共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
国家气象中心台风数值模式的改进及其应用试验 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：9
在国家气象中心台风数值模式中进行了扩大预报区域,两次嵌入人造台风模型和模式网格初始移动3个方案试验。试验结果表明:3个方案对台风路径预报效果都有所改进。该文还介绍了应用国家气象中心台风数值模式进行台风中心强度预报的进展。 相似文献
2.
利用PSU／NCAR中尺度非静力有限区域MM5及其伴随模式，以T106分析资料为背景场，设计两种台风Bogus方案对台风的初始场进行优化，并进行了数值模拟试验。对9608号台风个例的数值模拟试验研究表明，经过优化的台风初始场较好地改进了由于海洋上资料缺乏所造成的台风中心位置不准、台风环流偏弱和台风内部结构不完整等问题，提高了台风路径预报的准确率。通过试验对比发现，BDA方案优化的初始场更合理，其台风路径预报效果优于GFDL方案。 相似文献
3.
台风路径统计预报的改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用数值预报产品并采用多种预报方案相结合建立了台风路径的统计释用综合预报模式，从而提高了台风路径预报的技巧。经１９９４年台风季节业务试用，其预报性能比原有的统计预报模式有较大的提高，试验表明，充分利用在预报时可得到的数值预报输出产品的采用多种方案集成是改进台风路径客观的有效途径。 相似文献
4.
关于台风非对称结构与台风路径的数值分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
采用一个有限区域原始方程双向相互作用的移动套网格台风路径数值预报模式，对１９９２年的两个台风进行了５个个例预报试验，结果表明预报路径和实况有很好的一致性，通过对预报个例的台风非对称结构进行分析，发现非对称结构随时间变化与台风移动路径有着比较密切的联系，如能了解实际台风的非对称结构，将有助于提高台风路径预报的水平。 相似文献
5.
2010年西北太平洋台风预报精度评定及分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
按照《台风业务和服务规定》的相关要求,本文对2010年中央气象台编号的14个台风（即1001～1014号西北太平洋热带气旋,以下统称为台风）的业务定位和业务预报精度进行了评定。评定结果表明：国内各家综合预报24h,48h和72h平均距离误差分别为110.0 km（1392次）、210.6 km（945次）和322.4 km（364次）,比2009年相应预报时效有一定减小。国内外各家数值模式同样本比较显示：欧洲中心数值模式（ECMWF）在不同时效路径预报中均表现最好,日本数值模式（JAPN）表现其次。相对于国内各家数值模式,上述两家国外模式的路径预报表现出一定优势。进一步分析发现我国各数值模式与ECMWF模式更大的路径预报水平差距是由于台风移动方向预报差距,而台风移动速度预报相对较好;而日本数值与ECMWF模式的差距更主要的体现在移动速度方面。我国各家模式与ECMWF数值模式初始时效（12 h和24 h）的预报差距比后续预报时效（36 h和48 h）大。随着预报时效延长,国内数值模式与ECMWF模式的预报差距逐步减小。 相似文献
6.
为了指导台风初期的预报和保障，采用主观预报法和客观预报法(以下称数值预报法),分别对常用的4种预报结果进行对比分析。主观预报法选取常用的中、美、日、韩4家机构发布的预报数据，对2021年台风首次主观路径预报准确率和强度预报准确率进行分析，结果表明：各家首次路径预报误差较大，可信度低；首次强度预报结果可信度高。数值预报法选取常用的中国GRAPES、美国NCEP、欧洲ECMWF、日本JMA 4个数值模式预报结果，分析模式路径预报准确率和强度预报准确率，结果表明：欧洲ECMWF路径预报相较其他模式准确性具有绝对优势；强度预报准确率美国NCEP较好。进一步对比了2017—2021年4家数值模式台风预报结果，并对各数值模式的性能发展趋势进行分析。 相似文献
7.
利用美国CAPS的非静力高分辨率区域预报模式ARPS(先进区域预报系统)对0414号台风"云娜"进行数值模拟,模拟结果表明ARPS较好地模拟台风"云娜"的移动路径及台风大暴雨.并着重讨论新一代天气雷达资料对台风"云娜"数值模拟的影响,通过对雷达资料同化进模式与没有雷达资料同化进模式对比模拟的试验结果分析表明:雷达资料进模式,对中高层的风场调整,改进对台风细微结构特征描述,加大近台风中心南侧的西风分量和近台风中心西侧的北风分量,从而改进云娜台风登陆后西行移动路径预报;对扰动温度、雨水混合率、云水混合率及水汽混合率场等调整,改善模式初始场台风中高层成雨条件,对台风降水预报,尤其暴雨的落区、降水分布及其随时间变化的预报有较大改进. 相似文献
8.
