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1.
2008年南海夏季风活动概述   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
由NCEP再分析资料、向外长波辐射(OLR)和GPCP卫星导出(IR)GPI的日降水分析得到:2008年南海夏季风于5月2候在南海爆发,时间较常年(5月4候)偏早,10月第2候结束,时间较常年(9月6候)偏晚。南海夏季风爆发后,由于受强冷空气影响,南海夏季风北推影响到华南地区的时间较常年偏晚。尽管2008年南海夏季风强度较常年偏弱,其仍存在明显的季节内振荡过程,主要周期为30~60天。由于南海地区和我国华南地区的水汽辐合增强以及南海夏季风活动北界在35 °N附近维持时间较长(大约7候),华南、长江中下游和淮河流域的夏季降水异常增多。  相似文献   

2.
南海季风爆发的年代际转折与东亚副热带夏季降水的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用1979—2016年NCEP再分析资料, 分析了南海季风爆发的年代际转折与东亚副热带夏季降水的关系。结果表明:南海夏季风爆发时间在1993/1994年出现年代际转变, 1979—1993年爆发时间相对偏晚, 夏季华南降水偏少, 长江中下游至日本南部降水偏多; 1994—2016年爆发时间偏早, 夏季华南降水偏多, 长江中下游到日本南部降水偏少。南海季风爆发时间年代际转折与夏季东亚副热带降水关系可能受到菲律宾越赤道气流强度的调控, 季风爆发时间与菲律宾越赤道气流有显著正相关, 且均在1993/1994年间存在年代际转变。在1994—2016(1979—1993)年南海夏季风爆发偏早(晚), 菲律宾越赤道气流偏弱(强), 澳大利亚北部有偏北(南)风异常, 将暖池的热量往赤道输送, 使得赤道对流增强(减弱), 产生异常上升(下沉)运动汇入Hadley环流上升支, 增强(减弱)的Hadley环流导致下沉主体偏北(南), 促使副高脊线偏北(南), 从西北太平洋(孟加拉湾)往华南地区(江淮到日本南部)输送水汽增强, 所以华南(江淮到日本南部)夏季降水偏多。   相似文献   

3.
2014年海洋和大气环流异常及对中国气候的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
王朋岭  周兵  柳艳菊  李清泉  王东阡 《气象》2015,41(4):489-496
本文基于实时、历史观测资料和再分析资料,综合分析2014年海洋和大气环流异常特征,并讨论这些异常特征对中国气候的主要影响。分析表明:2013/2014年冬季,极涡偏向西半球,东亚冬季风和西伯利亚高压均偏弱,导致我国冬季气温总体偏高。受冬季风强度季节内变化影响,前冬暖、后冬冷。2014年赤道中东太平洋形成一次厄尔尼诺事件,4月以来热带印度洋全区一致海温模态正位相维持发展,受暖海温外强迫影响,夏、秋季西太平洋副热带高压强度偏强、位置偏南,主汛期我国东部降水呈“北少南多”型异常分布。2014年南海夏季风爆发异常偏晚,强度偏弱。东亚夏季风强度偏弱,有利于我国东部主汛期雨带偏南,江南梅雨区和长江中下游梅雨区梅雨量偏多,北方大部夏季降水偏少。  相似文献   

4.
东亚副热带西风急流位置变化与亚洲夏季风爆发的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张耀存  况雪源 《湖北气象》2008,27(2):97-103
利用1961~2000年的NCEP/NCAR候平均再分析资料,初步探讨了季节转换期间东亚副热带西风急流南北和东西向位置变化与亚洲季风爆发之间的联系。结果表明,亚洲夏季风爆发伴随着东亚副热带西风急流轴线的北跳和急流中心西移,急流轴北跳至35°N以北的青藏高原上空,南支西风急流消失,亚洲季风环流形势建立。南海季风爆发早年,低纬的东风向北推进的时间早,到达的纬度偏北,中纬的西风急流强度偏弱,季风爆发晚年则相反。同时,南海夏季风爆发早年,青藏高原上空急流核出现较早,西太平洋上空急流核减弱较快,急流中心“西移”较早。而在南海夏季风爆发晚年,西太平洋上空的急流核减弱较迟,青藏高原上空急流核形成偏晚,急流中心“西移”较迟。此外,急流中心东西向位置和强度变化与江淮流域梅雨的开始和结束也有密切关系。  相似文献   

