共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 406 毫秒
1.
氮浓度对盐生杜氏藻和纤细角毛藻叶绿素荧光特性及生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在温度为(23±1)℃,盐度为31,光照强度为5000lx的条件下,用含有不同氮浓度(0μmol/L,55μmol/L,440μmol/L,880μmol/L,1760μmol/L,7040μmol/L)的培养基对中国海洋大学微藻种质库保存的盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)和纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros gracilis)进行培养,研究两种微藻在一次性培养过程中,不同氮浓度对其PSⅡ最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)、叶绿素含量以及细胞密度的影响。单因子方差分析结果表明,氮浓度对两种微藻的光合作用及生长均有显著影响(P<0.05)。两种微藻的Fv/Fm比值、叶绿素含量以及细胞密度均随着起始氮浓度的增加而增加,在1760μM时达到最大值,其后随着起始氮浓度的增加,上述指标反而下降。多重比较结果表明,盐藻和纤细角毛藻进行光合作用和生长的最适氮浓度都为1760μmol/L。。 相似文献
2.
纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros gracilis)是海水养殖育苗过程中重要的饵料生物,其生长速度和营养成分组成对育苗的效率和质量都有重要意义.本研究通过单因子试验研究了温度、盐度和超声波3种处理方式对纤细角毛藻生长、蛋白质和总脂占比的影响.结果表明,温度和盐度都显著影响纤细角毛藻的生长,5~40 min的超声波处理不影响纤细角毛藻的生长;纤细角毛藻生长的最适条件是温度为25℃,盐度为25;3种处理方式对纤细角毛藻的蛋白质和总脂占比都有显著影响,其中超声波处理影响最显著,短时间处理(5 min)能使蛋白质占比达到最高值,长时间处理(40 min)能使总脂占比达到最高值.本研究的实验结果可以作为饵料微藻二段培养所采用条件的参考依据. 相似文献
3.
利用交叉培养的方法,研究了球等鞭金藻与纤细角毛藻、牟氏角毛藻、新月菱形藻和三角褐指藻等4种海洋微藻间的化感作用。并利用高效液相色谱分析了这4种海洋微藻的胞外滤液萃取物。结果表明,(1)球等鞭金藻胞外滤液浓度大于40%时,显著抑制三角褐指藻、新月菱形藻和牟氏角毛藻的生长,而对纤细角毛藻的生长则有明显的促进效果,但当胞外滤液浓度大于80%时则对纤细角毛藻的生长也表现出抑制作用。纤细角毛藻、新月菱形藻、牟氏角毛藻的滤液浓度大于40%时,对球等鞭金藻表现出显著抑制作用,三角褐指藻胞外滤液浓度大于80%时才能抑制球等鞭金藻的生长。(2)4种海洋微藻胞外滤液的萃取物能明显抑制球等鞭金藻的生长。(3)纤细角毛藻、牟氏角毛藻、新月菱形藻和三角褐指藻的胞外滤液分别包含8种、5种、6种和7种物质,同时结果还表明4种海洋微藻产生的抑制球等鞭金藻生长的化感物质并不相同。 相似文献
4.
采用正交实验的方法，对影响纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros gracilis)生长的主要营养因素进行了优化，获得了以海水为基础的优化培养基配方：NaHCO30．15g／L，NazSiO3(9H2O0．20g／L，NANO3 1．00g／L，KH2PO4 0．02g／L，VB1 2．7mg／L，VB12 1.5μg/L。实验表明，用该优化配方培养纤细角毛藻具有生长速度快、产量高的显著优势，为该微藻在光生物反应器中的进一步高密度培养提供了良好条件。 相似文献
5.
不同培养基对纤细角毛藻生长的影响 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
纤细角毛藻Ｃｈａｅｔｏｃｅｒｏｓｇｒａｃｉｌｉｓ是青岛海洋大学应用微藻研究所１９８８年从美国ＳｏｌａｒＥｎｅｒｇｙＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ引进的 ,并已在国内育苗场推广应用。纤细角毛藻可以作为双壳贝类、海胆、海参、甲壳类等幼体的饵料 ,是耐高温种类 ,适合夏季培养。但在生产上培养该藻时 ,存在细胞密度较低等问题 ,常因投入过多的藻液 ,使育苗池的水污染 ,影响育苗水质 ,特别是投入被污染和老化的饵料时更为严重。作者以Ｆ／２培养基作为一种能提高细胞密度的培养基 ,意在提高细胞的培养效果 ,减少生产厂房的占用 ,提高生产效率。… 相似文献
6.
本实验以坛紫菜自由丝状体为材料,研究不同培养方式(静置、摇床、通气)和换水频率(5d、7d、10d、20d)对丝状体生长及藻胆蛋白(PE、PC)含量变化的影响。研究结果表明:坛紫菜自由丝状体在摇床培养条件下生长较好,特定生长速率可达10.832 7%~10.891 5%;摇床培养下的丝状体PE含量相对静置培养的较高一些,通气培养的相对较低,最高为36.816 8mg/g;静置条件下培养的丝状体PC含量最高,摇床培养次之,通气培养最低,最低为1.082 4mg/g。相同培养方式下,换水频率对丝状体特定生长速率影响不大;除通气培养外,换水频率20d其PE、PC含量较高。方差分析结果表明:实验范围内的培养方式及换水频率对丝状体特定生长速率大小、PE和PC含量不存在交互作用。本文实验结果对坛紫菜自由丝状体产业化应用于食品加工、色素提取等产业提供了实验理论和依据。 相似文献
7.
