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1.
The long-term variation and seasonal variation of sea level have a notable effect on the calculation of engineering water level. Such an effect is first analyzed in this paper. The maximal amplitude of inter-annual anomaly of monthly mean sea level along the China coast is larger than 60 cm. Both the storm surge disaster and cold wave disaster are seasonal disasters in various regions, so the water level corresponding to the 1% of the cumulative frequency in the cumulative frequency curve of hourly water level data for different seasons in various sea areas is different from design water level, for example, the difference between them reaches maximum in June, July and August for northern sea area, and maximum in September, October and November for Southern China Sea. The hourly water level data of 19 gauge stations along the China coast are analyzed. Firstly, the annual mean sea level for every station is obtained; secondly, linear chan ging rates of annual mean sea level are obtained with the stochasti 相似文献
2.
南黄海西侧的江苏海岸近岸区域,素以地形复杂、潮流强劲、悬沙输运剧烈著称,但是较长期的同步潮位和潮流观测数据仍然缺乏,尤其是在近岸(20 km)浅水(20 m)区域。2014年1月在大丰港附近开展了连续潮位和潮流观测,获得的数据揭示了一系列特征。此地潮汐潮流为正规半日潮,浅水分潮显著。平均潮差为3.05 m,最显著的两个分潮为M2和S2分潮,振幅分别为1.45 m和0.52 m。潮流最显著的半日分潮M2分潮和最显著的浅水分潮M4分潮在沿岸方向上振幅分别为0.84m/s和0.12m/s,在跨岸方向上振幅分别为0.24 m/s和0.01 m/s,沿岸方向占绝对优势。潮波的沿岸传播介于前进波和驻波之间,驻波的特征稍强。M2分潮潮流椭圆最大流(长轴)方向为南偏东7.4°。存在冬季沿岸向北的余流,垂向平均值的大小为2.2 cm/s。以上潮汐潮流特征为该区域海洋物质输运研究提供了基础资料。 相似文献
3.
本文通过对中国沿海25个观测站水位资料的分析,初步探讨了中国沿海1980-2012年增减水的变化特征及与海平面变化的关系。结果表明:（1）中国沿海增减水的季节变化特征明显,相邻站由于受到的气象状况相同,其沿海增减水变化的过程相近,但是变化幅度存在较大差异。从空间分布看,沿海增减水的变化幅度呈现中间大南北小的区域特征,自长江口至广东沿海,增减水的年变化幅度最大,年变幅平均为5.0~7.5 cm;南海周边及北部湾沿海,增减水的年变化幅度次之,年变幅平均为4.0~5.5 cm;自渤海至黄海沿海,增减水的年变化幅度较小,年变幅平均为3.3~3.5 cm。（2）从时间变化看,1980-2012年中国沿海年平均增减水长期基本没有趋势性变化,但明显存在2至5年的周期性变化信号,该信号的震荡幅度为0.1 cm。经过高频滤波后,对沿海月平均增减水序列与Niño3.4指数进行相关性分析,相关系数为-0.5,该相关系数通过了显著性检验,说明中国沿海的增减水变化与ENSO事件呈现负相关关系。（3）中国沿海增减水的长期变化及空间分布特征均与海平面变化不同。1980-2012年,中国沿海海平面的上升速率为2.9 mm/a,而增减水长期基本无趋势性变化;另外,其季节变化与海平面的季节变化从时间和区域上均不存在一致性。（4）但是,短期海平面的变化与增减水有关,并且增减水对短期海平面的贡献根据其具体情况而定,增水幅度大且持续时间长的过程对短期海平面有抬升作用,其贡献率最大可达65%;反之,减水幅度大且持续时间长的过程则对短期海平面有降低的作用。 相似文献
4.
