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基于AMS~(14)C定年结果,对近千年来台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物的粒度、黏土矿物组成及结晶学特征等进行研究,分析该区沉积特征、物质来源及近千年来环境演化的沉积记录。结果表明,台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物主要为细粒的粉砂和黏土,沉积速率平均为34.44 cm/ka,低于东海陆架和冲绳海槽南部,高于开阔大洋,具有从陆架向大洋过渡的沉积特征。黏土矿物组成的分析结果表明,台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物黏土矿物组成以伊利石(平均57%)和蒙脱石(平均25%)为主,含有少量绿泥石(平均16%),几乎不含高岭石(平均2%),其中蒙脱石主要来源于吕宋岛弧物质输送和附近海域原位的基性火山物质蚀变,伊利石和绿泥石主要来源于亚洲大陆风尘输送和台湾东部河流输入,高岭石主要来源于台湾东部河流和吕宋岛弧物质输入。黏土矿物的物源定量识别研究表明,研究站位的黏土矿物有26%～72%来源于亚洲大陆风尘输送,11%～55%来源于台湾东部河流输入,11%～26%来源于吕宋岛弧物质输送。近千年来沉积物物源的变化特征较好地反映了中世纪暖期、小冰期和现代暖期这3个百年尺度的全球性气候变化阶段。亚洲大陆风尘输送和台湾东部河流输入对研究区沉积物的相对贡献量变化反映了中世纪暖期较强的东亚冬季风特征和台湾地区较为干旱的气候环境,同时也反映了小冰期逐渐减弱的东亚冬季风强度和台湾地区较为湿润的气候环境。现代暖期和中世纪暖期在东亚热力差异和降水异常上的差别反映了人类活动对沉积物的扰动。而研究区小规模的沉积特征突变事件主要与暴雨、台风和地震活动相关。 相似文献
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台湾东部黑潮区海源碳的沉积物记录与近千年来生产力与气候变化的反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文基于对台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物的粒度和定年，通过解析沉积物总有机碳及其同位素组成获取海源碳变化特征，首次报道了该海区近千年来的初级生产力与气候变化反演结果。研究显示，台湾以东黑潮主流区近千年来的平均沉积速率为34.44 cm/ka，沉积环境较为稳定。另外，台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物中的总有机碳和总氮含量主要受台湾东部河流输入、海洋初级生产力的沉降过程、成岩作用和粒度效应影响。对沉积物海源碳的定量估算表明，近千年来台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物中40.02%~73.88%的有机质为海源输入，陆源输送次之。同时，近千年来台湾以东黑潮主流区沉积物记录较好地反映了中世纪暖期、小冰期和现代暖期3个气候变化阶段。1150-1420年期间，沉积物中总有机碳、总氮和海源碳含量缓慢升高，较高的表层海水温度有利于海洋初级生产力水平的升高。1500-1840年期间，较低的表层海水温度和亚洲大陆风尘输送水平使得海洋初级生产力较低，同时台湾地区小冰期较高的降水量有利于台湾东部河流向海输送，增强的水动力条件可能会加强海底沉积物的东移，从而导致该区域沉积物中总有机碳含量的增加。进入现代暖期以来研究区的海水温度逐渐增暖，而东亚季风强度和降水量却表现出波动的年际变化特征，并体现在研究区1930-1950年和1970年期间沉积物的中值粒径、总有机碳和总氮含量的快速波动。 相似文献
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黑潮(Kuroshio)作为太平洋上一支强大的西边界流,起源于菲律宾以东海域,经吕宋海峡,从台湾以东进入东海,穿越吐噶喇海峡进入日本以南海域,最后汇入北太平洋环流。本文作者所指源区是从菲律宾的吕宋岛以东至我国台湾岛以东之间,在此区域黑潮流经吕宋海峡,流态发生显著变化,是近几年来各国学者研究的重点。关于菲律宾以东黑潮的研究较少,作者重点阐述吕宋海峡处和台湾以东黑潮的研究进展。一、吕宋海峡处黑潮吕宋海峡由巴士海峡、巴林塘海峡和巴布延海峡三个海峡组成。该区属于副热带海洋性气候,具有明显的季风特点。吕宋海峡靠近台湾一侧的… 相似文献
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冲绳海槽中南部不同环境表层沉积物质来源 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对冲绳海槽中南部3种不同沉积环境(东海外陆架、东海陆坡和冲绳海槽)表层沉积物进行了稀土等元素地球化学分析,结果显示,冲绳海槽和陆坡表层沉积物具有与台湾物质来源类似的稀土元素配分模式,La/Sm-Gd/Yb散点图也显示海槽和陆坡沉积物主要分布在台湾物源端元区,表明冲绳海槽中南部海槽和陆坡表层沉积物主要来源于台湾,而外陆架沉积物明显的重稀土亏损与大陆河流(特别是长江、黄河)沉积物来源较为一致。为进一步判断外陆架表层沉积物来源,对外陆架沉积物重矿物进行分析鉴定,结果显示,外陆架沉积物重矿物以普通角闪石-绿帘石-石榴石-赤褐铁矿为组合特征,与长江沉积物重矿物组成特征类似,其明显缺乏台湾河流来源的典型重矿物锆石、黄河来源典型重矿物云母、浙闽沿岸来源典型重矿物磁铁矿,说明台湾、黄河和浙闽沿岸并非研究区外陆架表层沉积物主要物源。根据以往测年等研究成果,研究区外陆架沉积物年代较老,应为古长江物质经东海现代环流体系不断改造而成。 相似文献
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通过对东海外陆架-陆坡-冲绳海槽表层沉积物粒度和黏土矿物组成的分析,探讨了3个不同沉积单元底质沉积物成因及物质来源。结果表明,东海外陆架→陆坡→冲绳海槽,沉积物粒度整体上逐渐变细。东海外陆架沉积物具有明显海滩砂或者破浪带砂的特征,为晚更新世冰消期海侵的产物,属于"残留沉积"。海槽西坡沉积物粒度参数具有重力流沉积特征,反映了沉积物由外陆架向海槽以滑塌或重力流的搬运方式。海槽槽底细颗粒沉积物悬移组分占主导的特点体现了半深海沉积特征,其主要来源于台湾和中国大陆长江、闽江等入海河流。物质来源一方面反映了黑潮对于细颗粒台湾源物质的输运的巨大作用;另一方面体现了来源于中国大陆源细颗粒物质存在以近底侧向搬运、"冬贮夏输"悬浮搬运等多种输运机制。 相似文献
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黑潮与邻近东海生源要素的交换及其生态环境效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
