共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
M. Erdik K. ŞeşetyanM.B. Demircioğlu U. HancılarC. Zülfikar 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
This article summarizes the work done over the last decades regarding the development of new approaches and setting up of new applications for earthquake rapid response systems that function to estimate earthquake losses in quasi-real time after an earthquake. After a critical discussion of relevant earthquake loss estimation methodologies, the essential features and characteristics of the available loss estimation software are summarized. Currently operating near-real-time loss estimation tools can be classified under two main categories depending on the size of area they cover: global and local systems. For the global or regional near-real-time loss estimation systems: GDACS, WAPMERR, PAGER, and NERIES-ELER methodologies are presented together with their loss estimations for the 2009 Abruzzo (L’Aquila) earthquake in Italy. Examples are provided for the local rapid earthquake loss estimation systems, including the Taiwan Earthquake Rapid Reporting System, Real-time Earthquake Assessment Disaster System in Yokohama, Real Time Earthquake Disaster Mitigation System of the Tokyo Gas Co., and Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response System. 相似文献
2.
Mustafa Erdik Karin Sesetyan Mine Demircioglu Ufuk Hancilar Can Zulfikar Eser Cakti Yaver Kamer Cem Yenidogan Cuneyt Tuzun Zehra Cagnan Ebru Harmandar 《Acta Geophysica》2010,58(5):855-892
The almost-real time estimation of ground shaking and losses after a major earthquake in the Euro-Mediterranean region was performed in the framework of the Joint Research Activity 3 (JRA-3) component of the EU FP6 Project entitled “Network of Research Infra-structures for European Seismology, NERIES”. This project consists of finding the most likely location of the earthquake source by estimating the fault rupture parameters on the basis of rapid inversion of data from on-line regional broadband stations. It also includes an estimation of the spatial distribution of selected site-specific ground motion parameters at engineering bedrock through region-specific ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) or physical simulation of ground motion. By using the Earthquake Loss Estimation Routine (ELER) software, the multi-level methodology developed for real time estimation of losses is capable of incorporating regional variability and sources of uncertainty stemming from GMPEs, fault finiteness, site modifications, inventory of physical and social elements subjected to earthquake hazard and the associated vulnerability relationships. 相似文献
3.
Ground motion intensity measures such as the peak ground acceleration (PGA) and the pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) at two sites due to the same seismic event are correlated. The spatial correlation needs to be considered when modeling ground-motion fields for seismic loss assessments, since it can have a significant influence on the statistical moments and probability distribution of aggregated seismic loss of a building portfolio.Empirical models of spatial correlation of ground motion intensity measures exist only for a few seismic regions in the world such as Japan, Taiwan and California, since for this purpose a dense observation network of earthquake ground motion is required. The Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response and Early Warning System (IERREWS) provides one such dense array with station spacing of typically 2 km in the urban area of Istanbul. Based on the records of eight small to moderate (Mw3.5–Mw5.1) events, which occurred since 2003 in the Marmara region, we establish a model of intra-event spatial correlation for PGA and PSA up to the natural period of 1.0 s.The results indicate that the correlation coefficients of PGA and short-period PSA decay rapidly with increasing interstation distance, resulting in correlation lengths of approximately 3–4 km, while correlation lengths at longer natural periods (above 0.5 s) exceed 6 km. Finally, we implement the correlation model in a Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate economic loss in Istanbul's district Zeytinburnu due to a Mw7.2 scenario earthquake. 相似文献
4.
地震是造成我国巨大人员伤亡的主要灾害之一,震后人员伤亡的快速评估对于应急抗震救援工作具有重要指导意义。通过分析影响地震灾害人员伤亡的主要因素,调查统计不同使用功能建筑物中人员密度、不同时间段人员在室率及不同结构破坏状态下的伤亡率,建立地震人员伤亡计算模型。基于实验数据所得的地震易损性曲线数据库对建筑物进行结构易损性分析,用研发的中国地震灾害损失评估系统软件（CEDLAS）,对西安市灞桥区进行震后人员伤亡评估,并与汶川地震实际震害数据和其他经验模型对比,验证了该理论方法的可行性及合理性,为震后政府启动地震应急预案和组织开展抗震救灾工作提供参考。 相似文献
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6.
A methodology for seismic microzonation and earthquake damage scenarios may be considered as composed of two stages. In the first stage, microzonation maps with respect to estimated earthquake characteristics on the ground surface are generated for an investigated urban area. The effects of local geological and geotechnical site conditions are taken into account based on site characterization with respect to representative soil profiles extending down to the engineering bedrock. 1D site response analyses are performed to calculate earthquake characteristics on the ground surface using as many as possible, hazard compatible real acceleration time histories. In the second stage, vulnerability of buildings and pipeline systems are estimated based on site-specific ground motion parameters. A pilot study is carried out to evaluate seismic damage in a district in Istanbul, Turkey. The results demonstrate the significance of site characterization and site response analysis in calculating the earthquake characteristics on the ground surface in comparison to simplified empirical procedures. 相似文献
7.
