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1.
闽江口海域氮磷营养盐含量的变化及富营养化特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据2007—2008年眷、夏、秋、冬8个航次的调查数据，对闽江口海域N、P营养盐分布状况与富营养化特征进行了研究．其结果表明，受闽江冲淡水影响，海水中的N、P营养盐含量的平面分布呈现近岸高而向外逐渐降低的趋势．在N、P营养盐中，PO4-P含量呈现较为明显的季节性变化，而DIN含量的季节性变化规律却不明显．在春、夏、秋、冬四季中NO3-N／DIN含量的比值分别高达79．60％、79．13％、90．54％、96．14％，主导该海域DIN含量的平面分布和污染程度．闽江口海域海水中DIN、PO4-P含量呈不同程度的超标状态，富营养化指数为0．17—41．73，N／P原子比均值为41．14，远远偏离Redfield值（16：1），具有磷限制潜在性富营养化特征． 相似文献
2.
通过对目前生态动力学模型的总结和综合，以生态系统中氮、磷营养盐循环为主线，建立了适用于海洋围隔浮游生态系统的多变量的营养盐迁移-转化动力学模型。该模型包括浮游植物、浮游动物、溶解无机态营养盐、溶解有机态营养盐和生物碎屑5个模块，涉及溶解无机氮、磷酸盐、溶解有机氮、溶解有机磷、浮游植物、浮游动物和生物碎屑7个状态变量。利用2002年8月末莱州湾围隔生态实验数据进行了模型的验证工作，成功地模拟了富加营养盐条件下围隔浮游生态系统中氮、磷营养盐生物化学迁移-转化过程，并通过灵敏度分析探讨了模型主要状态变量对参数改变的灵敏程度。 相似文献
3.
The Eastern and Southeastern Asian regions witness the strongest land–ocean and lithosphere–asthenosphere interactions. The extreme diversity of geological features warrants a unified study for a better understanding of their geodynamic uniqueness and/or ubiquity from a regional perspective. In this paper we have explored a large coverage of potential field data and have detected high resolution Moho and Curie depths in the aforementioned regions. The oldest continental and oceanic domains, i.e. the North China craton and the Pacific and Indian Ocean have been found thermally perturbed by events probably linked to small-scale convection or serpentinization in the mantle and to numerous volcanic seamounts and ridges. The thermal perturbation has also been observed in proximity of the fossil ridge of the western Philippine Sea Basin, which shows anomalously small Curie depths. The western Pacific marginal seas have the lowest Moho temperature, with Curie depths generally larger than Moho depths. The contrary is true in most parts of easternmost Eurasian continent. Magmatic processes feeding the Permian Emeishan large igneous province could have also been genetically linked to deep mantle/crustal processes beneath the Sichuan Basin. The regionally elongated magnetic features and small Curie depths along the Triassic Yangtze-Indochina plate boundary suggest that the igneous province could be caused by tectonic processes along plate margins, rather than by a deep mantle plume. At the same time, we interpret the Caroline Ridge, the boundary between the Pacific and the Caroline Sea, as a structure having a continental origin, rather than as hotspot or arc volcanism. The surface heat flow is primarily modulated by a deep isotherm through thermal conduction. This concordance is emphasized along many subduction trenches, where zones of large Curie depths often correspond with low heat flow. Local or regional surface heat flow variations cannot be faithfully used in inferring deep thermal structures, which can be better constrained overall through Curie depths detected from surface magnetic anomalies. 相似文献
4.
通过对目前生态动力学模型的总结和综合,以生态系统中氮、磷营养盐循环为主线,建立了适用于海洋围隔浮游生态系统的多变量的营养盐迁移-转化动力学模型.该模型包括浮游植物、浮游动物、溶解无机态营养盐、溶解有机态营养盐和生物碎屑5个模块,涉及溶解无机氮、磷酸盐、溶解有机氮、溶解有机磷、浮游植物、浮游动物和生物碎屑7个状态变量.分别利用1999年秋季和2000年夏季胶州湾围隔生态实验数据进行了模型和验证工作,成功地模拟了富加营养盐条件下围隔浮游生态系统中氮、磷营养盐生物化学迁移-转化过程,并确定了20余个参数的量值. 相似文献
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We performed a correlation and spectral analysis of time series of data on epizootics, epidemics, and famine in Siberia and Mongolia. We have found that periods T of approximately 100 years prevail in their structures, which are also typical for time series of solar activity. 相似文献
7.
