing and analysis before. And the analysis methods used were specially for earth tideonly. As to the medium-long period and non-tidal information, fitting and filtering are not the bestmethods. Because they are not able to reflect the variation process of frequency information withtime and to distinguish and extract more earthquake information, although they can eliminateyea… 相似文献
18.
WEI Shou-chun ZHU Yi-qing ZHAO Yun-feng ZHANG Song LIU Fang LI Rui GAO Duo-wen 《地震地质》1979,42(4):923-935
The Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake of December 8, 2016 is a pure thrust event in the northern Tianshan thrust fold belt. The earthquake occurred between the Qigu Fault and the Junggar southern margin fault, which are both thrust faults. Based on mobile gravity measurements from 2013 to 2018 in the northern Tianshan, the gravity net adjustment was accomplished using Urumqi absolute gravity observation point as the datum, and the absolute gravity value of surface observation points were obtained. In order to eliminate the seasonal effect on gravity variation, the paper uses the observation data in May per annual as studying objects and obtains the temporal-spatial dynamic evolution images of gravity field differences in the northern Tianshan at different time scales as well as the time series of gravity variation of some points in the adjacent area of the epicenter. The characteristics of regional gravity variation before and after the Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake on December 8, 2016 and their relations are analyzed systematically. The results show that: 1)The gravity variations in the study area are dramatic in generally, and the contours of gravity variation are consistent with the main faults basically. There was a four-quadrant distribution near the epicenter before the earthquake, and the Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake occurred near the center of the four-quadrant distribution and at the turn of the gravity variation contour. The three years' cumulative gravity variation before the earthquake and the gravity variation after the earthquake are inversed, and the variation amplitudes are equivalent, suggesting that the MS6.2 earthquake has released the stress and the energy accumulated before the earthquake. 2)This paper focuses on the analysis of gravity variation at the observation points on both sides of the Junggar southern margin fault near the epicenter. Regional gravity variation and gravity time series show that gravity variations at the same side of the Junggar southern margin fault are basically consistent, however, gravity variations at the different sides of the Junggar southern margin fault are different from each other obviously, indicating the difference of material migration laws in different structural regions. In addition, the strain energy accumulated in the epicenter is basically released after the earthquake, and the area nearby the epicenter tends to be stable. 3)The Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake occurred near the center of the four-quadrant and at the turn of the high-gradient zone of gravity variation, reflecting the location of strong earthquake is related to the distribution of four-quadrant of regional gravity variation, the high-gradient zone of regional gravity variation and its turn. It has a unique advantage in determining the location of strong earthquake using gravity variation results. The regional spatial-temporal gravity variation before the earthquake is manifested as a systematic evolution process of “steady state→regional gravity anomaly→four-quadrant distribution→earthquake occurring in the reverse process”. Studying the temporal-spatial evolution characteristics of gravity field before and after Hutubi MS6.2 earthquake has important practical significance for understanding the occurrence law of large earthquakes and capturing the precursory information of earthquakes. 相似文献