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针对FY3D/MERSI和EOS/MODIS的云检测问题,提出了一种基于深度学习技术的全自动云检测算法,首次将深度学习引入到卫星影像云检测领域。本算法使用深度全卷积神经网络(Deep Convolutional Neural Networks)作为核心结构,基于EOS/MODIS基本云检测原理选择合适的通道作为特性向量参数,针对不同的场景进行分类和网络模型的训练,最终得到基于深度学习的云检测模型。经过EOS/MODIS数据和FY3D/MERSI数据的测试,云检测的精度达到98%以上,可以看出基于深度学习的云检测算法能够用于云检测,该算法具有效率高、精度高等特点,云检测效果理想。 相似文献
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基于深度学习的高分辨率光学影像云检测过程中,云和云阴影及其边缘细节丢失较为严重,主要原因在于不同尺度空间语义信息特征融合存在不足。针对该问题,本文构建一种基于深度学习的多尺度特征融合网络（Multi-scale Feature Fusion Network, MFFN）的云和云阴影检测方法,该算法结合防止网络退化的残差神经网络模块（Res.block）、扩大网络感受野的多尺度卷积模块（MCM）和提取并融合不同尺度信息的多尺度特征模块（MFM）。试验表明,本算法能提取丰富的空间信息与语义信息,可取得较为精细的云与云阴影掩模,具有较高检测精度,其中云检测准确率达0.9796,云阴影检测准确率达0.8307。同时,该工作可为深度学习技术应用于业务云检测提供理论支持及技术储备。 相似文献
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云检测是卫星遥感影像应用中的重要环节。为了获取FY-3中分辨率光谱成像仪(Medium Resolution Spectral Imager,MERSI)传感器精确的云掩膜数据,在分析云与植被、水体、裸露地表等地物在不同波段光谱差异的基础上,结合FY-3/MERSI数据的通道特性,构建基于多光谱和综合阈值的云检测算法。采用热红外通道亮温(CH_5)检测出高云,使用云检测指数(Normalized Cloud Detection Index,I_(NCD))和可见光波段反射率(CH_3)检测中低云。利用江西地区的FY-3/MERSI数据进行应用,将检测结果与其他算法、人机交互解译结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,该算法对FY-3/MERSI影像上的云区具有较好的检测效果,同时利用地面气象观测资料进行验证,检测精度均高于88%,能够满足当前云检测精度需求。 相似文献
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针对在基于机器学习的云图识别中,由于不存在公认的云分类样本库的现实条件下,带来的训练样本数量不足和不平衡,从而难以获得可靠的分类模型的问题,利用迁移学习中的多源加权Tradaboost算法(内部采用极限学习机作为分类器)来进行卫星云图云的检测。利用多人(多源)标注的大量厚云的样本,构成多源辅助样本集;利用少量标注的薄云样板构成目标样本集。使用迁移学习和辅助样本集,对仅在薄云样本集下的训练获得的极限学习机分类器进行辅助训练,提高其薄云识别率。基于国家卫星气象中心的HJ-1A/B的卫星数据实验结果表明,迁移学习可以充分利用容易获得的大样本厚云辅助样本知识,对同类型有关联的小样本薄云分类器进行识别提高。实验表明,迁移学习算法可以进一步用于更多多源样本和其他云分类的任务。 相似文献
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海雾无论在海上还是在沿岸地带，都因其恶劣的能见度对交通运输、海洋捕捞和海洋开发工程以及军事活动等造成不良影响，因此对于海雾的实时监测和预报就显得尤为重要。本文提出了基于深度学习的静止气象卫星多通道图像融合分割算法，使用D LinkNet深度卷积神经网络语义分割算法模型对黄渤海海域范围的16通道、空间分辨率为0.5 km的Himawari 8卫星数据进行研究。分别采用均交并比（mIOU）以及观测值检验作为评价指标，在测试集上的mIOU为0.9436，并且用卫星测试数据结果与海上观测数据结果进行对比，得出雾区准确率（检测有雾且真实有雾/检测有雾）为66.5%，雾区识别率（检测有雾且真实有雾/（真实有雾-云覆盖））为51.9%，检测正确率(检测正确/总样本)93.2%。本文提出的方法能为海雾监测提供一个可靠的参考。 相似文献
