共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
The outline of Taihu Lake Basin, including the geographical and hydrometeorological characteristics, its main functions and resource-environmental state and problems facing in Taihu Lake were introduced. 相似文献
2.
In accordance with the natural, geographic, and ecological characteristics of the Taihu Lake Basin, and the relation between the water body of Taihu Lake and its surrounding environment, an area, which has tight relevance with the water environment of Taihu Lake, was token as the main investigation region. The area was named as the Taihu Lake Region. Some factors, such as TN, TP, CODCr that characterized the main environmental problem, the eutrophication were selected when conducted the pollution sources investigation on in Taihu Lake Region. The categories, distribution, pollution contribution to the Lake of dijferent pollution sources, as well as the routes of pollutants entering the Lake were basically made clear. Pollution sources that must be preferentially controlled and the direction of controlling those main pollutants, such as TN, TP, CODCr, were proposed. Base on the investigation, a series of eco-systematic approaches for controlling Taihu Lake eutrophication were put forward. They are ecosystem regulation, nutrient substances transferring along food chain, trophic masse degrading step by step along the route from a pollution source to the Lake, building ecological preventive zone of the Lake, as well as the ecological measures for point sources treatment and so on. 相似文献
3.
The water pollution situation of Taihu Lake, general conditions of the main inflow rivers to Taihu Lake, the compiling principles, the harnessing measures for polluted water and major inflow rivers to the lake, and the total quantity control plan were analyzed. 相似文献
4.
Study on the simulation of transparency of Lake Taihu under different hydrodynamic conditions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
It was indicated in this study that there were negative relations between the concentrations of suspended solid (SS) and transparency according to the analysis of measured data of Lake Taihu. Their relations in pervious studies were reviewed, which showed that the changes of transparency in Lake Taihu could be reflected by simulating suspended solid concentration (SSC). Measured data showed that the changes of SSC with wind speed were similar at different water depths. SSC increased with the increasing of wind speed. Both wave and lake current of Lake Taihu had positive relations with SSC. However, wave was the main factor affecting sediment suspension, while flow took the second place. In this study, a numerical model coupling lake current, wave and SSC of Lake Taihu was developed. In the SS model, the combined effects of wave and current were included. The amounts of suspended and deposited sediments near the lake bed surface layer were treated separately. The stochastic characteristics of turbulent flow pulsation near lake beds were also considered, and the start-up conditions of sediment suspension were introduced to the model. The model elucidated the mutual exchange processes between sediment particles in SS and active sediments within and on the bed surface layer. Simulated results showed that lake current had relatively significant effects on the SSC at littoral areas of Lake Taihu, while SSC at the central area of the lake was mainly influenced by wave. The changes of transparency with SSC were simulated for Lake Taihu using this model. Calculated results were validated by measured data with good fitness, which indicated that the model is basically suitable for the simulation and prediction of transparency of Lake Taihu. 相似文献
5.
Taihu Lake is the third largest fresh water lake in China, locating in Yangtze Delta as the richest area of China. At present, eutrophication problem is severe in Taihu Lake. This paper, in view of ecological system, presents analysis of the composition structural characteristics of Taihu Lake environment regarded as a whole ecological system, energy and substances circulation between ecological factors. The Taihu Lake ecological environment is proceeding a lake evolution period, i.e. middle-eutrophic to eutrophic. Therefore the diversion water''from Yangtze River to Taihu Lake through the Wangyu River acts to change external agent function for Taihu ecological system, i.e. increasing water quantity of Taihu Lake may rise water level and speed up flow exchanging. Moreover, with harnessing measures for pollution sources to reduce input of nutrients, natural evolution procedure of Taihu ecological environment may slow down to subsequently improve Taihu ecological environment. 相似文献
6.
The eutrophication of Lake Taihu is becoming more serious day by day and more urgent to be comprehensively harnessed. The lake sludge is considered as a important polluting factor. To control the internal pollution source of Lake Taihu and restore its water ecological environment, this paper put forward an idea of the dredging for environmental purposes. It was on the basis of the research on the sludge storage and physical/chemical characteristics. The technical keys are sludge-dredging depth, time, method and sludge treatment. The requirements and scheme for the environmental dredging work in Lake Taihu were also analyzed in detail. 相似文献
7.
