共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 33 毫秒
1.
2.
无源微波遥感用于地震预测及物理机理研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
对不同岩性的岩石进行了无源微波遥感用于地震预测的实验研究,实验在等温过程加载条件下进行．实验得出岩石的微波辐射能量随岩石的应力状态变化而显著变化,这个变化完全由应力引起,与温度无关．将介质所处的应力状态同介质的微波辐射能量变化与物理机理直接地联系了起来,为无源微波遥感观测地球表层应力场分布和预测地震奠定了物理基础,并提供了实验依据．本文提出了无源微波遥感预测地震的两种物理机理,即热能激发机理和机械能激发机理;提出了由无源微波遥感探测结果,反演介质应力状态和温度状态的方法． 相似文献
3.
4.
Enyuan Wang Xueqiu He Xiaofei Liu Zhonghui Li Chao Wang Dong Xiao 《Journal of Applied Geophysics》2011,75(2):338-344
An electromagnetic radiation evaluation method for the relative stress state of coal bed under stress was proposed in this paper. The stress distribution of mine roadway or working face, as well as high stress zone or stress gradient zone, was analyzed by the method. The main advantages of the technique are its characteristics of non-contact, orientability, and regional monitoring. Correlation analysis of electromagnetic radiation with relative stress was carried out in coal mines and tunnels. The results indicate that the electromagnetic radiation technology has a wide application prospect in the evaluation of mine pressure. 相似文献
5.
The remote sensing observational study for infrared radiation of rocks was proceeded during the loading on rocks until failure.
The major instruments used in experiments were transient spectrum apparatus, intelligent spectrum apparatus, infrared radiation
thermometer, infrared spectrum radiometer, and infrared thermal imaging system. The experiments for 26 kinds of rocks were
made. The studies show that infrared radiation temperature of rocks increases along with increasing of stress. The amplitude
of infrared radiation spectrum of rocks also increases along with increasing of stress. The observational results of infrared
thermal imaging of rocks are consistent with infrared radiation temperature. Before formation of major faults for some rocks,
the belt-shape thermal imaging of temperature anomaly displaies in position of future major faults. This study has led the
new technology of remote sensing into rock mechanics and tend to establish a new field in rock mechanics — remote sensing
rock mechanics (or remote sensing rock physics). The application of remote sensing rock mechanics in prediction of earthquake
and rock burst, and in measurement of stress field in rock mass is expected.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, Supp., 645–652, 1992.
Jin-Shen HAO, Ji-Han LI, Xiao-Hong LIU, Yi-Qiao ZHI, Jin-Kai ZHANG, Yong-Hong Lü, Yi LIU, Yun-Shen YU, He ZHANG, Quan-Quan
JI, Xiao-Fan ZHU and Ning CHEN took part in this work.
This subject is supported by the Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation (91006).
Work of Institute of Geophysics, SSB (93A0009). 相似文献
6.
运用研制的KBD5矿用本安型电磁辐射监测仪测试了煤矿采掘过程中工作面煤岩体的电磁辐射，分析了电磁信号与采掘工艺及煤岩动力灾害危险性等的关系。研究表明，煤矿采掘过程伴随产生电磁辐射，电磁辐射是煤岩体受到采动影响后应力重新分布或变形破裂趋向新平衡的结果；有煤与瓦斯突出和冲击地压危险时，有明显的电磁异常前兆；采取防治措施后，电磁辐射显著下降。电磁辐射技术在煤矿可以用于预测煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压等煤岩动力灾害。 相似文献
7.
Ｔｈｅａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｍｉｃｒｏｗａｖｅｒｅｍｏｔｅｓｅｎｓｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｉｎｒｏｃｋ ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓＮａｉ－ＧｕａｎｇＧＥＮＧ（耿乃光）；Ｚｈｅｎｇ－ＦａｎｇＦＡＮ（樊正芳）；Ｑｕａｎ－ＱｕａｎＪＩ（籍全权）；Ｃｈｅｎｇ－... 相似文献
8.
The possibility of contactless remote estimation of the temperature in the Earth’s interior from surface magnetotelluric (MT) measurements is examined. The neuronet analysis of MT and temperature measurements in the Bishkek geodynamic research area (the Northern Tien Shan) showed that a contactless electromagnetic geothermometer can in principle be realized. An optimal method including MT measurements and treatment of available thermograms is developed. The method minimizes uncertainties of the remote temperature estimation. The use of six to eight thermograms for calibration of electromagnetic data is shown to provide a 12% relative error of prediction, and a priori geological information available for the region under study can reduce this error. Areas of practical application of a contactless electromagnetic geothermometer are outlined. 相似文献
9.
10.