利用美国CAPS的非静力高分辨率区域预报模式ARPS（先进区域预报系统）对0414号台风“云娜”进行数值模拟,模拟结果表明ARPS较好地模拟台风“云娜”的移动路径及台风大暴雨。并着重讨论新—代天气雷达资料对台风“云娜”数值模拟的影响,通过对雷达资料同化进模式与没有雷达资料同化进模式对比模拟的试验结果分析表明：雷达资料进模式,对中高层的风场调整,改进对台风细微结构特征描述,加大近台风中心南侧的西风分量和近台风中心西侧的北风分量,从而改进云娜台风登陆后西行移动路径预报;对扰动温度、雨水混合率、云水混合率及水汽混合率场等调整,改善模式初始场台风中高层成雨条件,对台风降水预报,尤其暴雨的落区、降水分布及其随时间变化的预报有较大改进。 相似文献
9.
TBB资料揭示的亚澳季风区季节转换及亚洲夏季风建立的特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
发展了一个用于台风路径预报的初始场人造台风方案。该方案除包含对称台风环流外,也考虑了非对称风的作用。使用双向移动套网格模式作的试验预报结果表明,初始场中引入人造台风后能明显提高径预报的水平。 相似文献
10.
基于BDA扰动法的台风路径集合预报试验研究 总被引：7，自引：7，他引：7
提出一种新的方法（BDA扰动方法）对台风路径进行集合预报。BDA扰动方法是基于BDA同化方案。通过扰动台风的中心位置和台风强度得到一系列模型台风，将之分别同化到同一环境场中得到一系列扰动初始场，从而对台风进行集合预报的方法。本文选取四个台风个例进行数值试验，将直接用BDA方案同化初始场的模拟结果与采用BDA扰动方法模拟的结果进行比较，发现：利用BDA扰动方法对台风路径进行集合预报能进一步提高路径预报精度；同时发现：对于BDA扰动方法，若与初始定位扰动相结合，5hPa的台风强度扰动幅度可能比10hPa的更适宜。 相似文献
11.
The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
12.
Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG Shili TIAN Xuemei Lü Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell W. WALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas A. MARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi WANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(9):933-938
正While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly, aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East China. As the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia, reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of China. Although satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions, long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are sparse. In addition, there is still no consensus on 相似文献
13.
Observed daily precipitation data from the National Meteorological Observatory in Hainan province and daily data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis-2 dataset from 1981 to 2014 are used to analyze the relationship between Hainan extreme heavy rainfall processes in autumn (referred to as EHRPs) and 10–30 d low-frequency circulation. Based on the key low-frequency signals and the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) model forecasting products, a dynamical-statistical method is established for the extended-range forecast of EHRPs. The results suggest that EHRPs have a close relationship with the 10–30 d low-frequency oscillation of 850 hPa zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north, and that they basically occur during the trough phase of the low-frequency oscillation of zonal wind. The latitudinal propagation of the low-frequency wave train in the middle-high latitudes and the meridional propagation of the low-frequency wave train along the coast of East Asia contribute to the ‘north high (cold), south low (warm)’ pattern near Hainan Island, which results in the zonal wind over Hainan Island and to its north reaching its trough, consequently leading to EHRPs. Considering the link between low-frequency circulation and EHRPs, a low-frequency wave train index (LWTI) is defined and adopted to forecast EHRPs by using NCEP CFSv2 forecasting products. EHRPs are predicted to occur during peak phases of LWTI with value larger than 1 for three or more consecutive forecast days. Hindcast experiments for EHRPs in 2015–2016 indicate that EHRPs can be predicted 8–24 d in advance, with an average period of validity of 16.7 d. 相似文献
14.
Based on the measurements obtained at 64 national meteorological stations in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region between 1970 and 2013, the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) in this region was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation and its sensitivity to maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), wind speed (Vw), net radiation (Rn) and water vapor pressure (Pwv) was analyzed, respectively. The results are shown as follows. (1) The climatic elements in the BTH region underwent significant changes in the study period. Vw and Rn decreased significantly, whereas Tmin, Tmax and Pwv increased considerably. (2) In the BTH region, ET0 also exhibited a significant decreasing trend, and the sensitivity of ET0 to the climatic elements exhibited seasonal characteristics. Of all the climatic elements, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv in the fall and winter and Rn in the spring and summer. On the annual scale, ET0 was most sensitive to Pwv, followed by Rn, Vw, Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the sensitivity coefficient of ET0 with respect to Pwv had a negative value for all the areas, indicating that increases in Pwv can prevent ET0 from increasing. (3) The sensitivity of ET0 to Tmin and Tmax was significantly lower than its sensitivity to other climatic elements. However, increases in temperature can lead to changes in Pwv and Rn. The temperature should be considered the key intrinsic climatic element that has caused the "evaporation paradox" phenomenon in the BTH region. 相似文献
15.
Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献
16.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,(4):227
正AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters (AOSL) publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. 相似文献
17.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,7(6):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） publishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmosphere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
18.
《大气和海洋科学快报》2014,(5):F0003-F0003
AIMS AND SCOPE Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters （AOSL） pub- lishes short research letters on all disciplines of the atmos- phere sciences and physical oceanography. Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
19.
20.
《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正Aims Scope Advances in Atmospheric Sciences(AAS)is an international journal on the dynamics,physics,and chemistry of the atmosphere and ocean with papers across the full range of the atmospheric sciences,co-published bimonthly by Science Press and Springer.The journal includes Articles,Note and Correspondence,and Letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献