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1.
推动海洋资源-环境-经济系统协调联动是提升沿海地区海洋承载力的必要途径,也是建设海洋强国的重要议题。基于海洋资源-环境-经济系统承载力评价指标体系,运用极差非零标准化、熵值法、状态空间模型以及耦合协调度函数模型,对2008—2018年广东沿海经济带海洋资源-环境-经济系统承载力时空耦合特征进行比较分析。结果表明：广东沿海经济带海洋资源-环境-经济系统综合承载力指数在时序上呈波动下降态势。其中,海洋经济系统承载力水平较高且主导效应明显,相反,海洋资源系统、环境系统承载力水平相对较低,长期处于满载状态。各地市承载力水平空间差异较大,粤西沿海地区的湛江、阳江综合承载力水平最高,粤东沿海地区的潮州、揭阳综合承载力水平最低。从耦合协调度时序变化来看,耦合度、协调度呈波动上升态势,表明海洋资源-环境-经济系统内部相互作用及各子系统间发展的同步性有所强化;耦合协调类型空间差异显著,以高耦合、高协调类型为主,耦合协调度较高的区域主要集中在粤西沿海的阳江、湛江等地区,东莞、潮州等地区为低值区。 相似文献
2.
为促进我国沿海地区海洋经济社会和海洋生态环境协调可持续发展,文章采用成熟的海洋经济社会系统评价指标体系,综合运用环境库兹涅茨曲线、耦合协调度模型和逐步回归法,测算2006-2016年我国沿海地区海洋经济社会发展指数,分析海洋经济社会系统与近海水质间的拟合关系、弹性、耦合度和耦合协调度,并从系统、状态和指标3个层面解析影响近海水质的海洋经济社会因素。研究结果表明：2013年以前海洋经济社会发展与近海水质基本呈反向变化关系;近海水质的海洋经济社会系统弹性自2014年开始转为正值,但二者的耦合度和耦合协调度均较低;海洋社会发展对近海水质存在明显负向影响,海洋第三产业发展、海洋科技成果转化和海洋自然保护区建设有利于近海水质改善。建议严控陆源排污入海,提高海洋科技成果转化效率,优化海洋产业结构,持续加强海洋自然保护区建设,提升近海水质。 相似文献
3.
伴随着海洋资源开发和海洋科技进步,海洋产业在国民经济中扮演着日益重要的角色,海洋经济与区域经济的协调发展成为研究热点。江苏省是沿海地区经济发展强省,但其海洋经济发展优势并不突出,为了对其海洋经济与区域经济的耦合协调发展状态及耦合发展的制约因素进行研究,文章在探析海洋经济系统与区域经济系统耦合发展机理的基础上,借鉴物理学耦合度函数构建了海洋经济与区域经济的耦合协调度模型,并对2006~2012年江苏及其他沿海省市海洋经济与区域经济的耦合协调度进行了评价。结果表明2006~2012年间,江苏省海洋经济与区域经济的耦合协调度不断提高,逐步迈入了磨合发展的关键期,但海洋产业发展模式落后和海陆互动性弱等因素导致其与沿海其他省市相比仍有较大差距。本研究能够为江苏海洋经济发展提供科学建议。 相似文献
4.
文章从旅游水平、经济水平、社会发展、城市环境四方面建立了滨海旅游与城市发展耦合协调评价指标体系。通过运用熵值法、耦合度模型及耦合协调度模型对辽宁沿海经济带滨海旅游与城市发展的耦合协调水平进行了评价和分析。结果表明:①从旅游发展水平来看,依次为:大连、丹东、锦州、盘锦、营口、葫芦岛,就城市发展水平来看,依次为:大连、盘锦、营口、锦州、丹东、葫芦岛;②大连、丹东属于城市化发展滞后型,锦州、盘锦、营口、葫芦岛为旅游发展滞后型;③处于高水平耦合阶段的城市有大连、丹东、锦州、盘锦,处于拮抗阶段的城市为营口,处于低水平耦合阶段的城市为葫芦岛;④处于高水平耦合协调阶段的为大连,较高水平耦合协调阶段的为丹东,低水平耦合协调阶段的有锦州、盘锦、营口,较低水平耦合协调阶段的为葫芦岛。 相似文献
5.