准确预测煤岩破裂震源方位,确定采掘工作面重点灾害区域,可以使煤岩动力灾害防治措施更为有效.根据煤岩变形破裂电磁效应规律和电磁波基础理论,提出了一种利用电磁信号能量来确定局部震源方位的方法,并通过实验室定向接收实验和平煤十矿现场测试验证该方法的有效性.结果表明,电磁信号强度随着煤岩体应力状态变化而变化;两个正交天线接收的电磁信号能量分别与各自接收夹角余弦值的平方成正比,利用此比例关系可以确定震源的方位;电磁信号定位方法与静态指标法预测局部区域危险性具有较好的检验一致性.研究成果为煤岩动力灾害重点灾害区域的判定提供依据. 相似文献
11.
目前，太空碎片的天基探测方法一般是激光雷达法.由于激光雷达的辐射频率一般为可见光或红外波段，在分辨厘米量级的太空碎片时具有一定的优势.但激光雷达在探测时也面临一些客观问题：即（1）难以捕捉快速移动的太空碎片；（2）对目标体穿透能力低；（3）外层空间的强干扰环境对激光雷达的不良影响等.这些问题在一定程度上限制了激光雷达在太空碎片探测方面的应用.本文针对太空碎片体积小、预警距离远和强干扰环境等特点，提出使用高性能瞬变电磁辐射源对远距离、小尺度的太空碎片进行探测.通过三维矢量有限元方法，分析了利用高性能瞬变电磁辐射源的优点，对比不同瞬变电磁辐射源的幅频特性，从发射机理上证明高性能瞬变电磁辐射源在辐射能力与频率带宽方面都优于传统瞬变电磁辐射源.并通过调整脉冲宽度，得到最适合探测本文太空碎片模型的辐射脉冲.最后通过电场分布图和多测道图对太空碎片的明显电场分异结果，证实了高性能瞬变电磁辐射源在探测远距离、小尺度太空碎片方面的有效性. 相似文献
12.
热红外震兆成因的模拟实验研究 总被引：43，自引：3，他引：40
对完整岩石破裂前和既存断层粘滑失稳前的红外辐射温度场进行了遥感观测研究,发现岩石破裂前出未来断层处出现条带状的红外热像,粘滑失稳前断层闭锁点出现升温现象,声发射测量表明,岩石破裂前已有大量微破裂产生,地壳中的既存断层和大震前的微小破裂均可能为震前地壳中的热能转移提供通道,从而导致地面热外震兆的出现。 相似文献
13.
V. A. Gavrilov E. V. Poltavtseva A. V. Desherevsky Yu. Yu. Buss Yu. V. Morozova 《Seismic Instruments》2016,52(3):266-277
The results of synchronous geoacoustic and electromagnetic measurements at three boreholes located in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky geodynamic survey area with considerably different electromagnetic environments are studied. It is shown that reliable detection of geoacoustic emission responses to natural electromagnetic radiation in the range of 0.01–1.0 kHz is possible if geophones are placed in sufficiently deep boreholes. The results demonstrate the fundamental possibilty of using natural super-low-frequency electromagnetic radiation to monitoring of stress–strain states of the geological environment. 相似文献
14.
利用建立的煤体表面电位实验系统,研究了煤体在单轴压缩、拉伸、三点弯曲等不同破坏方式下的表面电位效应特征和规律. 研究结果表明, 煤体在受载破坏时能够产生表面电位, 并且表面电位与载荷呈较好的一致性,它们之间的相关系数可达到0.6～0.9;同时,载荷的变化会引起表面电位相应的变化,表面电位信号一般随载荷的增加而增强, 随载荷的降低而减弱;并且表面电位在煤样表面上的分布是随载荷增加及煤样的破坏而变化的. 通过煤体表面电位的研究, 对进一步深入研究煤体破裂电磁辐射的产生机理, 促进煤岩电磁辐射技术的发展和应用具有一定的作用. 同时,对于煤体表面电位的深入研究,可望为评定煤矿现场煤体应力状态及其稳定性、监测预报煤岩动力灾害提供一种新的方法和手段. 相似文献
15.
N. G. Peterova N. A. Topchilo L. V. Opeikina B. V. Agalakov T. P. Borisevich B. I. Lubyshev 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2013,53(8):1000-1006
The research results of the unique NOAA 7123 active region (April 1992) are presented; its anomalous polarization features (long-term predominance of O-mode radiation above the central part of the main sunspot) were previously revealed by VLA observations with a resolution of (2–4)” at wavelengths of 3.6 and 6.4 cm (Vourlidas et al., 1997). Additional observations in a wider band of electromagnetic radiation, including, in particular, spectrum-polarization observations performed with the RATAN-600 and SSRT radio telescopes, are considered. The analysis of these data allowed for the conclusion that the anomaly was caused by the presence of a cold substance in the upper coronal layers, starting from the height where (6–7) cm radiation was generated. A possible transportation agent of this substance—Hα filament—one of the bases of which fell on the sunspot’s umbra-penumbra boundary, was found. 相似文献
16.