Lake Taihu, the third largest fresh water lake in China, with a surface area of 2 338 km2, is located in the Changjiang River Delta, the most advanced economic zone in China. During the last two decades, the rapid economic development of local agriculture and industry both in the urban and rural areas of the region has made great advances. Great quantieis of pollutants have been discharged into the lake, its nutrient content has increased continuously, and phytoplankton blooms have occurred in some areas. Water quality protection in Lake Taihu is very important because of its close relation with economical development and people''s daily life. It is urgent to have comprehensive pollution control in Lake Taihu. Based on water quality monitoring data in Lake Taihu from 1987 to 1994, the dynamic variations of water quality and eutrophication trends have been analyzed, showing obvious spatial and temporal variations. The main water quality factors were compared with the standard for drinking water and indicate considerable change with the seasons. Some basic strategies to protect water quality and prevent eutrophication are discussed. 相似文献
8.
太湖富营养化问题及其综合控制对策 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
On the basis of nine-time current situation investigation for eutrophication of Taihu Lake during 1991-1995, this paper evaluated the trophic levels in the different periods and analyzed the development of the main nutrient content in the nearest 35 years. The results show that the trophic level of Taihu Lake is in the transition state from meso-eutrophic to eutrophic. The eutrophhic and hypereutrophic waters account for 10% or so. The limiting nutrient, P, rises most rapidly, which causes the ratio of N:P to decrease. The increase of P content is still one of the main factors giving rise to the eutrophication of Taihu. LakeSome proposals of comprehensive countermeasure for the eutrophication are put forward. They include the pollution source control of the basin, the littoral multiple management, optimal dispatch of water conservancy facilities, the engineering of helping Taihu Lake with diversion of the Changjiang River, and as well as the setting of the water quality protection and legal system. 相似文献
9.
Experimental study on phosphorus release from sediments of shallow lake in wave flume 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
Influence of wave on sediment resuspension and nutrients release from sediments, collected from Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, was studied in flume experiments. Under strong-wave conditions, concentrations of suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) in overlying water were increased significantly following the sediments re-suspension. During the experiments on sediments of Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, TP concentrations increased 6 times and 3 times, and DTP concentration increased 100% and 70% more than it in presuspension, respectively. Concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) of experiment on sediment of Lake Taihu increased 25%. During the massive sediment suspension, the dissolved phosphorus in pore water and much of the phosphorus adsorbed by the sediment particles were released into overlying water. The phenomena in this wave flume experiment are quite similar to the situation observed in situ of Lake Taihu. The critical wave stresses of sediment re-suspension are nearly equal. The change of concentrations of SS, TP, and SRP was the same as that in situ situation. This study showed that concentrations of TP and SRP in lake water could be increased significantly by wave disturbance. Phosphorus release was significantly enhanced by wave disturbance at the beginning of massive sediment re-suspension, but decreased later. 相似文献
10.
Preliminary study on assessment of nutrient transport in the Taihu Basin based on SWAT modeling 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
With the Taihu Basin as a study area, using the spatially distributed and mechanism-based SWAT model, preliminary simulations of nutrient transport in the Taihu Basin during the period of 1995-2002 has been carried out. The topography, soil, meteorology and land use with industrial point pollution discharge, the loss of agricultural fertilizers, urban sewerage, and livestock drainages were all considered in the boundary conditions of the simulations. The model was calibrated and validated against water quality monitoring data from 2001 to 2002. The results show that the annual total productions of nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) into Lake Taihu are 40000t and 2000t respectively. Nutrient from the Huxi Region is a major resource for Lake Taihu. The non-point source (surface source) pollution is the main form of catchment sources of nutrients into Lake Taihu, occupied TN 53% and TP 56% respectively. TN and TP nutrients from industrial point pollution discharge are 30% and 16%, and sewerage in both forms of point source and non-point source are TN 31 % and TP 47%. Both the loss of agricultural fertilizers and livestock drainages from the catchment should be paid more attention as an important nutrient source. The results also show that SWAT is an effective model for the simulation of temporally and spatially nutrient changes and for the assessment of the trends in a catchment scale. 相似文献
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12.