黑潮与东海生源要素的交换对东海的生态环境有重大影响,交换主要是经台湾东北部海域输送至东海陆架和通过日本九州西南海域由东海陆架向外海的黑潮输出两个通道。中国科学院海洋先导专项对黑潮与邻近东海生源要素的交换特征进行了系统的调查和研究,获得了一些新的认识:(1)在台湾东北部区域,碳主要以表层水-次表层水为载体输入,秋季的输入量高于夏季;黑潮溶解态营养盐的输入占据绝对主导地位,且以黑潮次表层热带水-中层水的输入为主,输入通量春季高于夏、秋季,可为东海春季水华提供一定的物质基础,但输入到东海的黑潮水其氮磷比与Redfield比值(16:1)接近,这些"正常水"——黑潮的输入显然对调和东海异常高的氮磷比有重要的作用,从而对东海的生态环境起到"稳定和缓冲"作用。所以,黑潮水对东海的输入不仅维持补充了东海生态系统运转所需的生源要素,更为重要的是缓冲了受人为影响强烈的东海海水的高氮磷比,使东海本已失常的营养盐结构向合适的氮磷比方向转变。因此,黑潮与东海生源要素的输入在一定程度上起着稳定和缓和东海生态环境的作用。(2)通过构建的海水Ba-盐度新指标体系,定量细致刻画了黑潮对东海生源物质在台湾东北部区域的输入范围和程度,黑潮次表层水从台湾东北陆架坡折处沿底部向北偏西方向入侵东海,其近岸分支可以入侵到浙江近岸,其黑潮次表层水占比仍可达到65%左右。垂直方向上,陆架外侧站位受黑潮次表层水的影响范围更大,黑潮水占50%比例位置可延伸至外侧TW0-1站位(122.59°E,25.49°N)表层,而内侧靠近大陆的站位则只限于陆架中部位置底层。 相似文献
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本文系统性地总结了第四纪黑潮源区沉积物的源-汇过程、主要控制因素及其碳循环效应方面的最新研究进展。基于不同学科的综合性指标研究结果一致表明:黑潮源区的碎屑沉积物主要来源于附近的吕宋岛和大陆架及远端的亚洲东部沙漠。在轨道、千年和百年等不同时间尺度上两者对研究区的物质输入主要与海平面高度和东亚季风强度相关,并最终受控于高、低纬过程的双重驱动。而人类活动对黑潮源区的影响则出现于距今2100 a。上述陆源物质对研究区的输入过程与古海洋生物生产力、海底有机碳埋藏通量和大气二氧化碳浓度间也有着良好的协变性,表明黑潮源区的沉积物源-汇过程对全球碳循环起着重要的调节作用。上述研究工作可以为更好地预测未来气候环境的变化趋势提供关键低纬度海区的区域性资料和理论支持。 相似文献
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台湾东北部黑潮表层水入侵东海陆架的季节变化规律 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于1998～2011 年进入台湾东北部的WOCE-SVP(World Ocean Circulation Experiment -Surface Velocity Programme)计划的Argos 浮标运行轨道数据, 分析了台湾东北部的环流特征、黑潮表层水入侵东海陆架的季节变化规律。结果表明: 在春夏季, 黑潮表层水入侵仅限于陆架外缘, 而在秋冬季, 黑潮表层水可深入东海陆架或进入台湾海峡。自黑潮区入侵至100 m 和150 m 等深线的浮标数量在秋冬季较多, 春夏季较少。台湾海峡的浮标轨迹在春夏季几乎皆为北向, 在秋冬季皆为南向。在秋季, 东海中部和南部陆架会在黑潮西侧出现逆流和涡旋。可见, 台湾东北部环流具有显著的季节特征; 黑潮表层水入侵东海陆架在秋冬季较强, 春夏季较弱。本研究采用最新的Argos 浮标数据, 揭示了台湾东北部黑潮入侵东海陆架的季节变化规律。 相似文献
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台湾东北部黑潮次表层水入侵的季节变化规律 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
台湾东北部,黑潮次表层水常年入侵东海陆架。但是黑潮次表层水入侵的季节变化规律,尚存在很多不明之处。本文基于2009至2011年间东海4个航次的CTD实测数据,研究了黑潮次表层水入侵东海过程的季节变化规律,发现:黑潮次表层水入侵在春末夏初开始加强,夏季最强,秋季开始减弱,冬季最弱。入侵的黑潮次表层水起源深度也随季节变化有所不同。另外,结果还表明黑潮次表层水入侵存在明显的短期变动。 相似文献
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As a fundamental study to evaluate the contribution of the Kuroshio to primary production in the East China Sea (ECS), we
investigated the seasonal pattern of the intrusion from the Kuroshio onto the continental shelf of the ECS and the behavior
of the intruded Kuroshio water, using the RIAM Ocean Model (RIAMOM). The total intruded volume transport across the 200m isobath
line was evaluated as 2.74 Sv in winter and 2.47 Sv in summer, while the intruded transport below 80m was estimated to be
1.32 Sv in winter and 1.64 Sv in summer. Passive tracer experiments revealed that the main intrusion from the Kuroshio to
the shelf area of the ECS, shallower than 80m, takes place through the lower layer northeast of Taiwan in summer, with a volume
transport of 0.19 Sv. Comparative studies show several components affecting the intrusion of the Kuroshio across the 200 m
isobath line. The Kuroshio water intruded less onto the shelf compared with a case without consideration of tide-induced bottom
friction, especially northeast of Taiwan. The variations of the transport from the Taiwan Strait and the east of Taiwan have
considerable effects on the intrusion of the Kuroshio onto the shelf. 相似文献
