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1.
p—σRCM模式对中国区域气候季节变化的模拟   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
通过对区域气候季节变化的模拟,对p-σ坐标系区域气候模式的模拟能力进行了检验,模式较准确地再现了中国区域气候系统的季节性变化特征及中国东部降水带的季节性进退,模拟的各气候区域水的季节变化趋势也与实况基本相符,但模式低估了华东和华南地区的春季降水,而高估了华东,西南和西北地区的秋季降水。  相似文献   

2.
区域气候模式RIEMS对东亚气候的模拟   总被引:10,自引:4,他引:6  
利用区域环境集成系统模式对东亚地区进行了1987年1月到1996年12月的长期积分试验,重点考察了区域气候模式对东亚地区区域气候平均状况的模拟能力.结果表明:(1) RIEMS模式能够较好地模拟出不同季节温度的空间分布以及不同区域温度的年变化;同时模式模拟的季和月平均表面大气温度与观测之间偏差大约一般在1~2℃.(2)对于降水来说,RIEMS模式能够较好地模拟降水的季节变化以及空间分布特征;同时,也能够较好地模拟不同区域降水的年变化.就季节而言,模式模拟的冬季降水最好,相对较差的为夏季;同时,模式能够较好地模拟雨带季节性移动,但模拟的雨带较观测的雨带偏北,大约为2~3纬度.(3)RIEMS模式能够模拟出东亚地区观测的湿润和干旱分布规律,但对于西北干旱区较观测偏干.    相似文献   

3.
华东地区极端降水动力降尺度模拟及未来预估   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
利用CMIP5(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5)数据集中的全球模式IPSL-CM5A-LR及其嵌套的区域气候模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting),分别评估了模式对1981~2000中国华东区域极端降水指标的模拟能力,并讨论了RCP8.5排放情景下21世纪中期(2041~2060年)中国华东极端降水指标的变化特征。相比驱动场全球气候模式,WRF模式更好地再现了各个极端指数空间分布及各子区域降水年周期变化。在模拟区域气候特点方面,WRF模拟结果有所改进,并在弥补全球模式对小雨日过多模拟的缺陷起到了明显的作用。21世纪中期,华东区域的降水将呈现明显的极端化趋势。WRF模拟结果显示年总降雨量、年大雨日数、平均日降雨强度在华东大部分区域的增幅在20%以上;年极端降雨天数、连续5 d最大降水量的增幅在华东北部部分区域分别超过了50%和35%,同时最长续干旱日在华东区域全面增加;且变化显著的格点主要位于增加幅度较大的区域。未来华东区域会出现强降水事件和干旱事件同时增加的情况,降水呈现明显的极端化趋势,且华东北部极端化强于华东南部。  相似文献   

4.
王世玉  钱永甫 《大气科学》2003,27(5):798-810
利用所发展的P-σ九层区域气候模式较成功地模拟了东亚地区区域气候的季节与年际变化,结果表明,初夏南亚高压的季节性变化与亚洲夏季风的建立具有密切关系,成功地模拟出了降水的季节变化,但夏季降水模拟较差.实际嵌套场的引入,使降水模拟得以改善.实际海温的引入使得南亚高压的模拟增强,而西太平洋副高的模拟则与西太平洋暖池地区的海温具有密切关系,在厄尔尼诺年,与使用月平均海温相比,副高有明显的增强或减弱,副高对暖池降温的响应具有不确定性.  相似文献   

5.
区域气候模式REMO对东亚季风季节变化的模拟研究   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
将欧洲区域气候模式REMO首次应用于东亚区域,利用该模式对1980年和1990年东亚季风季节变化进行了模拟研究,并将模拟结果与NCEP再分析资料进行比较,以检验该模式对东亚季风的模拟能力.研究表明,区域气候模式REMO能够较好地模拟出东亚地区高、低空的大气环流特征,模拟的高度场、流场和温度场与NCEP再分析资料场都比较一致.模拟结果显示了东亚季风的月变化和季节转换特征.模拟的降水场与GPCC降水资料的对比结果表明,REMO能较为成功地模拟出东亚地区降水的空间分布,并能较好地反映降水的季节变化及主要降水趋势,夏季降水模拟偏大,整个区域平均的降水量偏差约为18%左右.  相似文献   