近岸海域水体和沉积物是营养盐迁移转化的重要场所。2016年8月对渤海湾水体和沉积物进行采样监测,分析了渤海湾水体和沉积物中不同形态氮、磷的含量,并研究了营养盐在水体和沉积物中的分布特征及其相互关系。结果表明:渤海湾水体中的营养盐在西部近岸地区含量较高,而在离海岸线较远的开阔海域含量较低,表现出一个明显的质量浓度梯度。说明人类活动对近岸海域水体中营养盐含量的贡献较为明显。水体中营养盐主要是以无机态为主,无机氮和无机磷分别占到总氮和总磷的76.65%和76.46%。沉积物中氮、磷营养盐表现出和水体中营养盐含量类似的空间分布特征,但形态主要以有机氮为主,无机磷的含量也仅占到30.42%。这说明夏季渤海湾水体中氮、磷营养盐主要由水中有机体通过同化作用将无机态营养盐合成为有机态营养盐进入沉积物,渤海湾西北海域的富营养化过程是水体中营养盐向沉积物迁移的一个主要驱动力。 相似文献
8.
自2010年《海岛保护法》颁布实施以来,各级海洋主管部门依法履责,严格实行海岛保护规划制度、科学开展海岛整治修复工程、不断提升海岛管理业务水平,取得显著的工作成效,初步形成了生态健康、景色优美、人岛和谐的海岛保护思路,基本确立了有序、有偿、有度的海岛开发利用格局。今后,应继续落实《海岛保护法》和《全国海岛保护规划》,以生态立岛为本,推进实施以生态系统为基础的海岛综合管理,研究构建海岛生态指数,稳步实施"生态岛礁"工程,加强海岛生态保护、优化海岛功能定位、促进海岛经济发展。 相似文献
9.
胶州湾冬季异养细菌与营养盐分布特征及关系研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
2003年12月、2004年1月和2月下旬进行了3个航次的现场调查,对胶州湾冬季异养浮游细菌和无机营养盐分布特征、相互关系及影响因素进行了探讨。胶州湾冬季异养浮游细菌数量的月变化与水温的变化趋势基本一致,分布特征为近岸高,离岸逐渐减少,最大值出现在湾东北部,为7.55×109个/dm3,最小值位于湾中央,为1.89×109个/dm3。水体PO3-,NO-和NH+等营养盐的分布同样具有近岸较高,离岸逐渐减少的特点,异养细菌数量分布与氨盐浓度呈高度显著性正相关,相关系数为0.73(P<0.01),与硝酸盐和磷酸盐浓度呈显著性正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.50和0.48(P≤0.05)。水温是影响胶州湾细菌季节变化的主要因素之一,冬季营养盐水平分布可能与异养浮游细菌矿化有机质产生营养盐有关。 相似文献
10.
《African Journal of Marine Science》2013,35(1):101-116
Data on ocean temperature, currents, salinity and nutrients were obtained in an area off Algoa Bay on the south-east coast of South Africa during a ship's cruise in early November 1986. Satellite imagery provided information on the position of the Agulhas Current during the cruise period, while wind data were available from weather stations on the eastern and western sides of Algoa Bay. It is surmised that wind-forcing plays a major role in water circulation in the Bay and over the inshore continental shelf remote from the influence of the open ocean. The predominantly barotropic current flow, of the order of 0,5 m·s?1, was downwind and influenced by topographic features and coastline shape. The Agulhas Current influences the ocean structures by long-term (large episodic meanders) and short-term (upwelling forced by the Current, core upwelling in frontal eddies and warm frontal plumes at the surface) fluctuations. Temperature structures showed well mixed water in Algoa Bay and a strong thermocline over the continental shelf, and were typical of a western boundary current in the Agulhas Current itself. The presence of a thermocline at 30–50 m over the shelf prevented upward mixing of nutrients. The Current exerted a dominant effect on shelf waters north of Algoa Bay. 相似文献
11.