The sea level variations along Visakhapatnam coast are governed by astronomical tides and nontidal oscillations including atmospheric pressure, winds, coastal currents, Ekman Pumping, and river influx. Tidal and nontidal sea level oscillations are usually studied separately because of the vastly different ways in which they are forced. In this study the tidal oscillations along Visakhapatnam are analyzed using GOTIC2 tidal model. The correlation between monthly mean sea level and monthly mean tides is 47% (r = 0.68) and increases to 54% (r = 0.74) when applied for inverse-barometric effect. The major six partial tides are computed and presented. The tidal variations from Neap tide to Spring tide are studied. 相似文献
5.
On the basis of historical documents, this paper studies the evolutionary processes of the Jiangsu coast and re-establishes the positions of the shoreline in different periods. The East China Sea and the Yellow Sea mathematical models are applied to simulate and analyze the large-scale tidal waves changes under the influence of the coastal change in Jiangsu since 1855 when the Yellow River changed its lower course into the Bohai Sea. Results from this study can be summarized in the following aspects: (1) the coastline change strongly affects tidal waves in the region. Generally, the tidal amplitude decreases when the coastline changes in the north coast of the abandoned Yellow River Delta, whilst increases in the south of this region. The maximum variation of tidal amplitude takes place near the Radial Sandbank. (2) Following the erosion of the abandoned Yellow River Delta in the past century, the non-tidal points of M2 and K1 partial tides move to southwest gradually. (3) In the early 20th century, with the coastline changed, tidal range decreased 30~60 cm. From the abandoned Yellow River mouth to the Lvsi Port, the maximum increase of tidal range can exceed almost 150 cm. From the early 20th century to the early 21th century, the tidal range increases by 20~50 cm outside the radial sandbank. Whereas, the tidal range reduced near the abandoned Yellow River by 30~50 cm. 相似文献
6.
福建沿海全新世海平面变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文通过对严格筛选的61个海平面标志物进行研究,建立了福建沿海3个岸段的全新世海平面曲线。结果表明,在全新世海进过程中,海平面有过多次波动并且在6100,3100和1800a,B.P.前左右形成3次海平面高峰,但其高度分别不超过+3m,+2m和+1m;3个岸段海平面波动总趋势一致,但海平面的高度和变动幅度存在差异:闽东北沿海6100a,B.P.前左右的高海面比3100a,B.P.前左右的为高,闽中沿海则相反,其6100a,B.P.前左右的高海面比3100a,B.P.前的为低。 相似文献
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8.
环台湾岛海域半日潮波特征的三维模拟 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
用1997版POM海洋模式,首次应用于环台湾岛海域的潮波数值研究.得到该海域的半日潮波主要为23°N以南西太平洋传来的胁振潮.影响台湾海峡的半日潮波分别由海峡南北口传入的两支潮波,且北支强于南支.福建沿岸湄州湾-兴化湾为最强潮区,其M2分潮最大振幅可达240cm.最强潮流区位于澎湖水道,M2分潮最大潮流达196cm/s.环台湾岛海域潮波潮流水平结构上除海峡北部原有一个圆流点外,还发现另外存在4个新的圆流点.潮流垂直结构上主要为右偏,接近底层处为左偏. 相似文献
9.
Based on long-term tide gauge observations in the last 60 years, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sea level change along the coast of China are analyzed. The results indicate that the sea level along the coast of China has been rising at an increasing rate, with an estimated acceleration of 0.07 mm/a2. The rise rates were 2.4 mm/a, 3.4 mm/a and 3.9 mm/a during 1960–2020, 1980–2020 and 1993–2020, respectively. In the last 40 years, the coastal sea level has risen fastest in the South China Sea and slowest in the Yellow Sea. Seasonal sea levels all show an upward trend but rise faster in winter and spring and slower in autumn. Sea level change along the coast of China has significant periodic oscillations of quasi-2 a, 4 a, 7 a, 11 a, quasi-19 a and 30–50 a, among which the 2–3 a, 11 a, and 30–50 a signals are most remarkable, and the amplitude is approximately 1–2 cm. The coastal sea level in the most recent decade reached its highest value in the last 60 years. The decadal sea level from 2010 to 2019 was approximately 133 mm higher than the average of 1960–1969. Empirical orthogonal function analysis indicates that China’s coastal sea level has been changing in a north-south anti-phase pattern, with Pingtan and Fujian as the demarcation areas. This difference was especially obvious during 1980–1983, 1995–1997 and 2011–2013. The coastal sea level was the highest in 2016, and this extreme sea level event was analyzed to be related mainly to the anomalous wind field and ENSO. 相似文献
10.