5.
南海夏季风爆发与大气对流低频振荡的年际变化   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
根据1980~1991年云顶黑体温度(TBB)相位和强度的变化确定了南海夏季风爆发的时间,分析研究了夏季风爆发期间TBB场和850hPa风场的变化过程及其与海温的关系。结果表明:南海夏季风爆发平均时间是5月第4候,它爆发的时间和强度有显著的年际变化,并与大气的低频振荡及前期海洋的热力状况有密切关系。南海夏季风爆发早年(4月第6候),副热带高压较弱,撤离南海较快,从赤道东印度洋到赤道西太平洋,大气对流活动较强,夏季风爆发南海早于孟加拉湾,季风爆发时90~100°E区域过赤道气流显著加强。夏季风爆发晚年(6月第1候)情况相反。南海夏季风爆发早晚与大气30~60天振荡到达南海的位相有关,前冬和早春南海海温的高低和4月中旬至5月中南半岛强对流区的出现时间,是南海夏季风爆发年际变化的前期征兆。根据前冬南海海温预测1998年南海夏季风爆发的时间和强度与实际相符。  相似文献   

6.
南海夏季风期间水汽输送的气候特征   总被引:23,自引:3,他引:20  
通过分析NCEP/NCAR 1973~1998年(共26年)4~8月的再分析比湿场和风场资料,研究了南海夏季风期间的水汽输送特征.夏季,东亚上空水汽水平输送特征在各月有很大差异,这是夏季风环流系统演变的结果.孟加拉湾南部地区是中国长江中下游和南海地区重要的水汽源地,来自上游孟加拉湾南部地区的水汽输送对南海季风的爆发具有重要意义.经向水汽输送主要有利于20~30°N之间华南地区的水汽辐合.从总的收支看,南海地区是一个水汽汇区.南海季风爆发早晚年的水汽输送通道存在明显差别.在爆发偏早年,从赤道印度洋到南海地区的输送通道建立早且维持时间长,4~5月南海易成为水汽辐合区;在偏晚年,南海地区水汽则是辐散的,不利于形成季风性降水.南海季风爆发早晚年与长江中下游旱涝年的水汽输送有一定联系.  相似文献   

7.
2012年华南前汛期降水特征及环流异常分析   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
袁媛  任福民  王艳姣  孙冷  郭艳君 《气象》2012,38(10):1247-1254
2012年华南前汛期于4月第2候开始,6月第5候结束。前汛期降水经历了三个不同的阶段:第一阶段是4月第2候至5月第3候的降水集中期(锋面降水),江南大部和华南大部降水偏多25%以上,第二阶段是5月第4候至6月第2候的少雨期,华南中部和东部降水偏少50%以上,第三阶段是6月第3—5候的第二个降水集中期(季风降水),江南东南部至华南中西部降水偏多50%以上。对各阶段大气环流距平场的分析结果表明:华南前汛期开始后,偏强的乌拉尔山高压脊导致南下的冷空气偏强,偏强的低层副热带高压使得我国南方为整层水汽输送的异常辐合区,两者共同导致华南前汛期第一阶段的锋面降水较常年同期偏多;南海夏季风在爆发后偏弱和西北太平洋副热带高压(以下简称副高)持续3候异常偏北是导致第二阶段前汛期降水明显偏少的主要原因;第三阶段,南海夏季风异常偏强,副高南落并增强,以及孟加拉湾季风槽的偏强使得华南前汛期此阶段的季风降水偏多。  相似文献   

8.
东亚副热带季风雨带建立特征及其降水性质分析   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
任珂  何金海  祁莉 《气象学报》2010,68(4):550-558
利用1961—2006年NCEP/NCAR再分析数据集和TRMM、CMAP多年平均逐候降水资料,分析了中国东部副热带季风雨季的起始时间、建立特征及其降水性质。结果表明,第16—18候,在中国江南南部和华南北部地区(25°30°N)日降水率达到6 mm/d,且范围较大,在低层该雨带的水汽主要来源于西太平洋副热带高压南侧转向的西南水汽输送,其源地即为西太平洋副热带季风雨季开始。雨带建立同时,东亚副热带地区中东太平洋的纬向海平面气压梯度首先在中纬度发生反转,即西低东高(相应于西暖东冷)。中国东部副热带地区出现加热中心并伴有上升运动,强度逐渐增强,并伸展至对流层顶,其强度及对流高度与热带地区相当,对流层中低层大气呈对流不稳定,降水已具有对流性降水性质。与此同时,南海西太平洋地区仍在副热带高压控制之下,盛行下沉运动,无降水产生,南海夏季风及其相应的水汽输送尚未建立。东亚副热带季风雨带的建立(3月底4月初)早于热带夏季风雨带,两雨带分别具有独立的热源中心和上升运动。南海夏季风即将爆发之际,赤道地区加热中心快速北移至南海地区,与副热带地区热源相互作用。  相似文献   

