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EnSRF雷达资料同化在一次飑线过程中的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文利用包含复杂冰相微物理过程的WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模式,针对2007年4月23日发生在我国华南地区的一次典型飑线天气过程,分别进行了确定性预报和集合预报试验,发现确定性预报能大致捕捉到飑线系统的发生发展过程,但对飑线后部的层云区模拟效果较差。集合预报能够有效地减少模式的不确定性,大部分集合成员对飑线的模拟效果优于确定性预报。进一步将集合预报得到的40个成员作为背景场,采用EnSRF（Ensemble Square Root Filter）同化多普勒天气雷达资料,并将分析得到的集合作为初始场进行集合预报,通过与未同化雷达资料的集合对比,考察了EnSRF同化多部雷达资料对飑线系统的影响。结果表明:EnSRF雷达资料同化增加了模式初始场的中小尺度信息,大部分集合成员的分析场能够较准确地再现飑线的热力场、动力场和微物理场的细致特征,并且模拟出飑线后部的层云结构。通过对EnSRF分析的集合进行模拟发现,大部分集合成员较未同化雷达资料时模拟效果有明显改善。同化后的集合预报ETS（Equitable Threat Score）评分最高,其次是未同化的集合预报,确定性预报的最低。 相似文献
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集合方根滤波同化多普勒雷达资料在一次飑线过程中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对2005年7月12日发生在山东省中西部地区的一次飑线天气过程,采用集合方根滤波方法开展基于WRF模式的多普勒雷达资料的同化应用试验,考察了此同化系统对实际雷达资料的同化效果。主要结论如下：（1）集合方根滤波同化系统能有效同化实际雷达资料,雷达资料的加入增加了模式的中小尺度信息,使分析场得到了显著改善,有效缩短了模式起转时间,改进了对地面降水的预报。（2）利用三次同化分析后的集合平均分析场进行的确定性预报表明,与控制试验相比,同化后分析场能更准确地预报飑线系统的微物理量场,预报的流场结构符合风暴的动力特征,动力场和热力场的分布与配置也基本合理。（3）集合平均分析场对飑线系统传播方向的预报与实况一致,但预报的系统传播速度较实况快,由于对流系统的非线性发展迅速,对系统的预报时效为5—6 h。 相似文献
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基于集合和奇异值分解的三维变分同化方法(SVD-En3DVar)对2009年6月14日江苏地区的一次飑线过程进行多普勒雷达资料同化预报数值试验,以检验该方法在这类尺度较小的强对流天气过程中的同化应用效果。同时,还讨论了SVD-En3DVar的分块局地化方案中水平半径对此次飑线过程同化效果的敏感性,并应用WRF 3DVar进行了平行对比试验。数值试验结果表明,应用SVD-En3DVar方法同化多普勒雷达资料后能够有效调整风场、比湿和位温等状态变量,同化预报结果对分块局地化方案中水平半径参数较为敏感,水平分块半径为50 km时对组合反射率的预报效果最好。SVD-En3DVar和WRF 3DVar两种同化方法同化雷达资料后都能够提高雷达组合回波的预报水平,但SVD-En3DVar方法的效果明显优于WRF 3DVar同化系统,对回波带位置及其向东南方向发展趋势的预报和观测回波较为一致。 相似文献
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《高原气象》2016,(3)
基于集合和奇异值分解的三维变分同化方法(SVD-En3DVar)对2009年6月14日江苏地区的一次飑线过程进行多普勒雷达资料同化预报数值试验,以检验该方法在这类尺度较小的强对流天气过程中的同化应用效果。同时,还讨论了SVD-En3DVar的分块局地化方案中水平半径对此次飑线过程同化效果的敏感性,并应用WRF 3DVar进行了平行对比试验。数值试验结果表明,应用SVD-En3DVar方法同化多普勒雷达资料后能够有效调整风场、比湿和位温等状态变量,同化预报结果对分块局地化方案中水平半径参数较为敏感,水平分块半径为50 km时对组合反射率的预报效果最好。SVD-En3DVar和WRF 3DVar两种同化方法同化雷达资料后都能够提高雷达组合回波的预报水平,但SVD-En3DVar方法的效果明显优于WRF 3DVar同化系统,对回波带位置及其向东南方向发展趋势的预报和观测回波较为一致。 相似文献
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利用WRF（Weather Research Forecast）模式及其3D-Var（Three-Dimensional Variational assimilation）变分系统,针对2017年7月7日一次飑线进行了雷达资料的循环同化敏感性试验。结果表明：以循环同化雷达资料至飑线成熟期时刻的试验预报效果最好,主要原因在于预报的低层西北冷空气较强,从而导致较强的低层切变,再配合强的热力不稳定条件从而使飑线的发展得以维持。通过七组试验对比表明,对于单次雷达资料,同化的时机更为重要。同化飑线成熟阶段的雷达反射率,对低层热力层结有改善作用,为飑线发展提供了不稳定能量;对于循环同化,通过观测的影响和模式自身的热动力调整,对流场也有较好的修正作用,为对流系统的持续发展提供了充分的动力条件。 相似文献
