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Ｎｉｍｂｕｓ－７卫星上的多通道扫描辐射计－海岸带水色扫描仪，被设计用来提供海洋近表层浮游植物素浓度和其他与水色有关现象的资料。由于自然和人为的排放以及由潮流引起的再悬浮沉积的影响，对近岸水域遥感资料的分析存在一定的困难，对于近岸水域应作出慎重的研究，因为此类水域的生物－海洋学状况具有较大变化性。 相似文献
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１９９５年春，美国国家宇航局（ＮＡＳＡ）将发射一颗携带宽视场海洋观测传感器（ＳｅａＷｉＦＳ）的海洋卫星（Ｓｅａｓｔａｒ）．宽视场海洋观测传感器是继工作了七年多，于１９８５年停止发送资料的Ｎｉｍｂｕｓ－７海岸带水色扫描仪（ＣＺＺ）之后的第一个星载海洋水色传感器，不像作为概念验证性实验的海岸带水色扫描仪那样，宽视场海洋观测传感器被设计用来提供充分精确的光合色素浓度资料以进行海洋初级生产力和生物地球化学定量研究［４］。宽视场海洋观测传感器将常规地每二日一次提供全球复盖资料。美国国家宇航局空间科学应用署（ＡＳＳＡ）和哥达德空间飞行中心（ＧＳＦＣ）为了发展、管理海洋水色研究资料系统而制定了宽视场海洋观测传感器计划，这个系统能有效地收集、处理、校正、检验、存档以及发布由宽视场海洋观测传感器接收到的资料。本文主要介绍了宽视场海洋观测传感器计划的目的意义，研究内容以及其他概况［２，３］。 相似文献
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海洋遥感应用研究现状及展望 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
从２０世纪７０年代始至今，海洋遥感经历了从探索实验、实验研究到应用研究和业务使用的过程。１９７０～１９７８年主要利用载人飞船搭载实验和利用气象卫星、陆地卫星探测海洋；１９７８～１９８５年主要是对美国发射的海洋卫星（Ｓｅａｓａｔ）和搭载海岸带水色扫描仪（ＣＺＣＳ）的雨云卫星７号（Ｎｉｍｂｕｓ－７）进行实验研究；１９８５年至今为应用研究和业务使用，期间世界上相继发射了多颗海洋卫星，特别是２０世纪最后５年出现了各国竞相发射海洋水色卫星的热潮，已发射和计划发射的卫星见表ｌ。我国也计划在２００１年发射我国… 相似文献
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南黄海浮游植物与水色透明度之间相关关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据 １９９５ 年 ９ 月在南黄海获取的资料,分析和讨论了该水域浮游植物现存量（叶绿素 ａ （ Ｃ Ｈ ））、初级生产力（ Ｐ Ｐ） 和海水光学参数（透明度（ Ｓ Ｔ））、水色（ Ｗ Ｃ）） 之间的相关关系。分析结果表明,夏末秋初南黄海 Ｃ Ｈ 与 Ｐ Ｐ, Ｃ Ｈ 与 Ｗ Ｃ 和 Ｐ Ｐ 与 Ｗ Ｃ 以及悬浮物（ Ｓ Ｓ） 与 Ｗ Ｃ 之间均有良好的正相关关系。相关式分别为： Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ２２５１９ｌｎ（ Ｃ Ｈ ） ＋ ４８８９１ 或 Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ５ Ｅ－ ０５ Ｃ Ｈ １６４６４（ Ｒ２ ＝ ０７０３７）; Ｗ Ｃ ＝ ４０３ｌｎ（ Ｃ Ｈ ） ＋ ８９７６８ 或 Ｗ Ｃ ＝ ７１３０６ Ｃ Ｈ ０４７４７ （ Ｒ２ ＝０７９２１）; Ｃ Ｈ ＝ １５４３７ｌｎ（ Ｓ Ｓ） ＋ １３６４７ 或 Ｃ Ｈ ＝ ０７４９９ Ｓ Ｓ１２５２（ Ｒ２ ＝ ０７２２３）; Ｐ Ｐ ＝３３２８６ｌｎ Ｓ Ｓ＋ １５２２２ 或 Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ３３０２９ Ｓ Ｓ０５６９４ （ Ｒ２ ＝ ０５４７６）; Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ４２５８８ｌｎ（ Ｗ Ｃ） － ３７０７１或 Ｐ Ｐ ＝ ６６５１２ Ｗ Ｃ０８６６５（ Ｒ２ ＝ ０６７３１） 以 及 Ｓ Ｓ ＝ １４０１９ｌｎ（ Ｗ Ｃ） － １３３６３ 相似文献
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太阳反射光对海洋水色卫星遥感的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
海洋水色卫星遥感的关键是水色图像资料的利用率。受到太阳反射光的影响使图像饱和是水色卫星图像的主要噪声之一。笔者首先论述了卫星海洋水色遥感中到达水色义的太阳反射光的辐射量计算模式；然后介绍了产生太阳耀光模拟图像的全过程，并对我国ＦＹ－１Ｂ，美国的ＳｅａＳＴＡＲ和台湾省的ＲＯＣＳＡＴ－１号卫星作了全轨道 太阳耀光模拟图像，最后，讨论了影响太阳耀光的主要因素，同时提出了减小太阳耀光提高海洋水色卫星遥感图 相似文献
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１９９０年９月３日，中国成功地发射了第２颗“风云１号”气象卫星ＦＹ－１Ｂ。当时，正好中方科学家在德国研技部ＧＫＳＳ研究中心，参加中德海洋水色遥感合作研究。ＦＹ－１Ｂ上的海洋通道引起了中德双方科学家的浓厚兴趣，立即从事ＦＹ－１Ｂ的图像处理，应用于海洋水色遥感潜力研究。通过一系列ＦＹ－１Ｂ模拟数字条辐图像和在德国实际接收到的图像，评价了ＦＹ－１Ｂ卫星所安装的高分辨率扫描辐射机（ＶＨＲＳＲ）的两个海洋通道（４８０～５３０和５３０～５８０ｎｍ）图像的利用率和辐射分辨率；研究表明，ＶＨＲＳＲ的波段配置科学地结合了气象和海洋两者的应用。两海洋通道资料可以有效地应用于海洋沿岸水体的悬浮泥沙浓度和大洋水体的叶绿素ａ浓度的测量。为了今后中国气象卫星上加海洋通道获得更佳应用效果，本文最后提出了一些新建议。 相似文献
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悬浮泥沙作为重要水质参数，其分布和动态变化对河口及近岸的生态、环境、物质循环等都具有深远的影响。我国静止轨道高分四号(GF-4)卫星数据具有高时间和高空间分辨率的观测优势，在水色遥感上具有重大应用潜力。为探究GF-4卫星对悬浮泥沙浓度的监测能力，本文以杭州湾为研究区，构建反演模型，利用静止海洋水色成像仪进行交叉验证。结果表明，以GF-4卫星第5和第4波段遥感反射率的比值作为遥感因子建立的反演模型精度较高，决定系数为0.92，均方根误差为223.2 mg/L，平均相对误差为17.2%。交叉验证结果显示，GF-4卫星作为一种新的遥感数据源，在低浓度区与静止海洋水色成像仪反演悬浮泥沙浓度分布相似，但在高浓度区的差异随浓度增高而增大，总体可满足中国大部分海区的监测需求。 相似文献
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Atmospheric correction for China''s coastal water color remote sensing 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
INTRODUcrIONMeasurements from satellite have demonstrated that space sensor can be applied to measurethe sPectra of water-leaving radiance and proven that ocean color remote sensing is a powerfultcol for understanding oceanic, biological and physical processes. One sPecial ocean color satel-lite heaStar was successfully launched in August l997. It has brought to oceanOgraphers a wel-comed and improvd renewal of the ocean color of CZCS, VHRSR and arS. ffeaWiFS con-tributes much bette… 相似文献