6.
RegCM3区域气候模式对中国气候的模拟   总被引:37,自引:2,他引:35       下载免费PDF全文
使用RegCM3区域气候模式嵌套ERA40再分析资料,对东亚地区进行了15 a(1987-2001年)时间长度的数值积分试验。结果表明:模式可较好地模拟中国地面气温的分布和季节变化,但存在系统性的冷偏差;对降水的变化模拟也较好,但其地理分布模拟存在一定偏差。  相似文献   

7.
区域气候模式对东亚季风和中国降水的多年模拟与性能检验   总被引:43,自引:9,他引:43  
李巧萍  丁一汇 《气象学报》2004,62(2):140-153
利用高分辨率区域气候模式 (NCC/RegCM)对 1998~ 2 0 0 2年的东亚环流及中国区域降水进行了数值模拟。对模拟结果的检验表明 ,模式能较真实地模拟出东亚地区多年平均的月季环流特征、季风的年变化、中国各主要气候区温度、降水的季节变化及中国主要雨带的季节性进退。但模拟的气温场在夏季对流层中、低层海洋偏暖、陆地偏冷 ,由于温度场的这种系统性误差加大了夏季海、陆温差 ,导致模拟的东亚夏季风偏强 ,使夏季雨带位置向北偏移 ,从而使华北地区降水估计偏高 ,没能很好地反映最近 5a来中国降水呈南涝北旱的气候特征。模式中地形的作用及云 辐射参数化方案等的处理可能是模拟误差的主要来源 ,这也反映了模式对于准确模拟中国区域降水的长期异常分布还比较困难 ,今后应进一步改进模式的模拟能力。  相似文献   

8.
区域气候模式对东亚气候时空演变特征的模拟研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
利用区域环境集成模式系统对东亚地区进行了1987年1月到1996年12月的长期积分试验,重点采用经验正交函数分析方法分析和比较模式模拟及观测气候主分量时空特征,从而考察区域气候模式对东亚地区的区域气候模拟能力.结果表明:(1) RIEMS能够较好地抓住地面气温年平均状况及其年变化和年际变率的主要特征;(2)尽管模式对降水的模拟能力没有对地面气温模拟的强,但RIEMS模式基本上能够模拟出降水的空间分布以及降水的季节变化特征,同时能够抓住降水的年际变率.    相似文献   

9.
黑碳气溶胶对我国区域气候影响的数值模拟   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
利用区域气候模式RegCM3模拟研究了黑碳气溶胶对我国区域气候的影响。以2000年1、4、7、10月为代表,计算分析了黑碳气溶胶的辐射强迫作用、对大气温度和降水的影响及其季节变化特征。模拟结果显示:黑碳气溶胶在大气层顶产生正的辐射强迫,在地表产生负的辐射强迫;黑碳气溶胶的加入使中国大陆地区地面温度发生明显变化,并呈现显著的季节特征,即1月大部分地区的地面温度均有升高;7月北方增温、南方降温;4月和10月地面温度的变化不明显。模拟结果也表明,黑碳气溶胶的排放使我国长江中下游等南方地区夏季降水增加,而北方部分地区降水减少。  相似文献   

10.
IPCC A2情景下中国区域气候变化的数值模拟   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8  
在政府间气候变化委员会(IPCC)排放情景特别报告 (SRES)的A2情景下,利用CSIRO Mark3海气耦合模式模拟现代和未来2个10年的模拟结果,驱动MM5区域气候模式进行中国未来区域气候变化的数值模拟试验,研究了IPCC A2情景下未来中国温度、降水和环流等的变化趋势.结果表明,(1)区域气候模式MM5V3能够再现气候平均环流、降水和温度分布的主要特征,具有较好的区域气候变化模拟能力;(2)IPCC A2情景下,未来中国平均地面气温将有明显的升高,特别是中国的东北、西北和西南地区增幅超过了1 ℃.冬季,地面平均气温的增幅由南至北逐渐增加;夏季,在内蒙和中国西南地区有明显的增温.伴随温度的升高,降水也有明显的变化,年平均降水在中国的东北地区、江淮流域及以南大部分地区都有明显的增强,而中国华北部分地区及西南、西北大部分地区降水将呈减少趋势.不同季节不同地区的降水变化也不同,秋季华北、华南和江淮地区降水都增加,而冬季减少.降水的年内变化也有所增强.  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, two seasonal scale simulations were conducted for the abnormal climate event in China in the summer of 1998 using a regional climate model (RegCM3). One is the control run, the other is nudging run, which was performed for zonal and meridional wind components, temperature, and humidity data for the region east of 120° E in the model domain to ensure that the simulated activity of western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) in summer followed those of reanalysis data, while the interaction between the WPSH and the surrounding circulation systems was still maintained partially. Comparisons between the simulated regional circulation systems and the extension/withdrawal of the rain belt over eastern China as well as the activity of the WPSH were carried out. The results show that the relationship between the precipitation over eastern China and WPSH can be reproduced well in the nudging run. However, though the extension/withdrawal of the rain belt over eastern China is mainly dominated by that of WPSH, as pointed out by so many research works, the detailed precipitation scenario is not solely determined by the intensity and position of WPSH, and the precipitation discrepancy between simulation and observation is significant to some extent, which suggests that it is important to improve the precipitation physical process of the model in simulating the detailed precipitation scenario over eastern China.  相似文献   

