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1.
海南岛沿岸多港湾，主要有3种类型的潮汐汊道型港湾：（1）沙坝-泻湖型潮汐汊道港湾主要分布在东南部海岸，以三亚港最为典型。三亚港原始岸线为基岩港湾海岸，由中生代花岗岩构成。花岗岩风化泥沙充填谷地港湾连成陆地，以沙坝-泻湖体系形式逐渐堆积成海积平原。（2）港湾型潮汐汊道主要分布在海南岛西部，起源于构造断裂带的港湾。其演化的主要因素是河流及海岸侵蚀向湾内供应的沉积物以及巨大的纳潮量形成的潮流动力。消费品流及海岸供沙使纳潮水域淤积，纳潮量相应减少，同时在口门内外形成潮流三角洲（拦门沙浅滩）。（3）溺谷型潮汐汊道主要分布在海南岛北岸、东北岸。其演化过程是：古河口溺谷，沿岸输沙发育海岸沙坝，古河口溺谷逐渐淤积衰退，潮流作用形成 口门外落潮流堆积体及涨潮带入海相细粒物质，使纳潮水域进一步淤浅缩小，目前这类汊道处于发育演化的晚期，接近汊道整体的消亡。 相似文献
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博鳌旅游度假区地貌景观演变与岸坡稳定性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以傅鳌亚洲论坛为契机迅速发展的位于万泉河河口地区的海南傅鳌旅游度假区，在海内外事有较高的知名度和旅游吸引力。旅游度假区内地貌景观的多样性特征显著，集丘陵山地、海洋、泻湖洼地、岛屿、河道、沙坝、河口海岸等地貌景观为一体，万泉河河口地区长期以来保持优美的自然景观，具有很好的旅游开发前景。博螯旅游度假区以泻湖-沙坝、河口岛屿-潮汐汊道为主的沉积地貌体系，发育于全新世海平面上升的背景下，现代地貌格局约在3000aBP形成。河口海岸和江心洲地貌稳定性问题成为海南岛博鳌旅游度假区可持续发展的关键影响因素，其中口门附近的稳定性最差，玉带滩北段的海岸侵蚀比较明显，万泉河主河道南岸的侵蚀比较严重，沙美内海的淤积则不断加强。结合区域地貌特征，提出解决岸坡稳定性的若干对策。 相似文献
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海南岛洋浦港潮汐汊道的稳定性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
位于海南岛西北岸的万吨级海港——洋浦港属于基岩港湾型潮汐汊道。地貌发育已进入稳定阶段。海岸动力以潮流作用占绝对优势。沉积物主要来源是沿岸小河来沙。由地形影响而形成的两大潮流环流是影响洋浦港潮汐汊道的泥沙搬运、沉积的重要因素。本文通过对地貌、动力、沉积、历史地图对比及工程稳定性判据等多方面研究,确定了洋浦港目前具有较高的稳定性。 相似文献
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崔承琦 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1983,(2)
山东南部石臼湾及其附近沿岸地带,北起白马吉利——两城河口,南至绣针河口,全长近80公里,是一段较典型的基岩砂砾质海岸(图1)。它的北部为鲁东南基岩港湾式海岸,绣针河口区以南则为苏北粉砂淤泥质平原海岸。 这段海岸与其以南以北的海岸类型比较,在海岸发育、海岸地貌类型以及海岸冲积 相似文献
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石臼湾及其附近海岸地貌特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
崔承琦 《山东海洋学院学报》1983,13(2):67-80
山东南部石臼湾及其附近沿岸地带，北起自马吉利——两城河口，南至绣针河口，全长近80公里，是一段较典型的基岩砂砾质海岸(图1)。它的北部为鲁东南基岩港湾式海岸，绣针河口区以南则为苏北粉砂淤泥质平原海岸。 相似文献
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华南海岸潮汐汊道P-A关系的分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
潮汐汊道是潮汐海岸的重要海岸类型。本文计算华南海岸32个潮汐汊道的平均潮棱体(P)与口门咽喉段平均海面以下的断面积(A),用回归分析法求出标准差最小的P-A最佳回归方程,为乘幂接近于1的乘幂函数形式,与美国沙质海岸、日本基岩港湾海岸研究结果相似。P-A之间除了具有很好的相关性外,还存在着明显的不稳定性。 相似文献
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海南岛周缘珊瑚礁的基本特征和成礁时代 总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16
海南岛周缘分布的珊瑚礁,是陆地边缘围绕基岩海岸和岛屿发育起来的不成熟型岸礁礁体,具有进积序列的沉积相序。不存在堡礁(或堤礁)礁体类型。依据碳、氧稳定同位素和其它地球化学资料,这些珊瑚礁的主体是末次冰期阶段发育起来的,与放射性碳等年代资料相悖。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献