9.
诊断分析了北半球夏季来自印度季风的水汽输送与东亚上空水汽输送的关系,发现二者之间具有反相变化的特征。印度季风水汽输送偏强(偏弱)时,东亚上空的水汽输送偏弱(偏强),长江中下游降水偏少(偏多)。印度夏季风水汽输送与西太平洋副热带高压强度有显著的相关关系,印度季风水汽输送偏强(偏弱)时,西太平洋副热带高压强度偏弱(偏强),由此导致副高西侧东亚上空向北的水汽输送减弱(增强),使得长江中下游降水偏少(偏多)。对反映热带对流活动的外逸长波辐射(OLR)的分析表明,印度洋上空的对流加热异常不仅能够显著地影响印度季风,也可能对东亚季风产生直接的影响。  相似文献   

10.
章大全  袁媛  韩荣青 《气象》2023,(3):365-378
2022年汛期,国家气候中心准确预测了“全国气候年景总体偏差,区域性、阶段性旱涝灾害明显,降水空间差异显著,主要多雨区在我国北方”的总趋势,较好、较早把握了汛期主雨带位置和全国旱涝分布。对东亚夏季风和雨季季节进程“南海夏季风5月第3候爆发,长江中下游入梅偏早,梅雨量偏少,以及华北雨季开始偏早,雨量偏多”的预测与实况一致。对夏季台风生成个数较常年偏少,盛夏出现北上台风可能性大的预测与实况基本吻合。准确预测了全国平均气温趋势和高温异常特征。对“夏季我国中东部大部气温偏高,华东、华中、新疆等地高温日数较常年同期偏多,可能出现阶段性高温热浪”的预测与实况一致。主要不足之处是对长江中下游和川渝地区高温干旱的范围和极端程度估计不足。2022年汛期预测重点考虑连续La Ni?a事件和印度洋偶极子负位相对东亚夏季风环流的影响,夏季西太平洋副热带高压强度偏强,脊线位置偏北,东亚夏季风偏强,初夏东北冷涡活跃,导致汛期主雨带位于东北、华北和西北地区东部等地。  相似文献   

11.
1998 SCSMEX期间亚洲30-60天低频振荡特征的分析   总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34  
对1998年 5-8月南海季风试验(SCSMEX)期间东亚地区 850 hPa中低纬环流指数、东亚季风指数和长江中下游降水进行了Morlet 小波分析,结果表明在此期间这些要素均有明显的30-60天周期低频振荡。在此基础上对 5-8月每隔 5天的 850 hPa低频流场进行分析,结果表明:(1)100°-150°E间东亚从中国东中部大陆经南海和西太平洋的南北半球中明显的存在一个以30-60天低频荡为特征的东亚季风低频环流系统,东亚季风活动主要受东亚季风系统中低频活动影响;(2)5月第5候南海热带季风爆发、6月中旬长江中下游人梅及产生大暴雨以及7月中旬以后的该地区大暴雨均与低频气旋带在该地区活动有关,而8月长江上游大暴雨则与低频反气旋伸人到大陆有关;(3)SCSMEX期间东亚低频振荡系统的源地有二个,即南海赤道和北半球中太平洋中高纬。南海低频系统向北传播,而中高纬低频系统自东北向西南传播为主。长江中下游6、7月二次大暴雨均与上述二个低频气旋系统自热带向北和中高纬向西南传播并于长江中下游汇合有关;(4)5-8月间东亚季风系统中有二次低频气旋带和二次低频反气旋带活动,这些低频环流系统的活动与印度季风低频环流系统活动并无明  相似文献   

