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利用1966—2016年南川国家站的逐日降水观测资料,分析了南川降水的年内分布及次季节变化和暴雨的气候变化特征、年际、年代际和趋势变化特征。结果表明:南川降水的年内分布差异大,降水量峰值出现在6月,月降水强度最大在7月;南川的降水具有明显的次季节变化,且准双周变化信号(10~25 d)大于低频季节内振荡(25~90 d);南川的暴雨日数和暴雨量与年降水量有很好的正相关性;暴雨出现在3—11月,其分布呈单峰型,峰值出现在6月;年平均暴雨日为2.5 d,暴雨日数年际变化的线性趋势不显著;暴雨日总降水量在1966—1994年存在10~12 a的年代际变化信号,在1996—2016年主要存在13~15 a的年代际变化信号,在1976—1984年还存在2~4 a的年际变化信号;南川的暴雨特征量年际、年代际变化大,但没有显著的升降趋势,说明南川暴雨的总体气候特征是比较平稳的。 相似文献
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利用1961—2008年逐日降水资料,在对比我国东南部各地区气候态降水特征的基础上,着重探讨了江南地区(110~120°E、24~30°N)雨季降水的季节内变化特征及其年际、年代际变化规律。结果表明:1)江南雨季气候态降水的季节内变化具有明显的双峰型特征,两个峰值集中期分别是4、6月中旬前后。4月中下旬第一个降水峰值率先出现在江南地区,之后峰值降水南移,于6月上中旬华南地区达峰值集中期,之后强降水才逐渐北移,6月中下旬又回至江南地区,使江南地区降水达第二个峰值集中期。2)我国江南地区区域平均的双峰降水与4—6月的实际降水之间的相关系数达0.69,这表明双峰型降水确实反映了江南雨季降水的季节内演变特征。3)江南雨季降水双峰型的季节内变化特征具有明显的年际、年代际变化周期。年际变化周期为2~3 a,强信号主要集中在20世纪60年代后期到70年代中期以及80年代中期到21世纪初;年代际变化周期约为8~10 a,在整个时间域上都存在,最强信号集中在80年代初到90年代末期。4)年代际尺度上,江南雨季降水的季节内变化特征(双峰型态)具有隔代显著的特征,即20世纪60、80年代及21世纪初双峰型特征显著,而20世纪70、90年代双峰型特征不显著。 相似文献
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利用潮州1957—2007年逐日降水资料,统计分析其年、季降水气候特征及暴雨气候特征;应用MHF小波方法分析年降水量及暴雨日数的多时间尺度特征。结果表明：（1）潮州年降水量总体呈上升趋势,前汛期降水量对全年雨量的贡献逐渐下降,后汛期则相反;汛期开始月份及汛期降水强弱的年际变化明显,汛期结束月份年际变化不显著;降水偏多异常,各月差别不大,偏少异常,各月差别很大;4—8月最易发生降水异常。（2）暴雨主要发生在4—9月,暴雨气候事件初发时间有提前趋势,但近51 a暴雨日数总体上无明显增加。（3）年降水量存在3.5 a、18.4 a的主要时间尺度;暴雨日数存在4.6 a、12.1 a主要时间尺度。（4）整个时间域上,降水量和暴雨日数均存在较好的对应关系,不同尺度和时期这种对应特征略有不同。 相似文献
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近50a长江中下游不同量级暴雨的年代际变化特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用1966—2015年中国地面气候资料数据集降水数据,对长江中下游地区春、夏、秋三季不同量级暴雨的年代际变化特征进行了研究。结果表明,暴雨在各季节变化特征明显不同,不同量级间也存在明显差异。暴雨在春秋季变化平稳,但在夏季呈现1990s频发,2000年之后少发的特征,并存在准20 a周期变化。大暴雨则在近30 a来呈现频发的特征,其中春季大暴雨在2010年之后显著增加,秋季大暴雨则在2000年之后明显增加。特大暴雨发生概率很小,但夏季特大暴雨在1990s之后一直呈现频发的趋势,并表现为准32 a的周期变化特征,秋季特大暴雨在2000年之后明显频发。大暴雨、特大暴雨在各季节均表现为近十几年来显著增加的趋势。暴雨和大暴雨均存在明显年代际跃变,这种跃变在暴雨、大暴雨频发的区域增幅更为显著。 相似文献
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近59年来广州市暴雨的变化特征 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0
利用1951～2009年广州市逐日降水资料,采用统计分析方法,对近59年来广州市暴雨的逐月分布及年际与年代际变化特征进行统计,并分析了暴雨的初终日变化及持续天数,结果表明:广州每年除12月外每个月都有暴雨出现,但主要集中在4～9月,暴雨日数具有单峰特征,峰值出现在5月;大暴雨日数具有双峰型特征,峰值分别出现在5、6与8... 相似文献
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利用贵阳市国家地面气象观测站1963—2018年逐日降水资料,分析近56 a贵阳市暴雨气候特征。结果表明:贵阳市暴雨以一般性暴雨最为频繁（占86.7%）,区域暴雨与局地暴雨发生频次相当;该市暴雨开始于3月,结束于11月,集中于6月中旬—7月中旬;暴雨贡献率及暴雨日数整体呈现出增多趋势,年降水量中暴雨平均贡献率为17.7%;年暴雨日数与年降水量的年际变化趋势较为密切,即暴雨日数较多年,年降水量较多,暴雨日数较少年,年降水量较少;近56 a贵阳暴雨日数序列存在准2~4 a的振荡周期;暴雨频次时间序列在世纪60年代初到80年代中后期、21世纪00年代初到10年代初为较少期,20世纪80年代末期到90年代初、21世纪10年代中期至今为较多期。 相似文献
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利用1967—2017年近51a兴安盟8个国家级气象观测站的逐日降水资料,采用线性倾向估计、11a滑动平均和EOF分解等统计方法,对当地暴雨的气候特征、暴雨的年际和年代际变化以及暴雨的时空演变特征进行分析,结果表明:(1)兴安盟暴雨日数的中心轴线呈南北走向,正好位于西风带上大兴安岭的背风坡沿线;而暴雨雨量大值区域主要位于东部,由蒙古高原向松辽平原过渡的低海拔地区。(2)近51a来兴安盟暴雨日数呈减小的负增长趋势,并经历了偏少—显著偏多—显著偏少—偏多4个阶段。(3)暴雨日数EOF分解前两个模态可以代表兴安盟暴雨日数空间分布类型的一半以上,依次表现为全盟一致型和东—西反向型。 相似文献
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江淮梅雨期极端降水的气候特征 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：13
应用1959—2000年江淮地区76站逐日降水资料,对梅雨期月降水量进行REOF分解。将江淮区分为4个具有不同梅雨期降水空间分布特征的区域,进而分别分析这4个区域梅雨期暴雨以上极端降水的季节、年际和年代际变化特征,以及周期振荡和突变性质。结果表明:4个区暴雨以上极端降水总量和极端降水日数最大值均发生在梅雨期,梅雨期极端降水呈上升趋势,且具有不同的年际和年代际变化特征;江淮西南区梅雨期暴雨总量和暴雨日数在20世纪90年代还存在明显上升突变现象;4个区梅雨期极端降水存在不同时间尺度的周期振荡。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献