This paper follows from the work of Blenkinsopp and Chaplin (2007) and describes detailed measurements of the time-varying distribution of void fractions generated by breaking waves in freshwater, artificial seawater and natural seawater under laboratory conditions, along with flow visualisation of the entrainment process. The measurements were made with highly sensitive optical fibre phase detection probes and the results demonstrate that although an additional population of fine (d < 0.3 mm) bubbles existed in the seawater cases, the total volume and distribution of entrained air, and the spatial and temporal evolution of the bubble plumes were very similar in all three water types. The influence of water type may be relatively insignificant, but a numerical bubble tracking model shows that the effect of scale is an important consideration when modelling the post-entrainment evolution of breaker-entrained bubble plumes. Consequently the results suggest that while the use of freshwater in laboratory models of oceanic processes can be considered valid in most situations, the effect of scale may impact interpretation of the results. 相似文献
12.
中国海洋底栖生物学发展回顾与展望* 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海洋底栖生物是海洋生态系统中的重要组成部分,在底层生态系统的能量流动和物质循环过程发挥着重要作用。我国的海洋底栖生物学经过数十年的发展,取得的许多研究进展和成果,但学科目前发展仍存在很多不足。总体而言,研究力量相对薄弱和分散,仍为相对弱势的一个学科,需成立专门的底栖生物学组织机构(分会),构建一个学科交流与合作的平台,整合业内的研究力量和资源,促进我国底栖生物学的研究与发展。本文分析了学科的现状和发展趋势,阐述了海洋底栖生物学分会在学科发展中的作用,并就未来发展提出了建议。 相似文献
13.
通过对青岛即墨东北部大官庄乡这一剥蚀残丘垅岗区进行地下水资源探测,发现了延伸规模较大的东西向张性断裂破碎带,并在大旱之年的枯水季节（１９９７年１２月）于有利部位打出日产４００ｍ３的富水井,确认该断裂带富水。由此,为在青岛地区寻找基岩裂隙水开辟了新的断裂构造领域。 相似文献
14.
景观水体中经常存在水体变色、散发异味等环境恶化现象。本研究以青岛高新区人工水系的污染问题为例,通过卫星图片解析、现场调查、模拟计算等手段,探讨了此类湖库型景观水体的污染成因及其影响因素。结果表明,水体中N、P营养盐负荷超标,是该水系主要污染因子;由于营养盐比例失衡,耐受性强的浮游藻类大规模增殖,在人工水系中,主要优势种绿藻小球藻的优势度高达0.984,藻细胞密度最高达9.83×109cells/L,导致水体出现黑臭现象。通过模型估算人工水系主要污染因子的环境容量与陆源污染通量,结果表明来自陆源的TN载荷为环境容量的5.22倍,TP载荷为环境容量的2.55倍,陆源输入是此类景观水体污染形成的主要原因;对人工水系典型水体主要环境因子浓度梯度的垂直变化分析表明,此类水体存在可能的内源污染。 相似文献
15.
A. A. Vetrov N. V. Lobus A. N. Drozdova N. A. Belyaev E. A. Romankevich 《Oceanology》2018,58(2):198-204
The methane content in water and bottom sediments was measured in vertical sections: Lena River Delta–continental slope (the Laptev Sea), Taimyr Peninsula–Voronin Trough, and along the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago. The methane concentrations varied from 2.5 to 70 nmol/L and from 590 to 2600 nmol/L in the water column and sediments, respectively. Most of the surface water samples showed oversaturation in methane (up to 19-fold, fourfold on average), which determined the water–atmosphere direction of methane fluxes, which amounted to 1–400 mol/km2 day (52 mol/km2 day on average). 相似文献
16.