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The hydrographic surveys in an area immediately northeast of Taiwan showed that the Kuroshio surface water intruded onto the shelf in the spring and there was a thick mixed layer and weak vertical stratification in the Kuroshio at the time. During the summer season, a strong thermocline was developed in the Kuroshio and the flow shifted offshore from Taiwan in front of the continental shelf break of the East China Sea. A numerical model is used to examine the effect of this seasonal thermocline on the flow pattern of the survey area. We find that the surface strength of the disturbance above the Su-Ao ridge is closely related to the occurrence of the on-shelf intrusion of Kuroshio. The presence of a seasonal thermocline in the Kuroshio can greatly diminish this disturbance in the surface level. 相似文献
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On the basis of hydrographic data and moored current meter records obtained during an early summer cruise (May 20–June 23) of 1986, a three dimensional diagnostic calculation of the circulation is performed in the survey area, which covers the East China Sea continental shelf, Okinawa Trough and an area east of the Ryukyu Island. The Kuroshio Current condition and structure in the East China Sea, its branches and their interrelationship as well as the eddies around the Kuroshio, are discussed. When the Kuroshio entered the area northeast of Taiwan, there were two branches. The main branch flowed northeastward along the continental slope and the other branch was at the eastern part of the Okinawa Trough. The main axis of the Kuroshio followed the continental slope above the 300 m level, but moved gradually eastward to the Okinawa Trough below the 300 m level. 相似文献
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Study on interaction between the coastal water, shelf water and Kuroshio water in the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
The main processes of interaction between the coastal water, shelf water and Kuroshiowater in the Huanghai Sea (HS) and East China Sea (ECS) are analyzed based on the observation and study results in recent years. These processes include the intrusion of the Kuroshio water into the shelf area of the ECS, the entrainment of the shelf water into the Kuroshio, the seasonal process in the southern shelf area of the ECS controlled alternatively by the Taiwan Strait water and the Kuroshio water intruding into the shelf area, the interaction between the Kuroshio branch water, shelf mixed water and modified coastal water in the northeastern ECS, the water-exchange between the HS and ECS and the spread of the Changjiang diluted water. 相似文献
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Surface current field and seasonal variability in the Kuroshio and adjacent regions derived from satellite-tracked drifter data 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
