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1.
基于EFDC模型的胶州湾三维潮流数值模拟 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
基于环境流体动力学模型(EFDC),采用变边界处理技术,建立了胶州湾三维变边界潮流模型.模型平面采用笛卡尔直角坐标,垂向采用σ坐标变换,利用干湿网格方法模拟胶州湾潮流漫滩过程.研究海域水平流速从表层到底层逐渐衰减,最大流速出现在胶州湾湾口,值为0.98 m·s-1.垂向流速则表现出底层大、表层小的特点,最大流速为30×10-4 m·s-1.模型计算结果与实测资料吻合良好,为潮流数值模拟研究提供了1种新的模型工具. 相似文献
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胶州湾三维变动边界的潮流数值模拟 总被引：35，自引：3，他引：35
基于Blumberg等（1986）的河口、陆架和海洋模式，引入变边界处理技术，建立了胶州湾三维变动边界的潮流模型，模型以σ-正交曲线坐标下三维非线性潮波方程为基本方程，引入2.5阶瑞封闭方程组，采用分裂算子法数值求解方程组，利用湍封闭方程求解垂直紊动粘滞系数，采用干湿网格方法模拟潮流漫滩过程，三维变动边界潮流模型计算结果与实测值吻合良好。 相似文献
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波浪漫滩是近岸波浪的小尺度运动,在实际海域的波生流数值计算中通常被忽略。本文基于Boussinesq方程的FUNWAVE模式,分别采用波浪漫滩边界、固壁边界、海绵边界进行Haller波浪港池物理模型实验的数值模拟,比较三种边界计算结果与实验观测数据的误差,检验波浪漫滩边界对波生流数值计算的影响;然后设计了多种周期、波高的波生流数值模拟试验,分析多种波浪入射条件下波浪漫滩边界对近岸波生流数值计算的影响。结果表明,波浪漫滩对邻近区域波生流有明显影响,漫滩边界下的波生流计算结果更接近实验观测值,在近岸波生流数值模型中引入波浪漫滩边界可以提高波生流计算精度。 相似文献
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象山港内三维动边界潮流的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
象山港是一具有广阔潮滩和大潮差区域的半封闭型海湾,进行数值模拟时必须引入动边界技术来考虑露漫滩的影响.在二维模式中引入动边界技术相对成熟一些,而将这些二维模式使用的露漫滩处理方法简单地搬入三维模式中,常遇到由于边界不连续变动而产生的数值"噪音"及计算不稳定现象.原始POM(Princeton ocean model)模型采用固定边界,没有使用动边界技术,故无法模拟漫滩流.借鉴BURCHARD et al 2004年的研究工作,在原始POM模型的基础上,突破其为固定边界模式的局限,基于尽量使模式物理上满足流动简化需要的原则,引入了一种较为自然的动边界处理技术,使得在非常浅水处和复杂的地形情况下,应用合理的数学表达式体现该物理过程.当总水深大于设定的临界水深时,体现的数学方程是通常形式的动量方程;而当总水深接近设定的最小允许水深时,模型的动量方程被简化为变化率、摩擦力和正压梯度等项之间的平衡关系,此时由于摩擦力占优,相应的流速也会趋于0,这样可以有效避免计算中出现负水深.除在非常浅水处对动量方程作简化外,对于陡坡地形附近的露漫滩问题,当发生一个网格点上的水位低于相邻格点海床的现象时,还需对正压梯度的求解作一个简单的数值处理,以避免不合理值的出现.此外,通过修改原始POM模型的底摩擦系数表达式,可使模型在模拟露漫滩过程时计算更加稳定.改进后的POM模型被用来模拟象山港海域内的三维潮流场,模型计算结果与2个潮位站、1个锚系站和2个船测连续站资料进行了比较,符合良好.整个模型很好地再现了象山港内大区域三维涨、落潮流特征和变化规律,同时象山港顶区域涨憩、落急、落憩和涨急4个特征时刻的流场水平和垂直分布变化过程反映该模型能很好地反映涨、落潮造成的潮间带的露漫滩过程,由此说明对原始POM模型所作的修改是十分有效和可行的,有利于进一步扩充POM模型的应用范围. 相似文献
5.