本文建立了一个大气,水耦合数值模型来研究琵琶湖的环流机制,模拟计算结果表明：１）在湖面上存在一个正的风涡度场以及白天的正散度场,晚上的负散度场,在温度分层的季节里,这一特殊的琵琶湖流流域大气边界层可以产生并维持北湖一稳定,强度较弱的气旋式环流。２）当考虑大气边界层的不均匀风场的影响时,湖中形成的环流比均匀风场驱动形成的环流比均匀风场驱动形成的环流更加稳定且维持时间更长．３）局地风场可以在湖中驱动形 相似文献
13.
江苏新沂河河漫滩表面流人工湿地对污染河水的净化试验 总被引：22，自引：6，他引：16
通过对环太湖水文巡测资料水量统计方法比较入手,计算分析2000-2002年环太湖河流进出湖水量、水质、污染负荷量变化．结合太湖水质变化分析,得出自2000年后环太湖进出湖河流的水质污染恶化趋势总体得到初步遏制,湖州、苏州地区环太湖河流水质保持稳定并呈一定改善趋势,但无锡、常州地区的环太湖河流水质浓度仍呈升高趋势,尤其是常州地区入湖河流的TP、CODMn浓度升高较快．与此相对应,太湖水质在总体保持基本稳定中有所好转,水质总体恶化趋势已经得到初步控制,但位于西北部的竺山湖各项水质指标进一步恶化,明显劣于梅梁湖水质,应当引起当地有关部门重视,加大治理力度．环太湖河流的入湖和出湖污染负荷量总体呈现增加趋势,但从净入湖污染负荷量分析,CODMn呈波动性减少趋势,TP和TN呈增加趋势． 相似文献
14.
太湖水体3种典型水质参数的高光谱遥感反演 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
以富营养化污染严重的太湖为研究区,设计并实施了2次太湖航空遥感综合实验,获取了太湖7条航带、冬夏两个时相的航空高光谱遥感图像;通过6次太湖地面试验,采集了多时相的太湖水体固有光学量和表观光学量数据,分析了它们的空间分布规律,建立了单化固有光学量数据库;面向叶绿素、悬浮物和黄色物质3种典型水质参数,发展了基于生物光学模型和单位固有光学量数据库的水质参数反演分析方法;利用航空高光谱遥感器Will图像和航天高光谱遥感器CHRIS图像对这些方法进行了检验,获得了较好的水质参数图像反演结果. 相似文献
15.
“新孟河引水”作为“二引三排”格局的关键组成,将长江水直接引入太湖的竺山湖区,在新的引排格局下,“新孟河引水”对太湖水环境尤其是总磷会有怎样的影响？针对“新孟河引水”工程,如何设计出水路线才能趋利避弊,改善太湖总磷？本文实测并收集了2007—2020年太湖的水文水质数据为基础,模拟了不同路线对太湖分湖区总磷的影响,力求将“新孟河引水”对太湖的影响进行一个清晰的分析,并为形成最为合理的出水路线提供支撑.结果表明:太湖不同湖区对出水路线的响应不同.从单一出水路线的角度来看,新孟河引水后,太浦闸增加出水会使得太湖西北部浊水加快来到太湖东南部,对太湖东南部有不利的影响.而梁溪河或新沟河出水的西北小循环是“新孟河引水”工程优化出水路线,在降低竺山湖、梅梁湖总磷的同时,没有恶化太湖东南部水质,对太湖总磷也有降低的效果.在应用中可以组合各种出水路线,形成联动方案.从物料平衡的角度看,太湖底泥目前仍是磷汇.引水后4种出水路线年均滞留量为1435 t,其中出水河道设置在东太湖(太浦闸)磷滞留量最大,年滞留1513 t;出水河道设置在梅梁湖(新沟河、梁溪河)磷滞留量最小,年滞留1404 t左右. 相似文献
16.