基于FVCOM的泉州湾海域三维潮汐与潮流数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于FVCOM海洋数值模式,采用非结构的三角形网格和有限体积法,建立了泉州湾海域高分辨率(26 m)的三维潮汐、潮流数值模型。模拟结果同2个验潮站和3个连续测流站的观测资料符合良好,较好地反映了泉州湾内潮汐、潮流运动的变化状况和分布特征,给出了M2、S2、K1、O1 4个主要分潮的同潮图、表层潮流椭圆分布,以及模拟区域内最大可能潮差、表层最大可能潮流流速和潮余流分布。分析表明,4个分潮的最大潮汐振幅和迟角差分别为219 cm和19°,85 cm和25°,26 cm和12°,26 cm和9°;石湖港以东海域的潮波为逆时针旋转的驻波,以西海域为前进波;最大可能潮差由湾口的8.0m向湾内增加至8.8 m。湾内潮流类型为规则半日潮流,落潮最大流速大于涨潮最大流速,北乌礁水道为强流区,表层最大可能潮流流速为2.4 m/s;湾口潮流运动以逆时针方向的旋转流形式为主,湾内的潮流运动以往复流形式为主,长轴走向主要沿着水道方向,与等深线和海岸线平行;四个分潮流表层最大流速分别为1.4 m/s,0.58 m/s,0.12 m/s,0.10 m/s。余流流速大小与潮流强弱有密切的联系,表、中、底层最大余流流速分别为26 cm/s,20 cm/s,16 cm/s,三者在水平方向基本呈北进南出的分布形态。 相似文献
11.
南黄海辐射沙脊群特大潮差分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
根据辐射沙脊群中部条子泥两翼沿海自建的4座潮位遥测站的实测记录,2012年10月17日新条鱼港站观测到了9.39m的特大潮差,不仅证实了20世纪80年代小洋口海域9.28m的潮差记录的可信性,而且刷新了此海域最大潮差记录。基于移动驻潮波和动力地貌理论,本文采用潮位实测分析、二维水动力数值模拟和潮滩地貌遥感解译等方法,阐述了特大潮差的动力成因及其地貌响应机理,提出了条子泥二分水同步潮位跳绳效应,从理论上分析了该海域实测特大潮差的合理性。如若改变最大潮差统计方法,该海域最大潮位差可达9.62m,关于辐射沙脊群对重新认识辐射沙脊群及中国沿海极值潮汐特征更具有创新价值。 相似文献
12.
Based on the quasi-harmonic analysis of 11 d vector ocean currents obtained from two high frequency sur- face wave radars located at Zhujiajian Island and Shengshan Island, the spatial distribution characteristics of surface tidal currents in the open sea area to the east of the Zhoushan Islands of Zhejiang Province, China are studied. The following conclusions are drawn from the analysis： the tidal current pattern in the open sea area to the east of Zhoushan Islands is primarily regular semidiurnal, which is significantly affected by the shallow water constituents. The directions of the major axes of tidal current ellipses of M2 lie approx- imately in the NW-SE direction. With the increasing of distance away from the coast, the directions of the tidal current ellipses gradually shift toward the E-W direction. The tidal currents are mainly reversing cur- rents. The spatial distribution of probable maximum current velocities decreases gradually from northeast to southwest which is basically in accordance with the spatial distribution of measured maximum current velocities. The residual currents near the coast are larger than those far away from the coast. The directions of the residual currents are basically north by east, and the angle to the due north increases gradually with the increasing distance away from the coast. The topography shows a certain impact on the spatial distri- bution of shallow water constituents, the rotation of tidal currents, the probable maximum currents and the residual currents. 相似文献
13.