POM(Princeton Ocean Model)是基于原始方程组的三维斜压海洋模型,其垂向采用σ坐标,便于引入大陆架地形,因此被广泛地应用于河口近岸海域的潮流数值模拟中。但是POM采用固定边界,无法模拟河口近岸海域由于涨落潮而引起的漫滩流。本文概述了国内外动边界技术的研究进展,分析了各种方法的利弊,提出了一种适合于POM模型的干湿法动边界处理技术。该方法以单元为干湿判断对象,保证了水量平衡和计算精度。将该动边界技术引入POM模型中,成功地模拟了南通海域的潮流场,较好地重现了涨落潮造成的潮间带间歇性出没。验证结果表明计算值与实测值吻合较好,真实地反映了该海域的水动力特征。 相似文献
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基于对POM(Princeton Ocean Model)模式的改进,采用Flather-Heaps干湿网格法和两重网格嵌套的数值计算格式,针对天津近岸海域的地形和易受风暴潮漫滩灾害侵袭的特点,建立了天津近岸海域三维动边界风暴潮漫滩模型,对天津近岸区域台风影响下的风暴潮漫滩进行了数值模拟研究。选取7203,8509,9216,9711号典型台风过程,计算了风暴潮漫滩水位变化,通过与塘沽站点实测数据的比较,计算的增水曲线过程与实测结果吻合较好,基本能够真实反映天津近岸的风暴潮水位变化情况及漫滩范围。研究结果验证了改进POM模式为动边界数值模型并应用于浅海区域是可行性的。 相似文献
7.
基于普林斯顿海洋模式,通过干湿网格判别法引入潮汐潮流的漫滩过程,考虑M2,S2,K1,O1,M4和MS4六个主要分潮,建立了胶州湾潮汐潮流数值模拟和预报模型,研究了该海域潮汐潮流特征,并讨论了漫滩对潮流模拟的影响。与实测资料的对比验证表明,该模式能够对胶州湾的潮汐和潮流做出较为合理的预测。给出了胶州湾潮汐、潮流、余流等分布特征,模拟的潮流场以及余流场涡旋等现象与观测符合良好;计算了潮波能通量,从能量角度探讨了潮波的传播特性;对潮位与潮流场演变规律,以及潮能通量的分析表明,胶州湾内的潮波以驻波为主。通过数值试验发现,漫滩过程的引入对胶州湾潮流速度的模拟至关重要,不考虑漫滩过程的模式会夸大或者低估潮流流速。对于滩涂面积广阔的海域来说,潮流数值模式中考虑漫滩的影响是必要的。 相似文献
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极坐标变换变边界模型及其应用 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
Ｊｏｈｎｓ变边界模型用于海湾海域风暴潮漫滩计算是，由于岸界变曲较大，而影响了计算的稳定性和精度，本文针对这个问题，导出了极坐标下的连续移动边界模型，从而改善了对岸界弯曲较大海域的风暴潮漫滩计算，通过对１９６９年黄河口沿岸一带水域风暴潮漫滩的模拟，证明这种极坐标变边界模型用于海湾海域的风暴潮漫滩计算，优于Ｊｏｈｎｓ变边界模型。 相似文献
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The characteristics of three-dimensional (3-D) tidal current in the Oujiang Estuary are investigated according to in situ observations. The Oujiang Estuary has features of irregular coastline, complex topography, many islands, moveable boundary, and submerged dyke, therefore, a 3-D numerical model on an unstructured triangular grid has been developed. The σ coordinate transformation, the moveable boundary and submerged dyke treatment techniques were employed in the model so it is suitable for the tidal simu... 相似文献
12.
