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1.
天目山千亩田泥炭腐殖化度记录的中全新世气候变化 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
以14C测年为基础,构建了天目山千亩田地区泥炭沼泽剖面年龄-深度模式曲线,通过该区的腐殖化度与烧失量分析研究,发现两者呈现出很好的相关性,共同记录了该地区4 200 aBP以来的气候变化,可划分出3个主要阶段:早期(4 135±40~3 200 aBP)泥炭腐殖化度偏低,指示气候湿热;中期(3 200~630 aBP)泥炭腐殖化度偏高,指示气候温凉偏干;晚期(630 aBP以来),泥炭腐殖化度偏低,气候温凉湿润。 相似文献
2.
全新世泥炭古气候记录研究进展 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
以年代标尺和古气候代用指标的建立为线索，总结了国内外近年来对全新世泥炭沉积古气候记录研究取得的最新进展，展望了未来泥炭古环境记录研究的前景，指出在建立可靠年代标尺和可靠环境代用指标过程中存在的一些急需解决的问题，如年代标尺与环境代用指标序列的协调问题，提出在泥炭剖面年代标尺建立过程中有必要分析环境代用指标，选取合适的组分进行测年。最后，作者指出用泥炭沉积进行全新世大气环境示踪研究具有较好的前景和重要的意义。 相似文献
3.
南岭东部大湖泥炭沉积记录的古气候 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对南岭东部大湖泥炭沉积记录的腐殖化度、总有机碳及磁化率等多环境代用指标的综合分析,在可靠14C测年技术的支持下,重建了南岭东部大湖12 ka以来的气候与环境变化过程。结果发现,约12~9 cal.kaBP,夏季风逐渐增强,降水增多;9 cal.kaBP之后降水减少,季风势力逐渐减弱,其中,约9~6.0 cal.kaBP研究区水热组合状况最好;6.0~4.0 cal.kaBP期间季风降水减少。南岭东部地区近12 ka以来的气候变化与北纬33°夏季太阳辐射变化相类似,在一定程度上表明了气候变化对太阳辐射变化的响应。各气候代用指标序列在反映低纬地区气候变化过程的同时也记录了北半球高纬地区的气候变化信息,这既反映了区域性的气候变化特征,也反映了与全球气候变化较为一致的规律性。 相似文献
4.
近2600年神农架大九湖泥炭的气候变化记录 总被引：24，自引：2，他引：24
神农架大九湖沼泽泥炭柱状样提供了分辨率为25a的约2600a来的气候变化记录。对样品进行了环境磁学参数测量、X射线荧光分析(XRF)、孢粉鉴定和统计建模，结果表明，大九湖气温的变化曲线与竺可桢中国东部的物候温度曲线以及格陵兰氧同位素变化曲线大体一致，与青藏高原东部希门错湖泊沉积物温度代用指标的变化曲线也十分相似。特别是550—1300AD间的相对温暖期，与竺可桢首次提出来的中国东部隋唐温暖期(约600-1000AD)和欧洲的中世纪暖期(930-1240AD)在时间跨度上大致对应。可划分为4个阶段：(1)600BC—550AD，气候相对冷湿；(2)550—1300AD，气候相对凉干；(3)1300—1900AD，气候又转变为冷湿，其中最冷期1400—1900AD可与欧洲的小冰期对应；(4)1900AD至今，气候又开始转向相对凉干。同时发现低频磁化率χlf与铁元素含量之比(χlf／Fe)的变化曲线与利用孢粉分析数据恢复的大九湖气候变化曲线对应得很好，特别是二者都清晰地显示了500—1300AD为一相对暖期。这预示着χlf／Fe可能是泥炭剖面的一个更好的气候记录代用指标。 相似文献
5.
雨养泥炭沼泽古水文定量重建的代用指标——有壳肉足虫化石记录的应用与进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
有壳肉足虫是由壳体包裹细胞质的单细胞原生动物,由于它种类多、对雨养泥炭沼泽水文变化反应敏感且其壳体易于保存,成为一种雨养泥炭沼泽古水文定量重建的代用指标。主要阐述了现代雨养泥炭沼泽有壳肉足虫-环境变量数据库建立的方法和具体步骤,及该指标在古水文及古气候重建上的应用和研究进展。在以欧美为主的地区进行的许多研究发现,利用有壳肉足虫恢复的地下水位记录不仅与其他BSW指标(如植物大化石和腐殖化度)记录变化有很好的一致性,而且它与其他陆地古气候指标、冰心指标、海洋指标及太阳辐射指标等都存在良好的对应关系,充分证实了有壳肉足虫是一种雨养泥炭沼泽古水文的有效代用指标,其重建的地下水位记录能够很好地反映区域古气候的变化。然而截至目前,有壳肉足虫分类学研究、现代生态模拟等方面所存在的问题仍是其应用研究的阻碍,相信随着这些问题的逐步解决,有壳肉足虫在雨养泥炭沼泽古水文及古气候重建上将发挥更大的作用。我国在该领域尚未开展研究,存在较好的研究潜力,而且其成果可以对我国泥炭地的生态管理、开发利用提供科学指导依据。 相似文献
6.