随机有限断层法合成地震动的研究与应用 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
目前很多研究者采用随机有限断层模型预测地震动并被证明是可行的.本文运用随机有限断层地震动叠加合成方法,模拟了1988年肃南5.7级地震,与实际记录进行对比分析,发现：用有限断层方法模拟得到的峰值加速度以及峰值加速度出现所对应的特征时刻与真实记录较为吻合;比较模拟的地震动反应谱和实际记录的加速度反应谱,总体上在工程感兴趣的频段内,有限断层方法拟合的结果基本能满足实际工作的需要.为进一步开拓该方法在工程应用中的前景,以兰州市柴家峡水电站为例,将此理论方法应用于缺乏强震记录地区的近场地震动估计中,模拟分析了马衔山北缘活动断裂发震时在坝址区产生的地震动特征,其近场合成结果与1125年兰州7.0级地震的烈度分布符合较好,可供工程抗震设计参考使用. 相似文献
8.
Thomas C. Hanks 《地震工程与结构动力学》1976,4(5):473-488
While the accurate estimation of ground-motion amplitudes across the entire frequency band of engineering interest is not possible at the present time, the excitation and propagation of long-period strong-ground motion can be understood with existing seismological methodology. In the Los Angeles Basin, the long-period strong ground motion excited by the San Fernando earthquake is dominated by the presence of surface waves, whose gross amplitude and frequency content are easily attributable to physical properties of the earthquake source and source-station propagation paths. Observed measures of the long-period strong ground motion of the Kern County earthquake relative to the San Fernando earthquake at two sites in the Los Angeles Basin which recorded both shocks can be predicted with considerable accuracy by a simple earthquake source model. This source model is extrapolated to represent the maximum credible earthquake likely to affect the Los Angeles area, taken to be a repeat of the Fort Tejon (1857) earthquake along the San Andreas fault. The measures of long-period strong ground motion in the Los Angeles Basin estimated for it agree well with the comparable measures of Earthquake A-2, intended to represent the same situation. For the purpose of aseismic design of long-period structures, Earthquake A-2 is a reasonable, if not all inclusive, estimate of the long-period strong ground motion in the Los Angeles Basin generated by a magnitude 8+ earthquake along the San Andreas fault north and east of Los Angeles. 相似文献
9.
2008年5月12日汶川大地震发生后,中国地震局迅速组织开展了强余震流动观测,沿龙门山断裂附近布设了59台强震动仪器.在观测期间发生了万余次余震,流动观测台网获得了2000多组3分量的强余震记录.本文介绍了流动观测台布设的技术方法与关键步骤,初步处理了2008年5月25日青川6.4级最大余震的地震动记录,并分析了此次地震动衰减特征.此次流动观测充分表明,在大地震发生后,及时有效地开展强震动流动观测是十分必要的,其获得的余震地震动记录可为进一步的科研工作提供宝贵的基础资料. 相似文献
10.
2013年4月20日四川省芦山县境内发生MS7.0级地震,地震造成196人死亡,21人失踪,11470人受伤,震中最大烈度IX.地震发生后,中国数字强震动观测网络和成都市地震烈度速报网络分别获得了114组和63组3分量强震动记录.记录得出在近场加速度幅值较高,与汶川地震峰值相当,然而震害却不严重.本文介绍了这些记录的基本情况,分析了其地震动三要素（幅值、持时、频谱）特征以及对建筑物结构的潜在影响.分析结果表明：芦山地震PGA（地震动峰值加速度）与我国常用的霍俊荣地震动预测方程较一致,高于即将颁布的第五代区划图中使用的预测方程;PGV（地震动峰值速度）与第五代区划图中使用的预测方程基本一致;Significant持时和Bracketed持时高于全球经验预测方程,且Bracketed持时衰减显著慢于全球平均水平;典型11个幅值较大记录的5%阻尼比加速度反应谱峰值周期都在0.1~0.2 s范围内,且谱值远高于规范设计谱,但在周期0.3 s之后迅速下降至设计谱以下;芦山地震地震动PGV值较小以及对应我国中小城市和城镇主要建筑物的结构自振周期范围（0.3~1 s）内加速度反应谱远低于规范设计谱,可用于解释其震害相对较轻的原因. 相似文献
11.