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J. Ishizaka H. Fukushima M. Kishino T. Saino M. Takahashi 《Journal of Oceanography》1992,48(3):305-327
Phytoplankton pigment (chlorophylla+pheopigments) distributions in a regional upwelling around the Izu Peninsula obtained by the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) on May 23, 1982, were compared with ship-observed pigment and satellite sea-surface-temperature distributions. Pigment concentrations detected by the CZCS were positively correlated with the ship-observed pigment concentrations. However, they were about factor of 5 smaller when atmospheric correction parameters known for typical oceanic and land aerosol were used and when the parameters were estimated with the clear water algorithm. When the atmospheric correction parameters were adjusted so that a pigment concentration derived by CZCS was equivalent to a concentration obtained by the ship at a coincide location, the pattern and magnitudes of the CZCS-derived pigment distributions showed remarkable agreement with ship-observed pigment distributions. Thus, the normal atmospheric correction algorithm may not be suitable for waters around Japan, and the development of better atmospheric correction methods combined with more verification programs is required. The pigment distributions showed patterns that were similar to those observed in sea-surface-temperature distributions. Cold water showed higher pigment concentrations, and warm water showed lower pigment concentrations. The Kuroshio, which can be identified by generally warm, low pigment water, showed a large meander which flowed offshore at Shiono-misaki, looped back onshore from Hachijo Island to Omaezaki and then flowed northeast along the Izu and Boso Peninsulas. Locally upwelled water along the Izu Peninsula was seen clearly in the sea-surface-temperature and CZCS pigment distributions as a region of cold water and high pigment concentrations. Cold upwelled waters were also found at the eastern side of the Izu Islands, but pigment concentrations in these waters was not always high. This difference in the two upwelling regions may be caused by different physical and biological interactions. 相似文献
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The algorithms of extracting chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) concentration have been established for Chinese moderate resolution imaging spectrometer(CMODIS) mounted on Shenzhou-3 spaceship launched on 25 March 2002.The CMODIS is an ocean color sensor with 30 visible channels and 4 infrared channels,much different from other ocean color satellites and needs new algorithms to process data.Three models of Chl-a concentration were established based on Chl-a data retrieved from sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor(SeaWiFS),with the average relative errors of 26.6%,24%.0% and 33.5%,respectively.This practical and economic approach can be used for developing the algorithms of Chinese ocean color and temperature sensor(COCTS) on the satellite Haiyang-1 to derive the Chl-a concentration concentration distribution.The applicability of the algorithms was analyzed using some in situ measurements.Suspended sediment is the main factor influencing the accuracy of the spectral ratio algorithms of Chl-a concentration.The algorithms are suitable to using in the regions where suspended sediment concentrations(SSC) are less than 5 g/m3 under the condition of relative error of Chl-a concentration retrieval within 35%.High concentration of suspended sediment leads to the overestimate remote sensing retrieval of concentration of Chl-a,while low-middle SSCs lead to the low Chl-a concentration values using the spectral ratio algorithms.Since the accuracy of Chl-a concentration by the spectral ratio algorithms is limited to waters of Case 2,it is necessary to develop semi-analytical models to improve the performance of satellite ocean color remote sensing in turbid coastal waters. 相似文献