雷州半岛北部晚更新世晚期气候环境变化的泥炭沉积记录 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对雷州半岛北部湛江市郊屋山村和遂溪县下录村两个泥炭剖面的沉积地层和多种气候指标进行了分析,发现两个剖面呈现大致相同的变化特征,表明区域气候是影响此地区泥炭发育的重要因素。在50~30 cal.kaBP期间,此地区气候表现出显著的相对温暖湿润特征,且期间存在多次短尺度的波动,其中千年尺度的Heinrich事件H3—H5在本文中有很好的揭示,其他的一些气候快速变化事件与南京葫芦洞石笋和格陵兰冰心氧同位素记录也有较好的吻合。30 cal.kaBP之后,气候转向相对冷干。气候指标的红色噪声谱分析揭示出约1440 a全剖面最为显著的周期,与大洋热盐环流推动的约1500 a的D-O循环周期相似。雷州半岛北部地区晚更新世晚期中气候变化与高纬度地区冰量以及东亚季风环流的变化密切相关。 相似文献
7.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5)
位于青藏高原念青唐古拉山南缘羊八井盆地的七弄沟分布着广阔的泥炭地,通过提取七弄沟泥炭的腐殖化度和总有机碳信息,并结合14 C测年控制,反演了全新世9.1~3.5cal.kaBP羊八井盆地的环境变化信息。根据泥炭记录的古环境特征,将该地区9.1~3.5cal.kaBP的气候分为3个主要阶段:阶段Ι(9.1~7.4cal.kaBP)温度波动上升阶段,9.1~7.4cal.kaBP七弄沟温度呈波动上升趋势,期间发生了两次比较明显的降温事件,分别发生在9.1和8.0cal.kaBP左右;阶段Ⅱ(7.4~4.7cal.kaBP)温度波动频繁且剧烈阶段,此阶段七弄沟温度波动频繁且剧烈,在6.0和5.8cal.kaBP发生了两次比较显著的降温事件;阶段Ⅲ(4.7~3.5cal.kaBP)温度波动下降阶段,4.7cal.kaBP之后温度呈波动下降的趋势,但是波动的频率和幅度远比第二阶段小,仅在4.0cal.kaBP发生了比较显著的降温事件。 相似文献
8.
孙诚诚周立旻郑祥民牛蕊孟庆浩王琳杜丹丹徐洪阳王振褚慧敏 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2016,(5):149-155
位于青藏高原念青唐古拉山南缘羊八井盆地的七弄沟分布着广阔的泥炭地,通过提取七弄沟泥炭的腐殖化度和总有机碳信息,并结合14 C测年控制,反演了全新世9.1～3.5cal.kaBP羊八井盆地的环境变化信息。根据泥炭记录的古环境特征,将该地区9.1～3.5cal.kaBP的气候分为3个主要阶段：阶段Ι（9.1～7.4cal.kaBP）温度波动上升阶段,9.1～7.4cal.kaBP七弄沟温度呈波动上升趋势,期间发生了两次比较明显的降温事件,分别发生在9.1和8.0cal.kaBP左右;阶段Ⅱ（7.4～4.7cal.kaBP）温度波动频繁且剧烈阶段,此阶段七弄沟温度波动频繁且剧烈,在6.0和5.8cal.kaBP发生了两次比较显著的降温事件;阶段Ⅲ（4.7～3.5cal.kaBP）温度波动下降阶段,4.7cal.kaBP之后温度呈波动下降的趋势,但是波动的频率和幅度远比第二阶段小,仅在4.0cal.kaBP发生了比较显著的降温事件。 相似文献
9.
海南岛红树林泥炭的海侵成因研究及其意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文在海南岛全新世红树林泥炭及其含沉积特特征，形成环境详细研究的基础上，对比会南晚更新世以来的海平面变化，综合分析得出：红树林泥炭形成于泥炭坪相；晚更新世晚期－全新世的快速海侵为含炭沉积的形成提供了古地理背景；红树林泥炭发育于４０００ａ以来的海平面波动上升时期；泥炭坪的发育主要取决于海平面的上升速度和植物有机质的堆积速度。海南岛全新世海侵成碳的研究为华北晚古生代含煤建筑的解释提供了比较沉积学的论据 相似文献
10.
福建沿海晚第四纪泥炭形成的分期及其与气候、海面变化的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据泥炭层的~(14)C测年数据和孢粉分析结果,并结合有关海平面变化资料,对福建沿海晚第四纪泥炭的形成期及其与相应的古气候、古海面变化的关系进行了讨论。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
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19.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献