12.
南海夏季风演变的气候学特征   总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17  
王启  丁一汇 《气象学报》1997,55(4):466-483
本文总结南海北部地区夏季风演变的气候学特征,发现南海地区5月第3候对流层高层东风和北风爆发,对流层低层西风第1次跃升,东亚经向季风环流圈开始形成,这可以成为南海地区夏季风爆发的标志。对流层低层西风在6月中旬开始的第2次连续跃升对应江淮地区的梅雨爆发期。类似地,中国大陆夏季对流层低层5月初和6月初有两次爆发性增暖过程,第2次比第1次强烈得多。南海北部地区对流层低层纬向风速、比湿盛夏呈双峰型,纬向风速峰值分别出现在6月第5候和8月第4候,比湿峰值分别出现在6月第6候和8月第5候。比湿突升对应纬向风速突升,但略落后于风速峰值出现的时间。南海北部地区季风爆发前,温度是波动式上升的,南海季风爆发后,温度是波动式下降的。中国大陆东部及南海地区夏季对流层低层比湿分布有3次突变,即4月中旬南海北部比湿突增,并开始出现高比湿中心,而南海南部为最大比湿中心;5月中旬最大比湿中心已从南海南部跳到了南海北部-华南并向江淮流域扩展;6月中旬江淮流域比湿突增并一直维持到8月,同时南海南部高比湿带消失。而5月中旬OLR有一次突变,OLR低值区爆发性向北扩张,这对应于南海地区夏季风的爆发。而孟加拉湾地区夏季风演变的气候学特征与南海地区有较  相似文献   

13.
    
The wavelet analysis is performed of the mid- and low-latitude circulation index at 850 hPa over East Asia, the East Asian monsoon index and the precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 1998 South China Sea Monsoon Experiment (SCSMEX) from May to August. Analysis shows that distinct 30–60 day low-frequency oscillation (LFO) exists in all of the above elements during the exper-iment period. Analysis of low-frequency wind field at 850 hPa from May to August with 5 days interval is performed in this paper. Analysis results reveal that: (1) A low-frequency monsoon circulation system over East Asia, characterized by distinct 30–60 day low-frequency oscillation, exists over 100°-150°E of East Asian area from the middle and eastern parts of China continent and the South China Sea to the western Pacific in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. The activity of East Asian monsoon is mainly af-fected by the low-frequency systems in it; (2) All of the tropical monsoon onset over the South China Sea in the fifth pentad of May, the beginning of the Meiyu period and heavy rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in mid-June and the heavy rainfall after mid-July are related to the activity of low-frequency cyclone belt over the region, whereas the torrential rainfall over the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in August is associated with the westward propagation of low-frequency anticyclone into the mainland; (3) There are two sources of low-frequency oscillation system over East Asia during SCSMEX. i.e. the equatorial South China Sea (SCS) and mid-high latitudes of the middle Pacific in the Northern Hemisphere. The low-frequency system over SCS propagates northward while that in mid-high latitudes mainly propagates from northeast to southwest. Both of the heavy rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in June and July are associated with the northward propagation of the above-mentioned SCS low-frequency systems from the tropical region and the southwestward propagation from mid-high latitudes respectively and their convergence in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River; (4) There are two activities of low-frequency cyclone and anticyclone belt each in the East Asian monsoon system during May to August. However the activity of these low-frequency circulation systems is not clearly relevant to the low-frequency circulation system in the Indian monsoon system. This means that the low-frequency circulation systems in Indian monsoon and East Asian monsoon are independent of each other. The concept previously put forward by Chinese scholars that the East Asian monsoon circulation sys-tem (EAMCS) is relatively independent monsoon circulation system is testified once more in the summer 1998. This work was supported by the key project A of the State Ministry of Science and Technology “South China Sea Monsoon Experiment” and the fruit of it.  相似文献   

14.
东亚地区夏季风爆发过程   总被引:72,自引:5,他引:67  
利用中国194站1961~1995年日降水资料及NCEP1979~1997年候格点降水资料,探讨了亚洲地区自春到夏的雨季开始分布。结果表明,东亚地区自春到夏存在副热带季风雨季开始和热带季风雨季开始。前者于4月初开始于华南北部和江南地区,随后向南和向西南扩展,于4月末扩展到华南沿海和中南半岛,这个雨带主要是冷空气和副热带高压西侧转向的SW风以及南亚地区冬春副热带南支西风槽中西风汇合而形成的,是副热带季风雨季开始。后者是南海热带季风爆发后使原来由江南移到华南沿岸的副热带季风雨带随副热带高压北进而北进,前汛期雨季进入盛期,江南出现第二次雨峰,形成梅雨期和江淮及华北雨季。同时,热带季风雨带也自东向西传播到达南亚地区而形成热带季风雨季。还讨论了1998年东亚地区夏季风爆发过程,指出南海夏季风爆发期的季风由副高北侧形成的新生气旋进入南海造成南海中部西风和南海越赤道气流转向的SW季风加强汇合而形成,因而是东亚季风系统中环流系统季节变化造成的,和印度季风无关。在南海季风爆发期阿拉伯海仍由副热带反气旋控制,南亚仍是上述副热带反气旋北侧NW风南下后转向的偏西副热带气流所控制,索马里低空急流仍未爆发,赤道西风并未影响南海。  相似文献   