Turkey was struck by two major events on August 17th and November 12th, 1999. Named Kocaeli (Mw=7.4) and Düzce (Mw=7.2) earthquakes, respectively, the two earthquakes provided the most extensive strong ground motion data set ever recorded in Turkey. The strong motion stations operated by the General Directorate of Disaster Affairs, the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute of Bogazici University and Istanbul Technical University have produced at least 27 strong motion records for the Kocaeli earthquake within 200 km of the fault. Kocaeli earthquake has generated six motions within 20 km of the fault adding significantly to the near-field database of ground motions for Mw>=7.0 strike–slip earthquakes. The paper discusses available strong motion data, studies their attenuation characteristics, analyses time domain, as well as spectral properties such as spectral accelerations with special emphasis on fault normal and fault parallel components and the elastic attenuation parameter, kappa. A simulation of the Kocaeli earthquake using code FINSIM is also presented. 相似文献
12.
On 3 August 2014, the Ludian earthquake struck northwest Yunnan Province with a surface wave magnitude of 6.5. This moderate earthquake unexpectedly caused high fatalities and great economic loss. Four strong motion stations were located in the areas with intensity V, VI, VII and IX, near the epicentre. The characteristics of the ground motion are discussed herein, including 1) ground motion was strong at a period of less than 1.4 s, which covered the natural vibration period of a large number of structures; and 2) the release energy was concentrated geographically. Based on materials collected during emergency building inspections, the damage patterns of adobe, masonry, timber frame and reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures in areas with different intensities are summarised. Earthquake damage matrices of local buildings are also given for fragility evaluation and earthquake damage prediction. It is found that the collapse ratios of RC frame and confined masonry structures based on the new design code are significantly lower than non-seismic buildings. However, the RC frame structures still failed to achieve the ‘strong column, weak beam’ design target. Traditional timber frame structures with a light infill wall showed good aseismic performance. 相似文献
13.
2022年3月16日在日本福岛县东部海域发生7.4级地震,本文基于近实时震害评估系统RED-ACT对此次地震进行了快速评估,包括强震动记录分析、区域地震破坏力震害评估结果和典型桥梁破坏,并结合实际震害对比了该系统评估结果以及其他主要震害快速评估系统的分析结果,结果表明：(1)此次地震造成的地面运动强度较大,多数台站记录PGA较2021年福岛7.3级地震更强,反应谱在0.5～1.3s区间呈现远高于2021年福岛地震的趋势。(2)RED-ACT的震害评估结果相较于日本NIED-CRS系统和美国USGS-PAGER系统与实际震害更为接近,在强震动记录较为密集的地区,开展基于强震动时程和建筑非线性分析的震害评估能够得到更为准确的震害评估结果。(3)此次地震对白石市附近桥梁造成了一定的破坏,桥梁破坏附近处的强震动会对典型桥梁结构造成一定程度的破坏。 相似文献
14.
青岛市地震应急指挥决策支持软件的设计与开发 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于空间决策支持技术设计与开发了城市地震应急指挥决策支持软件,在软件的总体设计、功能模块、数据库建设、接口设计与模块集成等方面进行了研究与开发,并在青岛市地震应急指挥系统中得到实际应用和检验。实践表明,该软件能实时收集地震现场灾害信息,给出地震灾害现状图,并且实时跟踪灾情发展及变化,智能制定各种地震应急指挥指令,可视化绘出应急指挥决策图,从而有效提高地震应急指挥的效率和响应速度,为地震现场应急指挥工作提供了更实用、可推广的技术平台,这对全国大中城市地震应急指挥技术系统的建设具有实际意义。 相似文献
15.
Asl? Kurtulu? 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(5):1443-1461
Geotechnical downhole arrays that record seismic ground response in near-surface layers are increasingly becoming one of the
best sources of information for developing, verifying, and calibrating engineering analyses and design methods. Recently,
three geotechnical downhole arrays have been installed in the European side of Istanbul, Turkey with efforts of Kandilli Observatory
and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI). The existing high seismic activity of the region increases the scientific importance
of these downhole arrays. Each array is composed of one accelerometer on the ground surface and three or four borehole accelerometers
at various depths along the soil profile with the deepest sensor located at the engineering bedrock level (Vs > 750 m/s). The arrays also provide reference bedrock motion for Rapid Response Network composed of 55 surface instruments
operated by KOERI in the west European side of city. An important aspect of this paper is to introduce the recently-completed
test sites emphasizing on their potential to generate valuable data for scientific community. Preliminary analysis of the
recorded data provides evidence for significant site amplification of ground motion by the surface layers. Comparisons between
the recorded and modeled response indicate that Vs 30 alone is a poor indicator of the amplification potential emphasizing the importance of site-specific analyses in predicting
the ground response as opposed to empirical approaches. 相似文献
16.