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选用WRF(weather research and forecasting)模式及其3D-Var(three-dimensional variation)同化系统,针对2018年3月4日发生在江西的一次罕见强飑线天气,探讨同化多普勒雷达不同观测资料对极端雷暴大风天气模拟预报的影响。结果表明:仅同化由雷达反射率反演的雨水、雪和霰粒子以及由其估算的水汽不能稳定改善模式对飑线雷达反射率的预报效果,尤其对地面大风和降水的预报起反效果;当联合同化雷达反射率与雷达径向风资料后,显著改进了模式对飑线发展演变过程中雷达反射率、地面降水和地面大风的预报效果,雷达反射率的同化呈现显著正效果。原因是仅同化雷达反射率对初始水成物及热力场影响较大,而对动力场调整微弱,随着积分时间增加,热力场对动力场的反馈作用不真实,高层出现虚假辐散风场,飑线前侧模拟出虚假层状云区,且未能改进飑线系统低层垂直风切变、冷池以及对流层中下层后侧入流的模拟,模拟的飑线移动和演变过程与实况有很大差距;当联合同化雷达反射率与雷达径向风资料后明显调整了初始动力、热力和水成物场,物理配置更符合实际,形成更有利于强飑线发生的垂直风切变和风场结构,产生与实况接近的强冷池,模拟结果与实况的吻合度明显高于仅同化雷达径向风资料的试验。 相似文献
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COSMIC资料在GRAPES全球三维变分同化系统的初步研究 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
利用COSMIC获得的GPS无线电掩星数据所反演得到的大气温湿度廓线资料,在GRAPES全球三维变分同化系统中做连续循环同化试验,研究了加入COSMIC资料后得到的GRAPES分析场及其5天中期预报是否有所改善。研究结果表明：通过加入COSMIC资料连续循环同化得到的分析场,相对原来没有加COSMIC资料连续同化出来的GRAPES分析场有明显改善,由此GRAPES全球模式全球5天中期预报水平有明显提高,其中加入没有稀疏化后COSMIC资料对南半球GRAPES分析场的改善以及GRAPES全球模式5天中期预报水平的提高都比较显著;加入稀疏化后的COSMIC资料对北半球GRAPES分析场的改善以及GRAPES全球模式5天中期预报水平的提高都有比较显著的效果。 相似文献
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北京奥运期间多模式降水检验及集成试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用2008年奥运期间(6-10月)所使用的多种中尺度数值预报业务运行模式GRAPES_MESO15km(GRAPES)、华北中尺度模式(MM5)和北京区域气象中心的快速更新循环同化预报系统(RUC),对北京市24小时定量降水预报产品采用多个统计量进行了较详细的统计检验,并应用多元回归方法对多种模式的降水预报产品进行了集成试验.检验结果表明: GRAPES_MESO15km模式对奥运期间北京市晴雨及小雨预报具有较好的预报能力,而RUC产品对中雨及以上量级的降水预报则表现出较好的预报效果,这对今后北京市精细化降水预报具有一定参考价值. 相似文献
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基于GSI的华南地区对流尺度快速循环同化预报试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对对流尺度快速循环同化系统多次循环同化带来的预报效果改进和资料应用问题,利用GSI同化技术和WRFARW区域模式,设计了华南地区对流尺度快速循环同化方案,对2016年4月17一18日华南地区的飑线天气强降水过程进行模拟试验,分析不同循环同化方案和雷达径向风资料同化对雷达回波、相对湿度、降水量级等的预报效果,以期提高华南地区飑线强降水过程预报技巧。检验结果表明:尽管只同化常规资料对预报效果的改进有局限性,但是多次循环同化对于模式预报的降水有一定改善作用;同时同化雷达径向风资料与常规资料对湿度和降水等模拟技巧均有所提高,大雨以上量级的ETS评分改进尤为明显;尽管模式模拟降水峰值小于真实观测值,但同化雷达径向风资料有效改善了飑线最强时段内的垂直上升速度,使得强降水发生时间和强度更接近真实观测。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
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Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
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Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(1):67
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome.SUBMISSIONAll submitted 相似文献
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<正>With the support of specialized funds for national science institutions,the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration set up in October 2008 an experiment base for marine meteorology and a number of observation systems for the coastal boundary layer,air-sea flux,marine environmental elements,and basic meteorological elements at Bohe town,Maoming city,Guangdong province,in the northern part of the South China Sea. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献