15.
Using daily observational rainfall data covered 194 stations of China from 1961 to 1995 and NCEP model analyzed pentad precipitation data of global grid point from 1979 to 1997,the distribution of onset date of rainy season over Asian area from spring to summer is studied in this paper.The analyzed results show that there exist two stages of rainy season onset over East Asian region from spring to summer rainy season onset accompanying subtropical monsoon and tropical monsoon respectively.The former rain belt is mainly formed by the convergence of cold air and the recurred southwesterly flow from western part of subtropical high and westerly flow from the so-called western trough of subtropical region occurring during winter to spring over South Asia.The latter is formed in the process of subtropical monsoon rain belt over inshore regions of South China Sea originally coming from south of Changjiang (Yangtze) River Basin advancing with northward shift of subtropical high after the onset of tropical monsoon over South China Sea.The pre-flood rainy season over South China region then came into mature period and the second peak of rainfall appeared.Meiyu,the rainy season over Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin and North China then formed consequently.The process of summer tropical monsoon onset over South China Sea in 1998 is also discussed in this paper.It indicated that the monsoon during summer tropical monsoon onset over South China Sea is the result of the westerly flow over middle part of South China Sea,which is from the new generated cyclone formed in north subtropical high entering into South China Sea,converged with the tropical southwesterly flow recurred by the intensified cross-equatorial flow.  相似文献   

16.
ON THE PROCESS OF SUMMER MONSOON ONSET OVER EAST ASIA   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
Using daily observational rainfall data covered 194 stations of China from 1961 to 1995 andNCEP model analyzed pentad precipitation data of global grid point from 1979 to 1997,thedistribution of onset date of rainy season over Asian area from spring to summer is studied in thispaper.The analyzed results show that there exist two stages of rainy season onset over East Asianregion from spring to summer rainy season onset accompanying subtropical monsoon and tropicalmonsoon respectively.The former rain belt is mainly formed by the convergence of cold air and therecurred southwesterly flow from western part of subtropical high and westerly flow from the so-called western trough of subtropical region occurring during winter to spring over South Asia.Thelatter is formed in the process of subtropical monsoon rain belt over inshore regions of South ChinaSea originally coming from south of Changjiang (Yangtze) River Basin advancing with northwardshift of subtropical high after the onset of tropical monsoon over South China Sea.The pre-floodrainy season over South China region then came into mature period and the second peak of rainfallappeared.Meiyu,the rainy season over Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin and North China thenformed consequently.The process of summer tropical monsoon onset over South China Sea in 1998is also discussed in this paper.It indicated that the monsoon during summer tropical monsoononset over South China Sea is the result of the westerly flow over middle part of South China Sea,which is from the new generated cyclone formed in north subtropical high entering into SouthChina Sea,converged with the tropical southwesterly flow recurred by the intensified cross-equatorial flow.  相似文献   

17.
利用1979—2013年夏季全球2.5°×2.5°逐日环流资料和中国气象站点降水观测资料,采用动力学因子(西南风)与热力学因子(Radiation Longwave covting, OLR)相结合定义了标准化的亚洲热带夏季风指数(Tropical Summer Monsoon Index, TSMI)。结果表明,该指数能够很好地描述亚洲热带夏季风的年际变化和准4 a变化特征,并能够指示中国南方夏季降水的异常变化和东亚大气环流特征。强(弱)亚洲热带夏季风年,印度夏季风槽和南海夏季风槽加强加深(减弱),孟加拉湾海域一致西南风(东风)异常,越赤道急流向北输送偏强(偏弱),南海季风槽位置偏西(东),南海区域一致西南风异常,西太平洋副热带高压和南亚高压纬向位置分离(重叠),低层气流在长江流域辐散(辐合),华南地区辐合(辐散),长江中下游流域出现异常下沉(上升)运动,造成长江流域降水偏少(偏多),华南地区降水比常年偏多(偏少)。  相似文献   