Evaluation of the structural damage of high‐rise reinforced concrete buildings using ambient vibrations recorded before and after damage 
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下载免费PDF全文 Hirotoshi Uebayashi Masayuki Nagano Takenori Hida Takehiko Tanuma Mitoshi Yasui Shigeki Sakai 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(2):213-228
Evaluation of the degrees of structural damage suffered by high‐rise residential buildings after being subjected to strong ground motions is extremely important to the development of life continuity planning for building residents. However, these evaluations cannot be based on strong‐motion records alone, because earthquake observation equipment is not installed in most such buildings in Japan. In this study, we propose simple equations for estimating the stiffness degradation rate and the peak inter‐story drift ratio (PIDR) by using ambient vibration records instead of strong‐motion records when high‐rise RC buildings are subjected to a severe earthquake. More specifically, we propose one equation that relates the square root of the stiffness degradation rate, which is the ratio of natural frequencies at the maximum response to the preliminary tremor response (elastic state), in strong‐motion records with the ratio of natural frequencies identified from ambient vibrations before and after damage was suffered. We also propose an equation that relates the PIDR with the stiffness degradation rate on the basis of the stiffness‐degrading bilinear restoring force characteristic derived from the strong‐motion records of 13 high‐rise buildings for the 1995 Hyogoken‐Nanbu Earthquake (Mw 6.9) and the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki Earthquake (Mw 9.0). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
几种仪器烈度算法在汶川地震与芦山地震中的可靠性比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
破坏性地震发生后, 特别是在通信中断的情况下, 利用仪器烈度快速估计地震动强度(烈度)的分布情况, 可为开展最有效的地震应急救援提供决策依据. 该文介绍了现有的几种仪器烈度算法, 并利用汶川地震与芦山地震中获得的强震加速度记录对各种算法的可靠性进行了比较. 结果表明, 在这两次地震中只利用地震动峰值参数确定仪器烈度的算法可靠性较低, 而考虑反应谱特性的算法可靠性更高. 在未得到更多强震数据的检验前, 建议采用袁一凡提出的仪器烈度算法, 或利用谱烈度值确定仪器烈度的算法, 或利用加速度反应谱值确定仪器烈度的算法. 相似文献
18.
基于假设检验的地震动强度(烈度)速报方法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
地震发生后数分钟内,快速、可靠地判别出地震动强度(烈度)的空间分布,用以估计不同地区的受灾程度,可以为政府开展应急救援并合理分配救援力量提供决策依据,保证救援人员及时、准确地到达极震区并展开搜救,以减少生命财产损失。本文基于统计学中的假设检验方法,对历史震害资料进行统计,提出了一种利用强地震动参数判别地震动强度(烈度)的方法。比较结果表明,本方法所确定的地震动强度(烈度)与实际震害烈度对应较好,能较真实地反映实际震害情况。 相似文献
19.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ground motion characteristics of the Chi‐Chi earthquake (21 September 1999) as well as the interpretation of structural damage due to this earthquake. Over 300 strong motion records were collected from the strong motion network of Taiwan for this earthquake. A lot of near‐field ground motion data were collected. They provide valuable information on the study of ground motion characteristics of pulse‐like near‐field ground motions as well as fault displacement. This study includes: attenuation of ground motion both in PGA and spectral amplitude, principal direction, elastic and inelastic response analysis of a SDOF system subjected to near‐field ground motion collected from this event. The distribution of spectral acceleration and spectral velocity along the Chelungpu fault is discussed. Based on the mode decomposition method the intrinsic mode function of ground acceleration of this earthquake is examined. A long‐period wave with large amplitude was observed in most of the near‐source ground acceleration. The seismic demand from the recorded near‐field ground motion is also investigated with an evaluation of seismic design criteria of Taiwan Building Code. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
The post-earthquake rapid accurate assessment of macro influence of seismic ground motion is of significance for earthquake emergency relief,post-earthquake reconstruction and scientific research. The seismic intensity distribution map released by the Lushan earthquake field team of the China Earthquake Administration(CEA) five days after the strong earthquake(M7.0) occurred in Lushan County of Sichuan Ya'an City at 8:02 on April 20,2013 provides a scientific basis for emergency relief,economic loss assessment and post-earthquake reconstruction. In this paper,the means for blind estimation of macroscopic intensity,field estimation of macro intensity,and review of intensity,as well as corresponding problems are discussed in detail,and the intensity distribution characteristics of the Lushan "4.20" M7.0 earthquake and its influential factors are analyzed,providing a reference for future seismic intensity assessments. 相似文献