Abstract Monitoring evapotranspiration (ET) at large scales is important for assessing climate and anthropogenic effects on natural and agricultural ecosystems. This paper describes techniques used in evaluating ET with remote sensing, which is the only technology that can efficiently and economically provide regional and global coverage. Some of the empirical/statistical techniques have been used operationally with satellite data for computing daily ET at regional scales. The more complex numerical simulation models require detailed input parameters that may limit their application to regions containing a large database of soils and vegetation properties. Current efforts are being directed towards simplifying the parameter requirements of these models. Essentially all energy balance models rely on an estimate of the available energy (net radiation less soil heat flux). Net radiation is not easily determined from space, although progress is being made. Simplified approaches for estimating soil heat flux appear promising for operational applications. In addition, most ET models utilize remote sensing data in the shortwave and thermal wavelengths to measure key boundary conditions. Differences between the radiometric surface temperature and aerodynamic temperature can be significant and progress in incorporating this effect is evident. Atmospheric effects on optical data are significant, and optical sensors cannot see through clouds. This has led some to use microwave observations as a surrogate for optical data to provide estimates of surface moisture and surface temperature; preliminary results are encouraging. The approaches that appear most promising use surface temperature and vegetation indices or a time rate of change in surface temperature coupled to an atmospheric boundary layer model. For many of these models, differences with ET observations can be as low as 20% from hourly to daily time scales, approaching the level of uncertainty in the measurement of ET and contradicting some recent pessimistic conclusions concerning the utility of remotely sensed radiometric surface temperature for determining the surface energy balance. 相似文献
17.
River water temperature is an important water quality parameter that also influences most aquatic life. Physical processes influencing water temperature in rivers are highly complex. This is especially true for the estimation of river heat exchange processes that are highly dependent on good estimates of radiation fluxes. Furthermore, very few studies were found within the stream temperature dynamic literature where the different radiation components have been measured and compared at the stream level (at microclimate conditions). Therefore, this study presents results on hydrometeorological conditions for a small tributary within Catamaran Brook (part of the Miramichi River system, New Brunswick, Canada) with the following specific objectives: (1) to compare between stream microclimate and remote meteorological conditions, (2) to compare measured long‐wave radiation data with those calculated from an analytical model, and (3), to calculate the corresponding river heat fluxes. The most salient findings of this study are (1) solar radiation and wind speed are parameters that are highly site specific within the river environment and play an important role in the estimation of river heat fluxes; (2) the incoming, outgoing, and net long‐wave radiation within the stream environment (under the forest canopy) can be effectively calculated using empirical formula; (3) at the study site more than 80% of the incoming long‐wave radiation was coming from the forest; (4) total energy gains were dominated by solar radiation flux (for all the study periods) followed by the net long‐wave radiation (during some periods) whereas energy losses were coming from both the net long‐wave radiation and evaporation. Conductive heat fluxes have a minor contribution from the overall heat budget (<3·5%); (5) the reflected short‐wave radiation at the water surface was calculated on average as 3·2%, which is consistent with literature values. Results of this study contribute towards a better understanding of river heat fluxes and water temperature models as well as for more effective aquatic resources and fisheries management. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
19.
岩石加载实验证实受载岩体能够产生特定频段的微波辐射能量增强，卫星遥感数据分析也表明，个别震例强震前可能存在微波辐射异常，这一重要发现亟待普遍性检验与统计特征研究. 本文收集了俄罗斯堪察加半岛2003—2011年Aqua AMSR-E 的微波辐射亮温数据，并对地震和火山活动信息进行了统计，进而利用改进后的异常识别方法及构建的背景场对9年内多次强震的震前短临异常的位置和时间信息进行了检测与统计. 结果表明:① 勘察加半岛平均亮温变化存在明显的季节特征，1—4月和11—12月为平稳期、5—10月为剧变期，平稳期的亮温曲线基本保持平稳，而剧变期呈抛物线型，自4月起持续增温至7月，随后持续降温至11月；② 受地形地貌影响，半岛南部和东南部亮温较高，中西部亮温较低；③ 火山点亮温小于地震点和非地震点，火山活动对亮温影响有限；④ 使用四分位数法判断辐射异常检测指数，发现17次地震中有13次可以识别到震前异常，其中MS≥6.0地震均可检测到异常，且异常发生在地震前1个月以内. 相似文献
20.
非构造活动或非地震因素对地表热辐射场（地表温度）的影响,对于利用卫星热红外遥感探索地震前兆抑或断层活动有着重要的现实意义.地表温度中,典型非构造活动或非地震因素成份有：由太阳辐射引起的稳定年周期成份和与地形、纬度及能量平衡等因素有关的长期稳定成份,合称年变基准场.本文根据2000～2008年的MODIS/Terra地表温度产品,利用小波分析提取了中国大陆地表温度的年变基准场.在此基础上,结合热传导方程和数学物理方法,获得了年变基准场的（半）定量化表达式.进一步, 利用地表温度的长期稳定成份,获得了温度与海拔、纬度变化之间的定量关系：海拔每增加100 m,温度降低0.51±0.01 K; 纬度每增加1°,温度降低0.77±0.08 K.总之,年变基准场可为利用热红外辐射提取地壳活动信息提供一种参考背景, 温度与海拔、纬度变化之间的定量关系则可用来校正地形起伏和纬度变化对地表温度的影响. 相似文献