18.
By using 40-year NCEP reanalysis daily data (1958-1997), we have analyzed the climatic characteristics of summer monsoon onset in the South China Sea (105°E ~ 120°E, 5°N ~ 20°N, to be simplified as SCS in the text followed) pentad by pentad (5 days). According to our new definition, in the monsoon area of the SCS two of the following conditions should be satisfied: 1) At 850hPa, the southwest winds should be greater than 2m/s. 2) At 850 hPa, θse should be greater than 335°K. The new definition means that the summer monsoon is the southwest winds with high temperature and high moisture. The onset of the SCS summer monsoon is defined to start when one half of the SCS area (105°E ~ 120°E,5°N ~ 20°N) is controlled by the summer monsoon. The analyzed results revealed the following: 1) The summer monsoon in the SCS starts to build up abruptly in the 4th pentad in May. 2) The summer monsoon onset in the SCS is resulted from the development and intensification of southwesterly monsoon in the Bay of Bengal. 3) The onset of the summer monsoon and establishment of the summer monsoon rainfall season in the SCS occur simultaneously. 4) During the summer monsoon onset in the SCS, troughs deepen and widen quickly in the lower troposphere of the India; the subtropical high in the Western Pacific moves eastward off the SCS in the middle troposphere; the easterly advances northward over the SCS in the upper troposphere.  相似文献   

19.
A Study of the Teleconnections in the Asian-Pacific Monsoon Region   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
The interactions among the Asian-Pacific monsoon subsystems have significant impacts on the climatic regimes in the monsoon region and even the whole world. Based on the domestic and foreign related research, an analysis is made of four different teleconnection modes found in the Asian-Pacific monsoon region, which reveal clearly the interactions among the Indian summer monsoon (ISM), the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), and the western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM). The results show that: (1) In the period of the Asian monsoon onset, the date of ISM onset is two weeks earlier than the beginning of the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Basin, and a teleconnection mode is set up from the southwestern India via the Bay of Bengal (BOB) to the Yangtze River Basin and southern Japan, i.e., the "southern" teleconnection of the Asian summer monsoon. (2) In the Asian monsoon culmination period, the precipitation of the Yangtze River Basin is influenced significantly by the WNPSM through their teleconnection relationship, and is negatively related to the WNPSM rainfall, that is, when the WNPSM is weaker than normal, the precipitation of the Yangtze River Basin is more than normal. (3) In contrast to the rainfall over the Yangtze River Basin, the precipitation of northern China (from the 4th pentad of July to the 3rd pentad of August) is positively related to the WNPSM. When the WNPSM is stronger than normal, the position of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) becomes farther northeast than normal, the anomalous northeastward water vapor transport along the southwestern flank of WPSH is converged over northern China, providing adequate moisture for more rainfalls than normal there. (4) The summer rainfall in northern China has also a positive correlation with the ISM. During the peak period of ISM, a teleconnection pattern is formed from Northwest India via the Tibetan Plateau to northern China, i.e., the "northern" teleconnection of the Asian summer monsoon. The  相似文献   

20.
利用NCEP2.5°×2.5°再分析资料、NOAA的OLR资料、常规观测降水资料以及历史梅雨特征指数等资料,系统地分析了2011年梅汛期南亚高压、副热带高压、季风和对流系统等的演变特征,以揭示2011年梅雨期降水异常的成因。分析表明: 2011年入梅和出梅均偏早,旱涝急转迅速,降水集中,梅雨总量异常偏多;南亚高压和西太平洋副热带高压北跳、500 hPa西风带环流的调整、西南季风北涌至长江流域的时间均早于常年是2011年入梅偏早的原因。ITCZ的北抬伴随强热带风暴“米雷”北上引起副热带高压的北抬东退是出梅偏早的主要原因;南亚高压和副热带高压位置和强度迅速调整,同时中高纬度环流也快速调整,西南季风和水汽输送也由弱转强,使得长江中下游地区由受冬季风控制迅速转为冷暖气流的汇合地,且此期间大气层结不稳定,降水强度大。以上原因导致该区域出现迅速的旱涝急转;梅雨期间,西太平洋副热带高压和高空西风急流稳定偏强,强盛的季风涌、中高纬度冷空气和青藏高原对流扰动东传的有利配置导致了2011年梅雨总量异常偏多。  相似文献   

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