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多阈值和神经网络卫星云图云系自动分割试验 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
卫星云图自动分割是实现卫星云图云系自动识别的基础.选用1992~1994年和1997~1998年夏季有典型天气系统的177幅GMS红外云图建立了云系模型库, 云系分类样本3079个, 包含16类云系, 云系分割样本2764个.利用云系分割样本集进行神经网络试验, 训练集为从32幅云图中抽取的484个样本, 测试集为从145幅云图中抽取的2280个样本, 神经网络模型训练正确率达到98.8%, 测试正确率为86.4%.用1997年7月18~21日和1998年6月15~17日的两组卫星云图做自动分割应用试验, 结果经专家判识, 正确率达到90%以上.本文的工作表明:用多阈值和人工神经网络相结合方法对卫星云图进行云分割在实际应用中是可行的. 卫星云图自动分割系统的输入是GMS红外云图, 输出是分割出的每一个云区, 同时还包括云区的边界链码、起始点、周长、面积, 并保留了原始图像数据.在下一步的云系识别过程中, 可以在此基础上进行云系分类识别试验. 相似文献
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采用基于Xception卷积神经网络算法构建了一个海雾能见度识别的框架,通过对海雾能见度探测设备同位置摄像头监控图像的采集,将图像样本结合能见度数据进行标签分类,利用迁移学习结合Xception网络进行训练,提取图像能见度特征,构建能见度等级估测模型,实现能见度等级的估测。通过对浙江省宁波市北仑区三山大闸摄像头监控进行图像的采集,抽取万余有效样本进行训练,进行能见度等级识别结果分析,结果显示模型识别精度可达99.36%,验证集准确率可达99.20%。基于Xception算法的海雾能见度等级估测方法如果在数据集健康准确的情况下,能够满足海雾能见度实时性和识别准确率的要求,可以作为未安装能见度探测设备地区的能见度等级辅助监测方法。 相似文献
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传统的模式识别难以对土地遥感影像一次性精确统计分析.在精确分割出土地种类的前提下,本文提出了一种基于骨干网络为ResNet-101-RPN的Mask R-CNN的遥感影像土地分割与轮廓提取方法.该方法包括以下步骤：数据获取、图像去雾、遥感影像土地统计分析、土地分割和轮廓获取.在一个具有挑战性的卫星地图瓦片数据集上对所提出的方法进行训练和测试.实验结果表明,该方法以0.907的均值平均精度（mAP）和31.33像素的均值平均距离误差（mADE）获得了令人满意的不同种类土地分割和轮廓提取结果. 相似文献
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点云分类是激光点云数据处理的重要环节,探索自动、高效、高精度的点云分类方法具有重要意义.通过分析同机获取的LiDAR点云与高分辨率光学影像的特点,提出了融合无人机LiDAR与高分辨率光学影像的点云分类方法.首先将LiDAR点云投影到二维平面并构建不规则三角网模型,然后寻找同名点对完成与光学影像的配准与融合,进而将光学影像的光谱信息赋予无人机LiDAR点云,接着从光学影像上提取光谱特征、从LiDAR点云上提取多尺度几何特征构建分类特征集,进一步通过CFS特征选择算法实现特征集的降维,最后运用随机森林分类算法实现点云分类.实验结果表明,本文分类方法的总体精度可达89.5%,Kappa系数为0.844,与未经特征选择的分类结果相比精度提高了1.1个百分点,与单纯依靠LiDAR或者光学影像的分类相比,精度分别提高了5.4和14.9个百分点.本文方法不仅有效避免了基于点云属性内插构建新的图像融合方式带来的计算误差,同时解决了单尺度下构建几何特征时难以确定最优空间分析尺度的问题,并且对特征集进行优化选择从而有效提高了数据处理的效率. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,(3):273
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences 相似文献