Altimetry-observed semi-annual cycle in the South China Sea: Real signal or alias of K1 tidal error?
There have been a number of applications of satellite altimetry to seasonal and interannual sea level variability in the South China Sea. However, these applications usually exclude shallow waters along the coast, with one of the concerns being large aliased tide-correction error. In this study the authors analyzed 14 years of merged satellite altimeter data to obtain the amplitude and phase of the semi-annual cycle and to examine the variation at the K1 alias frequency (close to the semi-annual frequency). The results indicate that the amplitude of the semi-annual cycle ranges from 3-7 cm, substantial compared with that of the annual cycle; while the amplitude at the K1 alias frequency (error of the K1 tidal correction) is essentially 1 cm only. Altimeter–derived semi-annual cycle is in good agreement with that from independent tide-gauge observations, pointing to the competent ability of satellite altimetry in observing semi-annual sea level variations in the South China Sea. 相似文献
14.
The issue of sea level rise is receiving considerable attention all over the world. Although the Indian stations have shown mixed trends, a positive sea level trend has been noticed in the Hooghly Estuary, situated on the east coast of India. The Hooghly River serves as a navigable waterway to Calcutta and Haldia ports. The river is tidal for nearly 250 km. To study the water levels and tidal currents in the lower part of the Hooghly Estuary, from sea face at Sagar to Hooghly Point, a vertically integrated numerical model has been used. The model is fully nonlinear and uses a semiexplicit finite‐difference scheme to solve the basic hydrodynamic equations on a staggered grid. This model is coupled with a one‐dimensional model, which has been used for the upper estuary from Hooghly Point to Swarupganj, where the flow is unidirectional. The computed water levels and currents are found to be in good agreement with the available observations. This model is applied to study the alterations in tidal circulation for a rise and fall in the sea level. The results have shown a substantial increase in the amplitude and velocities of the tidal wave due to the sea level rise. 相似文献
15.
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｎｅａｒｌｙ 1 96 0’ｓ,ｔｈｅｔｉｄｅａｎｄｔｉｄａｌｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｉｎｔｈｅＢｅｉｂｕＧｕｌｆｗｅｒｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄａｎｄａｎａｌｙｓｅｄｂｙＣｈｉｎａｉｎｃｏｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｗｉｔｈＶｉｅｔｎａｍ1) .ＴｈｅｓｙｓｔｅｍａｔｉｃｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｆｔｉｄｅａｎｄｔｉｄａｌｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｉｎｔｈｅＢｅｉｂｕＧｕｌｆｗｅｒｅｆｉｒｓｔｃａｒｒｉｅｄｏｕｔｂｙＦａｎｇ (1 986 ) .Ｔｈｅｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｔｉｄｅａｎｄｔｉｄａｌｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ… 相似文献
16.
INTRODUCTIONNumerica comutation and simu1ation of tidal waves in the closed ocean of China havebo greatly imProved in recent years. As far as the method Of numerica comPU8tion are con-cemed, we can divide them into two classes: beundary va1ue methed and initial value methed.The fOrmer needs the tidal level value of coast beund8ry and the side beundary of water shOuldbe given, and its calculative result dePends on the reliability of boundary value. The rnan-madeermr, caed by getting the… 相似文献
17.
采用1984年8月28日19时—29日24时黄浦江米市;渡至吴淞口水位和流量资料,根据描述河道中水流非恒定流动的Saini-Venant方程组,建立了模拟黄浦江潮位和潮量特征变化的数值模式。考虑未来海平面上升,预测了黄浦江潮位和潮量的变化及对周围环境的影响。计算结果表明,随着海平面的上升,黄浦江潮位相应增加,高潮位的上升值大于海平面上升值;低潮位的上升值小于海平面上升值,潮差增大。在同一海平面上升值下,潮差增量由下游向上游渐渐增大,随着海平面的上升,涨潮量和落潮量都相应增加。 相似文献
18.