文章以山东省警戒潮位核定为基础,对其沿岸验潮站的实测数据情况进行分类;根据不同类别,分别采用相关分析、数值模拟等方法补充实测数据,获得年极值水位序列,并采用极值Ⅰ型方法计算重现期高潮位。在警戒潮位核定中建立年极值水位序列所使用方法的顺序是,有实测数据优先采用实测数据、没有实测数据利用相关关系、没有相关关系再使用数值模拟和调和分析的方法进行。值得注意的是,在使用相关关系建立年极值水位序列中,计算重现期高潮位时一定要满足潮汐性质相同、所受风暴潮过程相似等条件;在使用数值模拟建立年极值水位序列中,须与其全年天文潮最大值进行对比。 相似文献
13.
A procedure to correlate extreme wave heights and extreme water levels in coastal waters using numerical models together with joint probability analysis has been proposed. A third-generation wave model for wave simulation and a three-dimensional flow model for water level simulation are coupled through the surface atmospheric boundary layer. The model has been calibrated and validated against wind, wave and water level data collected in the coastal waters of Hong Kong. The annual maximum wave height and the concomitant water level have been obtained by simulating the annual extreme typhoon event for 50 consecutive years. The results from bivariate extreme value analysis of the simulated data show that the commonly used empirical method may lead to underestimation of the design water level. 相似文献
14.
The main objective of this study is the simulation of flow dynamics in the deep parts of the Caspian Sea, in which the southern and middle deep regions are surrounded by considerable areas of shallow zones. To simulate spatio-temporal wind induced hydrodynamics in deep waters, a conjunctive numerical model consisting of a 2D depth average model and a 3D pseudo compressible model is proposed. The 2D model is applied to determine time dependent free surface oscillations as well as the surface velocity patterns and is conjunct to the 3D flow solver for computing three-dimensional velocity and pressure fields which coverage to steady state for the top boundary condition. The modified 2D and 3D sets of equations are conjunct considering interface shear stresses. Both sets of 2D and 3D equations are solved on unstructured triangular and tetrahedral meshes using the Galerkin Finite Volume Method. The conjunctive model is utilized to investigate the deep currents affected by wind, Coriolis forces and the river inflow conditions of the Caspian Sea. In this study, the simulation of flow field due to major winds as well as transient winds in the Caspian Sea during a period of 6 hours in the winter season has been conducted and the numerical results for water surface level are then compared to the 2D numerical results. 相似文献
15.
胶州湾高分辨率三维风暴潮漫滩数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于海表气压项改进的FVCOM(Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model)海洋模式,研发胶州湾高分辨率三维风暴潮漫滩数值模式(JS-FVCOM).利用 JS-FVCOM 模式通过对天文潮、台风强度和径流3要素的不同组合,共设计了5个试验,分别进行风暴潮漫滩模拟实验.分析各试验结果得到如下结论:(1)随着台风最大风速的增加,风暴潮增水迅速增加,当综合水位超过防潮堤高程后增水速度明显减慢.海水淹没范围和淹没深度受综合水位超防潮堤高程时间影响明显.(2)在入海河流的河口区,当洪水位与高潮位相遇时,由于高潮位的顶托作用,洪水下泄不畅,造成综合水位上升明显,极易发生海水漫溢现象.JS-FVCOM 的模拟结果清楚地再现了海水漫堤的淹没过程,可为紧急情况下的人员疏散提供科学的基础数据. 相似文献
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乐清湾水交换特征研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用EFDC模式模拟研究了乐清湾水交换的三维过程和时空变化特征,并通过计算水示踪剂质量浓度分析水体置换过程。结果表明,乐清湾水交换主要是由鹿西岛两侧流入的外海水体与湾内水体的交换,以及乐清湾口门西侧附近的湾内水体与瓯江北口径流冲淡水之间的交换。从口门到湾顶,水交换能力差别较大。以最窄的连屿至打水山断面为界,以南水体1个月基本可以完全交换,而以北水体2个月后仍然无法交换至湾口水平。连屿至打水山断面以北地形复杂,岛屿较多,污染物主要通过岛屿间的潮汐汊道输运,断面的瓶颈效应也使得断面以北的水体交换能力稍弱。在口门附近90%以上的水体被外海置换所需时间不到5 d,而此时湾顶水质未有太大改变;15 d左右,80%湾内水体被外海水置换;90%湾内水体被置换仅需40 d;70 d时的水体置换率达97%。 相似文献
17.