The muhiyear averaged surface current field and seasonal variability in the Kuroshio and adjacent regions are studied. The data used are trajectories and （1/4） ° latitude by （1/4） ° longitude mean currents derived from 323 Argos drifters deployed by Chinese institutions and world ocean circulation experiment from 1979 to 2003. The results show that the Kuroshio surface path adapts well to the western boundary topography and exhibits six great turnings. The branching occurs frequently near anticyclonic turnings rather than near cyclonic ones. In the Luzon Strait, the surface water intrusion into the South China Sea occurs only in fall and winter. The Kuroshio surface path east of Taiwan, China appears nearly as straight lines in summer, fall, and winter, when anticyclonic eddies coexist on its right side; while the path may cyclonically turning in spring when no eddy exists. The Kuroshio intrusion northeast of Taiwan often occurs in fall and winter, but not in summer. The running direction, width and velocity of the middle segment of the Kuroshio surface currents in the East China Sea vary seasonally. The northward intrusion of the Kuroshio surface water southwest of Kyushu occurs in spring and fall, but not in summer. The northmost position of the Kuroshio surface path southwest of Kyushu occurs in fall, but never goes beyond 31 °N. The northward surface current east of the Ryukyu Islands exists only along Okinawa-Amami Islands from spring to fall. In particular, it appears as an arm of an anti- cyclonic eddy in fall. 相似文献
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夏季台湾海峡水及黑潮次表层涌升水向东海近陆架区营养盐输送通量的估算 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
According to historical mean ocean current data through the field observations of the Taiwan Ocean Research Institute during 1991–2005 and survey data of nutrients on the continental shelf of the East China Sea(ECS) in the summer of 2006, nutrient fluxes from the Taiwan Strait and Kuroshio subsurface waters are estimated using a grid interpolation method, which both are the sources of the Taiwan Warm Current. The nutrient fluxes of the two water masses are also compared. The results show that phosphate(PO4-P), silicate(SiO3-Si) and nitrate(NO3-N) fluxes to the ECS continental shelf from the Kuroshio upwelling water are slightly higher than those from the Taiwan Strait water in the summer of 2006. In contrast, owing to its lower velocity, the nutrient flux density(i.e., nutrient fluxes divided by the area of the specific section) of the Kuroshio subsurface water is lower than that of the Taiwan Strait water. In addition, the Taiwan Warm Current deep water, which is mainly constituted by the Kuroshio subsurface water, might directly reach the areas of high-frequency harmful alga blooms in the ECS. 相似文献
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吕宋海峡是南海与外界水交换的重要通道,黑潮作为北太平洋最强的1支西边界流,在经过吕宋海峡时会对南海北部的环流和环境产生重要影响。本文用1991—2011年期间CTD断面实测资料和高度计资料,提取23.0~25.5 kg/m3等密度面之间的盐度极大值,研究了南海北部不同年月盐度极大值变化、黑潮入侵方式与强弱,以及盐度极大值变化与北赤道流分叉点南北移动的关系,结果表明:(1)黑潮入侵南海方式多样,既有分支形式,也有弯曲、流套形式。(2)不同年月间,黑潮入侵南海的强弱存在较大差别,120°E断面的次表层盐度极大值的变动可超过0.3。(3)北赤道流分叉点位置的南北变动对黑潮入侵南海的强弱具有重要影响:北赤道流分叉点位置偏北,黑潮入侵南海较强;北赤道流分叉点位置偏南,则黑潮入侵相对较弱。 相似文献