河道入湖污染物量计算精度分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
入湖污染物量计算精度的高低决定入湖污染物量分析结果的客观性和准确性.本文以太湖为例,分析2010年环太湖河道入湖污染物量、时空分布情况及多年环太湖河道入湖染污物量变化情势.在此基础上,使用现在已有监测条件分析时段内每日水量水质监测数据计算逐日入湖污染物量时段累积值,并以此作为现有分析计算河道入湖污染物量的最高计算精度值.通过设定不同监测方案、采用不同计算方法分析河道入湖污染物量及其计算精度,认为现有分析计算的河道入湖污染物量已是每日河道水量水质同步监测下河道入湖污染物量的80%左右.针对河道入湖污染物量计算精度的分析可为制定科学的河道入湖污染量监测方案、提高河道入湖污染物量计算精度提供技术支撑. 相似文献
17.
太湖流域水环境综合治理力度空前,太湖总磷浓度却于2015、2016年重回升势,蓝藻大面积暴发情况也未得到有效遏制.本文从2015和2016年环太湖河道的进出太湖水量、总磷负荷量计算入手,结合雨情、水情、太湖调蓄以及人为影响等各方面因素,分别开展水量和总磷负荷质量的平衡分析.在此基础上,结合20102017年环太湖河流多年平均进出太湖总磷负荷量对比,分析太湖总磷的外源、内源变化趋势及来源,探讨2015和2016年太湖总磷升高的原因及控制重点方向.结果表明,2015和2016年为太湖流域丰水年,尤其是2016年发生特大洪水,太湖年内最高水位达4.87 m,仅次于1999年的4.97 m的历史最高水位.2015和2016年大量外源总磷负荷进入太湖,其中环太湖河道带入的总磷负荷量占年度太湖总磷负荷总量的66.8%和74.2%,成为进入太湖的总磷负荷的主要外源;加之,2015年太湖水生植物收割造成当年沉水植物面积较上年同期下降88.7%,水生植物骤减导致对磷的吸收转化能力下降,滞留在湖体中的总磷负荷量占年度太湖总磷负荷总量的21.5%和27.5%,成为影响太湖水体总磷浓度的重要内源.太湖总磷浓度升高又为太湖蓝藻暴发进一步提供了营养盐基础,亟需强化太湖总磷源头的控制、减少总磷入湖总量. 相似文献
18.
太湖是太湖流域最大的调蓄水体,合理地推求太湖流域设计暴雨,对于太湖设计洪水位确定非常重要.针对近年来太湖流域变化环境造成的暴雨特性及产汇流机制的变异,采用水文水动力学模型模拟分析了现状条件下太湖流域设计暴雨控制时段及时空分布对太湖洪水位影响.结果表明,以30、60、90日为控制时段的设计雨量与太湖最高洪水位关联密切,控制时段低于30日的暴雨时程分配对太湖最高洪水位基本没有影响.当设计暴雨中心位于太湖上游区域时,模拟的太湖洪水位具有明显升高的趋势,表明太湖洪水位对上游暴雨更为敏感.分析了1999、2016、2020年暴雨为典型的设计暴雨场景,结果表明,暴雨时程分配对太湖洪水位影响显著,主雨峰位于暴雨后期的设计暴雨可以造成更高的太湖洪水位.从太湖防洪安全考虑,采用30、60、90日为控制时段,暴雨中心位于上游,且雨峰位于暴雨过程后期的设计暴雨推求太湖洪水位是合适的.建议将2016、2020年暴雨过程列入太湖设计暴雨计算的备选典型,并作进一步分析论证. 相似文献
19.
河网水质管理决策支持系统在引江济太中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用太湖流域河网水质管理决策支持系统（TAIHU DSS）,对2000年夏季望虞河应急调水进行了技术方案比较,论证,重点对望虞河引江应急调水过程中,常熟枢纽泵站运用,望虞河东岸分流与否及望虞河立交开闸前对底水的处理等不同条件下的望虞河入湖水量,水质等进行多方案比较,为望虞河启用泵站调水、东岸适当分流,先打开蠡河船闸处理望虞河底水的方案提供了决策的技术依据,并引发了对太湖流域引江济太工作的进一步深入研究和实践,是决策支持系统在实际工作中的成功应用之一。 相似文献