根据2018年1月冬季航次的水文实测资料,详细分析了大亚湾海水温度(T)、盐度(S)的分布特征。整体而言,观测海区海表相对于海底具有高温低盐的特征;同时,无论是表层还是近底层,大亚湾湾内的海水相对于湾外都呈现高温低盐的特征。观测期间,应是受到大亚湾核电站温排水的影响,湾内西侧存在一个高温中心。盐度的差异在近底层更加明显,低盐中心位于大亚湾的湾顶和大亚湾的中部海域,而高盐中心则主要分布于湾口西侧及惠东以东附近海域。太阳辐射和潮流变化是影响大亚湾温度、盐度变化的两大重要因素。其中,太阳辐射的影响主要局限于表层3~4 m,对近底层海水的影响较小;其加热效应使湾内和湾口附近的表层海水都表现出明显的昼夜变化。由潮汐和温度、盐度的对应关系可知,潮流对湾内温度、盐度的影响较大,而对湾外温度、盐度的影响较小。 相似文献
17.
The traditional fisheries management objectives of maximizing yield and employment lead to heavily exploited stocks. Many current high-profile disputes arise from conflicting objectives, and the proposed solutions to “the fisheries problem” are primarily particular stakeholders’ efforts to have managers implement their own objectives. I suggest many “failures” are in fact successes for other objectives. Fisheries objectives, as reflected in management actions, are changing. Two current trends are the acceptance of objectives that value less disturbed ecosystems and acceptance of fisheries allocation through dedicated access to improve the fisheries’ economic efficiency. I suggest that increased use of dedicated access will result in more congruent objectives and less conflict. 相似文献
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J. Berglund J. Mattila O. Rnnberg J. Heikkil E. Bonsdorff 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2003,56(5-6):1167-1175
Submerged rooted macrophytes and drift algae were studied in shallow (0–1 m) brackish soft-bottom bays in the Åland Islands, N Baltic Sea, in 1997–2000. The study was performed by aerial photography and ground-truth sampling and the compatibility of the methods was evaluated. The study provided quantitative results on seasonal and inter-annual variation in growth, distribution and biomass of submerged macrophytes and drift algae.On an average, 18 submerged macrophyte species occurred in the studied bays. The most common species, by weight and occurrence, were Chara aspera, Cladophora glomerata, Pilayella littoralis and Potamogeton pectinatus. Filamentous green algae constituted 45–70% of the biomass, charophytes 25–40% and vascular plants 3–18%. A seasonal pattern with a peak in biomass in July–August was found and the mean biomass was negatively correlated with exposure. There were statistically significant differences in coverage among years, and among levels of exposure. The coverage was highest when exposure was low. Both sheltered and exposed bays were influenced by drift algae (30 and 60% occurrence in July–August) and there was a positive correlation between exposure and occurrence of algal accumulations. At exposed sites, most of the algae had drifted in from other areas, while at sheltered ones they were mainly of local origin.Data obtained by aerial photography and ground-truth sampling showed a high concordance, but aerial photography gave a 9% higher estimate than the ground-truth samples. The results can be applied in planning of monitoring and management strategies for shallow soft-bottom areas under potential threat of drift algae. 相似文献
20.
胶州湾水域有机农药六六六春、夏季的含量及分布 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
根据1981年的胶州湾水域调查资料,分析了有机农药六六六(HCH)在胶州湾水域的分布、迁移和季节变化.结果表明,胶州湾水域在夏季HCH的污染较重,而春季较轻.在时间分布上,在整个胶州湾夏季的表层和底层水体中的HCH含量几乎都高于春季.在空间分布上,胶州湾的东北部水域海泊河、李村河和娄山河的入海口,为湾的东北部近岸水域提供了河流输送的HCH.因此认为,污染源是面污染源,由入湾河流形成的.通过HCH的陆地迁移过程和水域迁移过程的分析发现,HCH的表层含量高,经沉降,HCH的底层含量就高,而且,HCH入海后沉降较快.根据HCH的表、底层的垂直分布和水平分布,提出了在春、夏季的HCH在胶州湾水域迁移过程的模型框图,表明了HCH的运动轨迹,清楚的展现了HCH在春、夏季的表、底层分布规律. 相似文献