共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
为优化辽宁省海水养殖业的产业结构,促进海洋生态文明建设和海洋经济高质量发展,文章在分析辽宁省围海养殖现状的基础上,从生态效益和经济效益2个方面论证围海养殖的用海效益,并对退出机制提出建议。研究结果表明:辽宁省围海养殖规模较大,已对近岸海域生态环境造成不良影响;通过建立投入产出指标体系并计算投入产出比,围海养殖的生态效益较低;以围海养殖海参为例,通过分析其单位产量、单位产值和养殖面积,综合考虑产业贡献和养殖方式对比的情况,围海养殖的经济效益降低;由于用海效益总体较低,围海养殖的逐步退出势在必行,应采取清退或清除的方式,针对不同类别科学建立退出机制。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
参考海水产品消费量推算海域使用面积的思路,厘清了水产品消费量和养殖用海面积之间的关系。通过重建和完善养殖用海需求量估算的数学模型,开展了我国沿海地区基本养殖用海需求量的预测研究,并推算出2050年全国沿海11个省(区、市)基本养殖用海需求面积。预测结果可以为全国养殖用海的保有量目标、沿海地方基本养殖用海规模的划定等方面提供参考。研究表明:2050年我国基本养殖用海总需求量为421.24万hm2;其中,山东省和辽宁省的基本养殖用海需求面积最大,在全国总需求量中占比为45%;广西壮族自治区和海南省的需求量相对较小;天津市和河北省的养殖用海供需比最低,建议这两个地方在新一轮海洋功能区划编制时考虑扩大养殖用海规模。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
对于养殖用海集约利用评价,目前国内相关研究还非常缺乏。文章借鉴现阶段耕地集约利用的研究方法,结合养殖用海特征,对养殖用海集约利用内涵进行了界定,从海域利用程度、海域投入强度、海域利用效益、海域利用可持续性4个层面遴选10项指标建立了养殖用海集约利用评价指标体系,并以2016年为数据年份,选取我国9个沿海省、市、自治区进行区域养殖用海集约利用评价分析。结果显示,我国养殖用海集约利用整体处于较低水平,暂无高度集约利用省份,福建、广西、天津、山东等地处于相对集约状态,并从各准则维度进行了细化分析,提出优化利用方向。 相似文献
9.
10.
养殖海域承载力是衡量海水养殖业可持续发展水平的重要判据。文章构建包含压力、状态、响应3个准则层共14个评价指标的养殖海域承载力评价指标体系，基于2008-2019年我国沿海地区数据，运用熵权TOPSIS法确定指标权重并计算养殖海域承载力综合得分。研究结果表明：我国养殖海域承载力逐年提高，综合得分从2008年的0.342升至2019年的0.458；压力层和状态层得分较高，年均值分别为0.689和0.799，响应层得分较低，年均值仅为0.318；响应层得分较低是我国养殖海域承载力综合得分较低的最重要原因。研究期间，我国沿海地区社会经济活动对养殖海域产生的资源环境压力先下降、后持平、再上升，近岸海域的健康状态和受污染程度呈波动趋势。我国养殖海域承载力具有明显的区域差异，其中综合得分平均值最高的是广东，其次是海南、山东和江苏；水产技术推广机构数量、海洋科研教育管理服务业占比、海水养殖业绿色全要素生产率是影响养殖海域承载力的最重要指标，海水养殖产值占GDP比重、工业废水中化学需氧量排放量、近岸海域水质等指标也对养殖海域承载力有较大贡献。 相似文献
11.
营口市位于辽宁省的中南部，面对渤海的辽东湾，背依鞍山市平原丘陵，东邻辽东崇山峻岭，西接盘锦市沿海平原，有辽河蜿蜒人海，海岸线绵延曲折。由于受海洋、河流的影响．营口市四季分明，气候宜人，蕴藏着丰富的滨海旅游资源，海蚀景观、地质珍迹、人文景观等资源各显异彩；尤其是海水浴场，条件极为优越，与国际上一流的海水浴场相比．毫不逊色，在某些特征上还稍胜一筹。 相似文献
12.
A. P. Tolstosheev 《Physical Oceanography》2009,19(6):358-365
A method for the estimation of the results of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting buoys is proposed. It is based
on the comparison of the estimates of power spectral densities for the components of current velocity computed according to
three data sets: the data set of the coordinates of a drifting buoy with a built-in GPS receiver, the data set of coordinates formed on the basis of the first set but with data missing and observational errors
corresponding to the actual trajectory measurements by the Argos satellite location and data collection system by the Doppler method, and the data set of coordinates obtained as a result
of interpolation of the second set. As an example, we consider the procedure of realization of the proposed method and demonstrate
the efficiency of its application for the improvement of the reliability of reconstruction of the trajectories of drifting
buoys. 相似文献
13.
14.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
An attempt has been made to estimate the fishery potentials of the EEZ of India on the basis of data on primary and secondary production. The total column primary production and zooplankton production have been calculated to be 265·9 and 9 million tonnes of carbon per year, respectively. From these values the fishery potential has been estimated as 2·5 million tonnes per year. To this, if we add the estimated demersal fish catch, being 1·2 million tonnes per year, the total potential yield comes to 3·7 million tonnes per year. Since the present average total catch is about 1·6 million tonnes in a year, the fish catch could be doubled. 相似文献
16.
天然气水合物地球化学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
天然气水合物是在低温、高压以及有足够气体供应条件下形成的一种天然气(主要为甲烷)与水组成的似冰状固态化合物。天然气水合物中包含的甲烷碳是全球甲烷资源的重要组成部分,是一种数量巨大的潜在能源[1]。而且由于甲烷的温室效应,天然气水合物分解释放的甲烷进入大气中会严重 相似文献
17.
1992年，联合国21世纪议程提出了综合管理的概念，并认为它是海岸管理的最重要目标，而海岸管理的目的就是改进业已存在的管理实践的效率和效果。在21世纪议程的实施过程中，沿海国家面临着巨大的困难，即：为了使综合管理在实践中具有可操作性而建立适合的政府机构。韩国正是在国家范围和次一级区域进行这项工作的实验场所。这项工作的最重要成就是在1996年成立了具有综合协调各涉海部门职能的韩国海洋事务与渔业部（MOMAF）。这篇文章的内容主要来自于这些观察，即韩国政府为建立海岸带综合机制而进行了各种努力，特别是1992年联合国环发大会召开后到1997年初海洋事务与渔业部成立了海岸带管理处这段时间里开展的各种工作，文章重点在于评价在建立海岸带综合机制的过程中综合的概念是如何被应用并被挑战的。文章提出了在东亚地区沿海国家开展合作的可能区域的建议。 相似文献
18.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
19.
20.
Values of root mean square slope 0 and its variations -0 are estimated using the brightness field of an image of the surface of the sea near a speck of light. When 0 and -0 are defined it is highly important to take into account direct as well as dissipated solar radiation.The space-time analysis of the structure of the image brightness field is performed. This gives an opportunity to estimate dispersion relationship and the running effect of a brightness contrast packet. Comparison of the parameters obtained with the theoretical dispersion ratio of internal waves (IW) allows one to make a conclusion that IW surface manifestations are recorded in a frame.UDK 551.463.5 相似文献