Numerical simulation of dam-break wave, as an imitation of tsunami hydraulic bore, with a hump of different slopes is performed in this paper using an in-house code, named a Constrained Interpolation Profile (CIP)-based model. The model is built on a Cartesian grid system with the Navier Stokes equations using a CIP method for the flow solver, and employs an immersed boundary method (IBM) for the treatment of solid body boundary. A more accurate interface capturing scheme, the Tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing/Slope weighting (THINC/SW) scheme, is adopted as the interface capturing method. Then, the CIP-based model is applied to simulate the dam break flow problem in a bumpy channel. Considerable attention is paid to the spilling type reflected bore, the following spilling type wave breaking, free surface profiles and water level variations over time. Computations are compared with available experimental data and other numerical results quantitatively and qualitatively. Further investigation is conducted to analyze the influence of variable slopes on the flow features of the tsunami-like bore. 相似文献
18.
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and wave gauges have been used to investigate the runup of solitary waves at two different beaches. The first beach is straight with an inclination of 10°, whereas the second is a composite beach with a change in the 10° inclination to 4° at a vertex point above the equilibrium water level. Comparison with numerical simulations using a Navier–Stokes solver with zero viscosity has been performed for the composite beach. Four different amplitudes of incoming solitary waves are investigated.Measurements of the runup show that the composite beach gives a lower runup compared to the straight beach. Furthermore, the composite beach experiences a longer duration of the rundown compared to the straight beach. This is at least partially assumed to be a result of scaling effects, since the fluid above the vertex creates a relatively thinner runup tongue compared to the straight beach scenario.The appearance of a stagnation point at the beach boundary is clearly visible in both the PIV results and the numerical simulation. This stagnation point is originating at the lowermost part of the beach, and is moving upwards with time. It is found that the stagnation point moves faster upwards for the straight beach than for the composite beach. Further, the stagnation point is moving even faster in the numerical simulation, suggesting that the velocity with which the stagnation point moves is influenced by viscous scaling effects.Finally, the numerical simulation seems to capture the physics of the flow well, despite differences in the phase compared to the PIV results. This applies to both the flow field and the surface elevations. 相似文献
19.
Sungduk Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(6):572-578
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the behavior and mechanism of a debris flow on various slopes through numerical simulation. The numerical simulation consisted of using equations related to mass conservation and momentum conservation in order to consider erosion and deposition, and the Finite Difference Method was applied. As the inflow water discharge in the upstream of the channel increases, the curve of the water discharge exhibits instability and, as time passes, the fluctuation of the high water discharge continues. In regions where the mountain areas and the ocean are connected, it is deduced that the high level of sediment concentration can greatly affect the environment surrounding the ocean. The numerical model of this study was applied in Kangwon Province of South Korea. The results show that when the debris flow reaches downstream, the flow discharge and water flow depth increase. Erosion occurs more than deposition and much of the sediment runs off downstream. The result of the simulation performed at point of sediment discharge runoff is 114,216 m3. This study will provide useful information in predicting disasters caused by debris flow and in planning for various countermeasures to prevent debris-flow-related disasters. 相似文献
20.
To examine the circulation in shallow water with tidal flat, a finite element model for the numerical solution of the shallow water equations was developed by means of standard Galerkin's method. The domain computed was covered with triangular finite elements, and water elevation and velocity were approximated by linear interpolation functions, and the lumped coefficients were used to substitute for solving the high order algebraic equation system. The time-dependent land-water boundary changes are treated mathematically by interrelating the location of the land-water boundary with the instantaneous tidal level. The implicit scheme was adopted for the terms of the bottom friction and the Coriolis effect in the motion equation so that the numerical stability of the model has been improved.The model was applied to the tidal current on shoaling water with large tidal flat off Pikou, and a comparison between observed and calculated values showed good agreement, the flow pattern being reproduced. The result 相似文献