12.
RegCM3对东亚环流和中国气候模拟能力的检验   总被引:31,自引:1,他引:31  
使用RegCM3区域气候模式,嵌套ERA40再分析资料,对东亚地区进行了15年(1987~2001年)时间长度的数值积分试验,分析了模式对东亚平均环流及中国地区气温和降水的模拟。结果表明,模式对东亚平均环流的特征和中国地区降水、地面气温的年、季地理分布和季节变化特征均具有一定的模拟能力,对气温和降水年际变率的模拟也较好。此外模式模拟在测站稀少地区,可以提供局地如降水分布更可靠的信息。模式对气温的模拟存在1-3℃的系统性冷偏差;对中国地区降水地理分布的模拟也存在一定偏差,如对年平均降水的模拟中,降水最大值位置与观测有一定差距,特别是对冬季降水中心的模拟存在较大偏差。模式模拟的夏季降水,在中国北方地区总体偏大100-200 mm,南方总体偏小100-200 mm。模式对地面气温的模拟效果好于降水。  相似文献   

13.
SIMULATION OF PRESENT CLIMATE OVER EAST ASIA BY A REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A 15-year simulation of climate over East Asia is conducted with the latest version of a regional climate model RegCM3 nested in one-way mode to the ERA40 Re-analysis data. The performance of themodel in simulating present climate over East Asia and China is investigated. Results show that RegCM3 can reproduce well the atmospheric circulation over East Asia. The simulation of the main distribution patterns of surface air temperature and precipitation over China and their seasonal cycle/evolution, are basically agree with that of the observation. Meanwhile a general cold bias is found in the simulation. AS for the precipitation, the model tends to overestimate the precipitation in northern China while underestimate it in southern China, particularly in winter. In general, the model has better performance in simulating temperature than precipitation.  相似文献   

14.
We present an analysis of a regional simulation of present-day climate (1981–1990) over southern South America. The regional model MM5 was nested within time-slice global atmospheric model experiments conducted by the HadAM3H model. We evaluate the capability of the model in simulating the observed climate with emphasis on low-level circulation patterns and surface variables, such as precipitation and surface air mean, maximum and minimum temperatures. The regional model performance was evaluated in terms of seasonal means, seasonal cycles, interannual variability and extreme events. Overall, the regional model is able to capture the main features of the observed mean surface climate over South America, its seasonal evolution and the regional detail due to topographic forcing. The observed regional patterns of surface air temperatures (mean, maxima and minima) are well reproduced. Biases are mostly within 3°C, temperature being overestimated over central Argentina and underestimated in mountainous regions during all seasons. Biases in northeastern Argentina and southeastern Brazil are positive during austral spring season and negative in other seasons. In general, maximum temperatures are better represented than minimum temperatures. Warm bias is larger during austral summer for maximum temperature and during austral winter for minimum temperature, mainly over central Argentina. The broad spatial pattern of precipitation and its seasonal evolution are well captured; however, the regional model overestimates the precipitation over the Andes region in all seasons and in southern Brazil during summer. Precipitation amounts are underestimated over the La Plata basin from fall to spring. Extremes of precipitation are better reproduced by the regional model compared with the driving model. Interannual variability is well reproduced too, but strongly regulated by boundary conditions, particularly during summer months. Overall, taking into account the quality of the simulation, we can conclude that the regional model is capable in reproducing the main regional patterns and seasonal cycle of surface variables. The present reference simulation constitutes the basis to examine the climate change simulations resulting from the A2 and B2 forcing scenarios which are being reported in a separate study.  相似文献   