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The data of SeaWiFS (Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor), installed on SeaStar, has been used to generate SSC (suspended sediment concentration) of complex and turbid coastal waters in China. In view of the problems of the SeaDAS (SeaWiFS Data Analysis System) algorithm applied to China coastal waters, a new atmospheric correction algorithm is discussed, developed, and used for the SSC of East China coastal waters. The advantages of the new algorithm are described through the comparison of the restdts from different algorithms. 相似文献
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Richard W. Eppley 《Progress in Oceanography》1992,30(1-4)
The study of phytoplankton distributions and processes in these waters has been stimulated in recent years (1) by the synoptic views of surface pigment afforded by the Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) aboard the NIMBUS-7 satellite; (2) by rapid developments in bio-optical oceanography toward the estimation of in situ photosynthetic rate; (3) by use of sediment traps and geochemical tracers to determine the flux of organic matter from the euphotic zone; and (4) by measurements of new production based on the utilization of nitrate by the plankton. The evolution and rationale of the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study of ocean biogeochemical cycles and ocean climate changes serve to focus much of the work. In that context, a major goal is to assess new/export production on large time and space scales accessible to date only by remote sensing. 相似文献
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Waters along China coast are very turbid with high concentrations of suspended sediment nearly all the time,especially at the Hangzhou Bay,the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary and the shoal along Jiangsu Province.In these turbid and optically complex waters,the standard MODIS ocean color products tend to have invalid values.Because the water-leaving radiances in the near-infrared (NIR) are significant resulting from the strong scattering of suspended particles,the standard MODIS atmospheric correction algorithm often gets no results or produces significant errors.And because of the complex water optical properties,the OC3 model used in the standard MODIS data processing tends to get extremely high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations.In this paper,we present an atmospheric correction approach using MODIS short wave infrared (SWIR) bands based on the fact that water-leaving radiances are negligible in the SWIR region because of the extreme strong absorption of water even in turbid waters.A regional Chl-a concentration estimation model is also constructed for MODIS from in situ data.These algorithms are applied to MODIS Aqua data processing in the China coastal regions.In situ data collected in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea in spring and autumn,2003 are used to validate the performance.Reasonably good results have been obtained.It is noted that water-leaving reflectance in the NIR bands are significant in waters along the China coast with high sediment loadings.The satellite derived and in-situ reflectance spectra can match in the turbid waters along China coast,and there is relatively good linear relationship between satellite derived and in-situ reflectance.The RMSE value of Rrs(λ) is 0.0031 sr ?1 for all the nine ocean color bands (412 to 869 nm).The satellite-derived Chl-a value is in the reasonable range and the root mean square percentage difference is 46.1%. 相似文献