重金属胁迫对纤细角毛藻生长及叶绿素荧光特性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了不同浓度的重金属离子(Cu2 ,Zn2 ,Cd2 )胁迫不同时间(24,48,72和96 h)后,纤细角毛藻生长及叶绿素荧光特性的变化情况.测定的主要参数有:PSII最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm),PSII的潜在活性(Fv/Fo),PSII实际光能转化效率(Yield=ΦPSII),相对光合电子传递效率(rETR),光化学淬灭(qP)和非光化学淬灭(NPQ).实验结果表明,重金属离子(Cu2 ,Zn2 ,Cd2 )胁迫下纤细角毛藻的叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,Yield和rETR均明显降低,并且随着重金属离子浓度的增加,胁迫时间的延长,下降幅度逐步增大;重金属胁迫下,细胞密度和叶绿素含量也显著降低.3种重金属离子的半抑制浓度(EC50)的计算结果表明,胁迫时间为24和48 h时,3种重金属离子对纤细角毛藻各叶绿素荧光参数(Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,Yield,Chll content)的毒性大小顺序为Cu2 ＞Zn2 ＞Cd2 ;胁迫时间为72和96 h时,3种重金属离子的毒性大小顺序为Cd2 ＞Cu2 ＞Zn2 .本文还对叶绿素荧光技术在检测微藻对重金属胁迫敏感性中的应用进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
8.
球形棕囊藻具有异型的生活史,能够在单细胞和囊体两种不同形态之间转换。球形棕囊藻藻华现场发现,囊体有时附着在角毛藻上。为研究角毛藻对囊体形成的影响和机制,进行球形棕囊藻和小角毛藻的共培养实验,观察球形棕囊藻囊体的形成和生长状况,研究小角毛藻对球形棕囊藻囊体形成的影响。结果证明:混合培养下,小角毛藻和球形棕囊藻的囊体附着在一起,在较短的生存周期内,囊体的密度明显高于单独培养时的密度;而单独培养体系下,棕囊藻单细胞密度和囊体体积均高于混合培养,囊体的存在时间较长。小角毛藻的存在对囊体的形成具有促进效应,这对于球形棕囊藻囊体具有重要的生态意义。硅藻的存在更能体现球形棕囊藻竞争优势。 相似文献
9.
研究了无机砷As(V)胁迫对牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros mulleri)培育水体中磷酸盐含量、藻细胞密度、叶绿素a含量及其抗氧化活性的影响,As(V)浓度梯度为0、7.3、10.2、23.9、45.2和114.0μg/L(分别记为Ctr和V1—V5),取样时间为2、3、5、7、14和21 d。结果表明,试验条件下适当浓度As(V)暴露会促进牟氏角毛藻对磷酸盐的吸收速度,而较低浓度暴露时则反之。所有处理组中仅V2组在14d时藻细胞密度增至最大值71×104ind./m L,其它处理组在整个试验期间藻细胞密度变化均不显著(P0.01)。2 d时各组藻细胞叶绿素a含量均显著降低,且均显著低于对照;5 d时V5组显著升高(达102.16μg/108cell),而其它处理组却仍明显低于其初始值;21 d时,除V1组外各处理组均明显高于对照(50.63μg/10~8cell)。在As(V)暴露2 d时,处理组GSH含量均明显低于对照(3.23μg/10~8cell)(P0.01),且随着As(V)暴露浓度的升高呈先升高后逐渐降低的趋势。As(V)暴露对牟氏角毛藻GSH含量具有显著的抑制作用。谷胱甘肽还原酶活性随着As(V)浓度升高基本呈降低趋势。As(V)胁迫可能会抑制牟氏角毛藻的光合作用和抗氧化活性,长期暴露还会对其生长繁殖造成影响。 相似文献
10.
以旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)为研究对象,通过实验室培养,研究了温度和pH变化对其生长周期内生物量及培养液中二甲基硫(DMS)和二甲巯基丙酸内盐(DMSP)含量的影响。设置的4组实验条件分别为pH=7.8,20℃、pH=7.8,25℃、pH=8.1,20℃和pH=8.1,25℃。实验结果表明,pH=8.1,20℃时,旋链角毛藻生长情况最佳,而pH=7.8,25℃时,旋链角毛藻生长情况最差。温度升高时藻密度、比生长率、DMS和DMSP浓度均有明显的降低,pH减小时四者略有降低。四组实验中旋链角毛藻单细胞释放DMS浓度的峰值(4.54×10~(-5),2.71×10~(-5),4.67×10~(-5),3.46×10~(-5)μmol·cell~(-1))均出现于藻类生长的衰亡期。说明旋链角毛藻衰亡期细胞破裂会导致大量DMSP进入培养液中,进而降解生成DMS。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
18.
Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
19.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
20.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献