海平面上升导致渤、黄、东海潮波变化的数值研究Ⅱ——海平面上升后渤、黄、东海潮波的数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用球面潮波运动基本方程,利用开边界强迫水位条件和考虑天体引潮力,对海平面上升后渤、黄、东海的潮波运动进行了数值模拟。根据权威性的IPCC报告和论文,选取了模拟过程所需的海平面上升量。模拟包括19个理论系数最大的分潮波。根据模拟结果绘制了分潮同潮图,并与现有分潮的同潮图进行了比较和分析。可以看出:海平面上升后的分潮同位相线相对于现有的分潮同位相线沿逆时针方向发生偏转,海平面上升后的分潮无潮点的位置相对于现有分潮无潮点的位置发生偏移,海平面上升后的分潮振幅与现有分潮振幅之差有一定的分布模式。从利用模拟结果推算的主要潮位极值可以看出:海平面上升1 m后,有些地方的天文最高潮位升高量可达12~16 cm,海图深度基准面降低量可达10~12 cm。 相似文献
19.
A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was set up and validated for the west coast of India. The spatio-temporal variation of the tidal constituents for a 110 km stretch of the southwest coast of India was then studied by setting up a fine grid model. The study brings out variability in the shallow water constituents and their selective amplification. Within the Cochin estuary, the amplitudes of almost all the major tidal constituents show a gradual reduction upstream compared to other locations. The shallow water constituents show significant amplification and Z0, the constituent related to mean sea level shows five-fold amplification within the estuary. 相似文献
20.
O. P. Singh Tariq Masood Ali Khan Fahmida Aktar Majajul Alam Sarker 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(4):209-218
Maldives, a South Asian small island nation in the northern part of the Indian Ocean is extremely vulnerable to the impacts of Sea Level Rise (SLR) due to its low altitude from the mean sea level. This artricle attempts to estimate the recent rates of SLR in Maldives during different seasons of the year with the help of existing tidal data recorded in the Maldives coast. Corresponding Sea Surface Temperature (SST) trends, utilizing reliable satellite climatology, have also been obtained. The relationships between the SST and mean sea level have been comprehensively investigated. Results show that recent sea level trends in the Maldives coast are very high. At Male, the capital of the Republic of Maldives, the rising rates of Mean Tidal Level (MTL) are: 8.5, 7.6, and 5.8 mm/year during the postmonsoon (October-December), Premonsoon (March-May) and southwest monsoon (June-September) seasons respectively. At Gan, a station very close to the equator, the increasing rate of MTL is maximum during the period from June to September (which is 6.2 mm/year). These rising trends in MTL along the Maldives coast are certainly alarming for this small developing island nation, which is hardly one meter above the mean sea level. Thus there is a need for careful monitoring of future sea level changes in the Maldives coast. The trends presented are based on the available time-series of MTL for the Maldives coast, which are rather short. These trends need not necessarily reflect the long-term scenario. SST in the Maldives coast has also registered significant increasing trend during the period from June to September. There are large seasonal variations in the SST trends at Gan but SST and MTL trends at Male are consistently increasing during all the seasons and the rising rates are very high. The interannual mode of variation is prominent both in SST as well as MTL. Annual profile of MTL along the Maldives coast is bimodal, having two maxima during April and July. The April Mode is by far the dominant one. The SST appears to be the main factor governing the sea level variations along the Maldives coast. The influence of SST and sea level is more near the equatorial region (i.e., at Gan). There is lag of about two months for the maximum influence of SST on the sea level. The correlation coefficient between the smoothed SST and mean tidal level at Gan with lag of two months is as high as ~ +0.8, which is highly significant. The corresponding correlation coefficients at Male with the lags of one and two months are +0.5 and +0.3, respectively. Thus, the important finding of the present work for the Maldives coast is the dominance of SST factor in sea level variation, especially near the region close to the equator. 相似文献