15.
1. Introduction As an important way to study the global climate change, because of its low resolution, GCM (general circulation model) shows obvious deficiency and uncer- tainty in capturing some regional features when used in the regional climate study, and the uncertainty is even serious in regional climate simulation over East Asia (Ding et al., 2000; Zhao and Luo, 1998; Qian et al., 1999). The high-resolution regional climate model (RegCM) developed in the 1980s can provide better simu…  相似文献   

16.
Cut-off lows (COLs) are significantly associated with many convective events and anomalous regional climate in the Northeast China. By using 49-year NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, COL events are detected and tracked by an objective and automatic method based on synoptic concept model. Based on this dataset and daily rain-gauge records in Northeast China during 1979–2005, seasonal climatology of COLs and associated precipitation patterns over Northeast China are investigated. Most COLs have a short lifetime of less than a week and have a spatial size ranging from 500 to 1,000 km, with slight seasonal differences. Temporal variation of COL occurrence exhibits a seasonal cycle, with a peak in summer, and considerable interannual variability. The COLs tend to occur more frequently over the northern Northeast China Plain, and the center for maximum frequency shows a zonal oscillation, with an extension to continent in summer and a shift to western North Pacific coast in winter. Most COLs form to the east of Lake Baikal and decay over the western North Pacific coast. COLs are apt to move along east or southeast passages around the year, and tracks are relatively more complicated in warm seasons. About a quarter of annual mean precipitation over Northeast China is associated with COLs. Moreover, COL-associated precipitation contributes greatly to total precipitation in northern and northwestern parts of Northeast China, and the ratios of COL contribution are stronger during spring and autumn than in summer.  相似文献   

17.
土壤湿度影响中国夏季气候的数值试验   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
利用"全球土壤湿度计划第2阶段"提供的土壤湿度资料强迫区域气候模式RegCM3,通过数值试验讨论了土壤湿度对东亚夏季气候模拟效果的影响。结果表明,合理考虑土壤湿度的作用,能够提高区域气候模式对中国夏季降水和2 m气温的空间分布型及逐日变化的模拟效果;模拟结果与观测的相关分析显示,降水和2 m气温的年际变化都得到了有效改进,这种改进在气温上尤为明显。不过上述改进具有区域依赖性。数值试验结果表明,气温对土壤湿度的敏感性强于降水,这也从一个侧面说明提高降水模拟效果的难度。总体而言,合理的土壤湿度能够提高区域气候模式对中国夏季气候的模拟能力。因此,合理描述土壤湿度的变化,是提高中国夏季气候预报技巧的潜在途径之一。  相似文献   

18.
西南地区植被变化与气温及降水关系的初步分析   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
利用卫星遥感植被归一化指数(NDVI)资料和西南地区96个实测台站的月平均气温以及降水资料,初步分析了西南地区植被变化与气温及降水的关系。结果表明:近20年来西南地区植被覆盖状况较好,其中夏季植被覆盖最好,冬季植被分布空间差异最大;西南地区植被整体呈增加趋势,同时也存在较明显的季节和区域差异:春季西南大部分地区植被以增加为主,夏季、秋季全区以减少为主,冬季则以增加为主且存在明显的东西反向特征,东部减少西部增加。时滞互相关分析表明:西南地区11~2月份的植被对超前其1~2个月的气温以及夏季的植被对春季气温的敏感性比较大,3~4月的植被生长对上年夏季的降水敏感性比较大;同期时,1~3月植被和气温为正相关关系,6~9月的植被生长和降水为明显的负相关关系;在植被超前气候的条件下,1~2月的植被和滞后1~2个月的气温呈正相关关系,与滞后1个月的降水有明显的负相关关系。   相似文献   

19.
西北植被覆盖对我国区域气候变化影响的数值模拟   总被引:92,自引:20,他引:72  
吕世华  陈玉春 《高原气象》1999,18(3):416-424
使用美国NCAR区域气候模式RegCM2研究了西北植被覆盖面积变化对我国区域气候变化的影响。共设计了三组试验,即西北植被面积扩大试验,控制试验和植被面积缩小试验。  相似文献   

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