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Evidence that satellites sense the cross-sectional area of suspended particles in shelf seas and estuaries better than their mass 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Quantitative algorithms for the remote sensing of suspended sediments in shelf seas and estuaries have traditionally sought
to relate the signal sensed by the satellite radiometer to the mass of particles in suspension. In situ measurements presented in this paper, however, show that the irradiance reflection coefficient
at the sea surface is more closely related to the cross-sectional area of particles in suspension than to their mass. Other optical properties (which in turbid water depend on particle area) can
therefore be related directly to the reflection coefficient. To interpret satellite data in terms of mass concentration (for
testing numerical models of suspended sediment transport, for example), it is necessary to know the relationship between the
area and mass of the particles. For the 2008–2009 dataset presented here for western UK coastal waters, the particle cross-sectional
area varies by a factor of 5 for particles of a given size and mass. The causes of this variation are currently poorly understood. 相似文献
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近岸海域悬浮颗粒物的分布与扩散对水体生态环境、海岸地貌演变、水产养殖以及海岸工程等有重要影响。由于刁口河流路的改道,黄河三角洲北部成为强烈侵蚀岸段,揭示该区域的悬浮物浓度变化特征和规律是防护工程安全维护的基础。利用经良好检验的模型反演近岸海域悬浮物浓度,Landsat-8和Sentinel-2卫星影像反演结果的交叉验证表明,基于两种传感器反演的悬浮物浓度具有较强的一致性,两种卫星数据可以结合使用。研究区近岸海域悬浮物浓度季节变化明显,冬季和春季悬浮物浓度较高,夏季较低,秋季是悬浮物浓度从低向高转换的季节。冬、春季该区域风浪较大,在波浪掀沙和潮流输沙的联合作用下,底床泥沙强烈再悬浮,是形成悬浮物的主要来源,丁坝群的修建也在一定程度上改变了悬浮物的时空分布。 相似文献
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悬浮泥沙和叶绿素是海洋水色的重要部分,是反映河口海岸地区生态环境状况的重要指标。本文基于Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像,在不依赖地面实测数据的条件下,结合水文气象数据,利用光谱信息建立水色遥感模型对莱州湾1996—2015年不同时期的悬浮泥沙和叶绿素变化进行研究。研究结果表明:(1)此模型可以快速反演出较大空间尺度内的水色时空分布情况。(2)1996—2015年这一时期内悬浮泥沙浓度变化明显,枯水期的悬浮泥沙扩散范围总体大于丰水期,悬浮泥沙高浓度区主要分布在黄河口附近海域和沿岸区域,泥沙主要来源于陆源输沙和海水中的泥沙再悬浮,悬浮泥沙的扩散主要受潮流的影响,风和波浪等动力因素也在一定程度上影响着悬浮泥沙的扩散;(3)此外,莱州湾叶绿素高浓度区主要分布在莱州湾东—南部海域,其分布具有明显的季节性,春季(5月)海水温度升高,水中营养物质垂直混合好使得叶绿素浓度处于较高态势。 相似文献
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The two-dimensional wavelet transform is a very efficient bandpass filter, which can be used to separate various scales of processes and show their relative phase/location. In this paper, algorithms and techniques for automated detection and tracking of mesoscale features from satellite imagery employing wavelet analysis are developed. The wavelet transform has been applied to satellite images, such as those from synthetic aperture radar (SAR), advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR), and coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) for feature extraction. The evolution of mesoscale features such as oil slicks, fronts, eddies, and ship wakes can be tracked by the wavelet analysis using satellite data from repeating paths. Several examples of the wavelet analysis applied to various satellite images demonstrate the feasibility of this technique for coastal monitoring 相似文献