城市化与海洋经济相互作用和相互影响,二者的协调发展对于促进社会经济可持续发展具有重要意义。文章在阐述耦合作用机制的基础上,构建江苏省城市化和海洋经济系统综合评价指标体系,利用变异系数法、综合评价函数和耦合协调度模型对二者的综合发展水平和耦合协调度进行实证分析,并提出发展建议。研究结果表明：科技发展水平、就业结构、交通运输能力、居民消费水平以及投资规模和经济发展水平是影响城市化发展的重要因素,海洋生态环境对海洋经济发展的影响较大;2006-2019年江苏省城市化和海洋经济的综合发展水平和耦合协调度均有所提升,耦合协调发展从濒临失调逐渐转为良好协调,但海洋经济综合发展水平仍较低且严重滞后于城市化发展水平;在未来的发展中,应大力推动空间城市化、加快海洋产业结构优化以及发挥陆海产业联动作用。 相似文献
6.
海洋资源环境承载力和海洋经济发展潜力之间存在着正向关联关系。采用熵值法测度了环渤海地区海洋资源环境承载力和海洋经济发展潜力,运用耦合度模型和耦合协调度模型衡量了两者之间的耦合协调程度,并运用变差系数法分析其地域差异及其演进规律。研究结果表明:环渤海地区海洋经济发展潜力与海洋资源环境承载力耦合度普遍高于0.8,较少年份出现低于0.8现象。空间上表现出天津市和山东省耦合度及耦合协调度双高的稳定耦合协调状态,河北省和辽宁省耦合度较低且波动大,地区间差异明显。计算地区间耦合度变异系数得出,变异系数值不断下降,地区间差异有明显下降趋势。 相似文献
7.
为加强海洋生态环境保护，大力提高海洋科技创新能力，推动海洋经济、海洋科技创新和海洋生态环境三者协调发展，文章以我国沿海11省（自治区、直辖市）为研究对象，选取22个评价指标，采用综合评价模型和耦合协调模型，评价2016年各沿海地区海洋经济、海洋科技创新和海洋生态环境的协调发展状况，并提出发展建议。研究结果表明:广东和山东处于中级耦合协调状态，上海和福建分别由于海洋生态环境和海洋科技创新的制约而处于初级耦合协调状态，天津等4个地区处于勉强耦合协调状态，河北处于轻度失调衰退状态，海南和广西处于中度失调衰退状态；各沿海地区在发展海洋经济的同时要提高海洋科技创新能力，守住海洋生态环境的底线，推动海洋经济系统、海洋科技创新系统和海洋生态环境系统的协调发展。 相似文献
8.
数字经济与海洋经济高质量发展互相影响。文章通过熵值-TOPSIS法构建我国数字经济和海洋经济高质量发展两个子系统共21个二级指标，运用耦合协调度模型得出我国2013—2019年11个沿海省（自治区、直辖市）的数字经济与海洋经济高质量发展的耦合协调水平以及耦合协调类型。研究发现：我国11个沿海省（自治区、直辖市）的数字经济发展呈现逐步上升的态势，海洋经济高质量发展趋势则比较稳定；2013—2019年多数沿海地区数字经济和海洋经济高质量发展两大系统的耦合度表现稳定，保持良好的动态关联关系；在数字经济与海洋经济高质量发展互动性增强的同时，两大系统的整体发展水平也有所提高。 相似文献
9.
判断我国海洋经济-社会-生态系统耦合协调发展态势对促进我国海洋经济高质量发展具有重要的战略决策参考价值。文章运用耦合协调度模型测度2006—2019年我国海洋经济-社会-生态系统耦合协调度水平，并采用障碍度模型分析其主要障碍因子。研究发现：我国海洋经济子系统和社会子系统综合发展指数均呈显著上升趋势，生态子系统综合发展指数最高但未表现出显著增长态势；2006—2019年我国沿海地区整体耦合协调度水平呈上升趋势，耦合协调等级由勉强协调上升为中度协调，三大海洋经济圈耦合协调度水平由高到低依次为东部海洋经济圈、北部海洋经济圈和南部海洋经济圈；海洋劳动生产率、居民人均消费支出、海洋专业专科及以上在校学生数和治理废水项目完成投资额等是制约我国海洋经济-社会-生态系统耦合协调发展的主要障碍因子。 相似文献
10.
运用耦合协调模型和空间相关性模型研究了2006—2016年53个沿海城市的经济发展与生态环境协调关系的时空演变趋势、重心迁移、空间相关性。结果表明:我国沿海城市经济发展与生态环境的协调发展状况总体呈向好态势,但总体协调度不高,仍处于协调发展的初级阶段;协调度发展存在严重的空间不均衡性,且呈逐步扩大态势,高值区域主要分布在省会城市和计划单列市,而其他大部分城市仍处于失调状态;2006—2016年协调度重心均位于浙江省金华市,并逐步向西南方向迁移;全局Moran’s I指数和局部Moran散点图显示协调度在空间上呈现明显的正相关,空间集聚性较强。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献