共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 170 毫秒
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超短基线定位解算中的距离观测值是指换能器与水下应答器之间的直线距离，而海水声速的不均匀分布导致声波在海水中的实际传播路径为连续弯曲的曲线，需要结合实测声速剖面进行声线修正。根据声速在分层介质中的传播特性，本文提出了一种基于二次多项式拟合的声线跟踪算法，采用线性插值方法对声速剖面数据进行合理加密并按等深度进行分层，设定每层声速梯度是不断变化的，用二次多项式拟合声速，基于运动学原理建立了完整的数学解算模型。仿真结果表明，该方法修正后的水下目标分布具有明显的收敛性，且优于等梯度声线跟踪算法和等效声速剖面法，显著提高了超短基线水声定位系统的定位精度。 相似文献
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水声定位系统中, 声线弯曲是造成定位误差大的主要原因, 本文针对该问题提出了一种迭代适应点分层(IAPL)的声线修正算法, 将声速剖面筛选分层修正声线。首先搭建水声定位模型, 通过拟合目标海域的监测数据, 得到声速高次函数; 其次探究声线弯曲时目标位置与掠射角的关联性, 由此构造出声线插值函数并求解路径参数; 最后提出划分原则, 精简声速剖面分层。仿真结果表明, 所提算法定位误差较低, 分层精简率均维持在48.04%的水平, 使计算量平均下降可达50.27%, 能够最大程度保留声速剖面的原始特征, 减少分层数量, 提高计算效率。 相似文献
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深海空间站在母船伴随保障时面对恶劣天气存在安全风险及水下多平台作业低效的问题,传统的单一的保障船模式仅依靠超短基线等水下定位方法,水下平台定位速度慢、误差大、相互感知协作困难, 已无法满足要求。提出了一种基于通信信标的深海水声定位方法,采用宽带扩频通信进行时延估计,然后利用已建立的等效声速表查找等效声速,完成声线修正,从而提高了深海水声定位精度。并在实验室进行了深海水文条件下估计目标运动轨迹仿真,仿真结果表明该方法能够有效的提高水声定位精度。 相似文献
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自主水下机器人(AUV)对接技术是目前水下机器人的研究热点,精确可靠的AUV的回坞导航是实现对接的关键技术。对于追求轻便的便携式AUV的对接系统,考虑到便携式AUV的搭载能力有限又需要足够的定位精度用于对接,提出了一种基于超短基线(USBL)定位的回坞导航方法,该方法让AUV只需装载电子罗盘和水声应答器就能完成精确的回坞定位。根据导航方法的特点,设计了一种改进的扩展卡尔曼滤波算法,其优点是能在处理滞后的USBL数据的同时动态估算海流、更新状态方程以消除海流造成的定位误差。通过湖试和大量仿真实验,验证了定位算法在海流影响下的定位性能。 相似文献
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The aim of this study is to solve the problem of poor tracking in autonomous underwater vehicle (AUVs) that are operating based on traditional line-of-sight (LOS) method when tracking different paths in a complex marine environment. An adaptive-LOS (ALOS) guidance law with drift angle compensation is proposed, and is employed to calculate the AUV’s desired course (direction of velocity) and heading. First, an appropriate look-ahead distance is derived by the ALOS guidance law in consideration of the predefined path curvature, real-time tracking error and speed of the AUV. Subsequently, proper compensation is provided with respect to the actual drift angle. Compared with traditional LOS operation, this method flexibly adjusts to a suitable look-ahead distance while considering many related factors, providing a better path following performance. Both simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of this method. 相似文献
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声速误差是多波束水深地形测量主要误差源之一,通常采用现场声速剖面测量的方式加以改正,但在深远海多波束水深地形测量时,现场获取全深度的声速剖面并非易事。针对这一问题,利用东南印度洋海洋调查工作中采集到的17个站位的CTD数据,将所有站位声速剖面拓展到全深度,采用经验正交函数分析法(Empirical Orthogonal Functions,EOF)构建调查区声速剖面场,可获得声速剖面场内任意一点的声速值。然后通过EOF重构声速剖面场获得的声速值对测区内多波束水深地形数据进行改正,并与实测声速剖面对多波束水深地形数据的改正结果进行对比,结果表明,5000 m水深范围内2种声速改正结果相差很小,EOF重构法对深水多波束的声速改正满足水深测量的要求。 相似文献
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水下声学定位观测数据中不可避免地存在粗差,随机模型解算广泛地采用等权模型,模型实现简单,但与实际不符,且不能抑制粗差影响。针对该问题,提出一种基于IGG3方案的抗差Helmert方差分量估计方法。该方法通过水深和观测距离将观测值分为两类,利用Helmert方差分量估计确定不同类观测值的权比,抗差解决了粗差导致Helmert方差分量估计模型失效的问题。实验结果表明,相比于传统解算方法,抗差Helmert方差分量估计方法可以合理确定各观测值权比,削弱粗差影响,提高水下定位精度和可靠性。 相似文献
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The maximum error in ocean depth measurement as specified by the International Hydrographic Organization is 1% for depth greater than 30m. Current acoustic multibeam bathymetric systems used for depth measurement are subject to errors from various sources which may significantly exceed this limit. The lack of sound speed profiles may be one significant source of error. Because of the limited ability of sound speed profile measurement, depth values are usually estimated using an assumed profile. If actual sound speed profiles are known, depth estimate errors can be corrected using ray-tracing methods. For depth measurements, the calculation of the location at which a sound pulse impinges on the sea bottom varies with the variation of the sound speed profile. We demonstrate that this location is almost unchanged for a family of sound speed profiles with the same surface value and the same area under them. Based on this observation, we can construct a simple constant-gradient equivalent sound speed profile to correct errors. Compared with ray-tracing methods, the equivalent sound speed profile method is more efficient. If a vertical depth is known (or independently measured), then depth correction for a multibeam system can be accomplished without knowledge of the actual sound speed profile. This leads to a new type of precise acoustic multibeam bathymetric system. 相似文献
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Precise Multibeam Acoustic Bathymetry 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The maximum error in ocean depth measurement as specified by the International Hydrographic Organization is 1% for depth greater than 30m. Current acoustic multibeam bathymetric systems used for depth measurement are subject to errors from various sources which may significantly exceed this limit. The lack of sound speed profiles may be one significant source of error. Because of the limited ability of sound speed profile measurement, depth values are usually estimated using an assumed profile. If actual sound speed profiles are known, depth estimate errors can be corrected using ray-tracing methods. For depth measurements, the calculation of the location at which a sound pulse impinges on the sea bottom varies with the variation of the sound speed profile. We demonstrate that this location is almost unchanged for a family of sound speed profiles with the same surface value and the same area under them. Based on this observation, we can construct a simple constant-gradient equivalent sound speed profile to correct errors. Compared with ray-tracing methods, the equivalent sound speed profile method is more efficient. If a vertical depth is known (or independently measured), then depth correction for a multibeam system can be accomplished without knowledge of the actual sound speed profile. This leads to a new type of precise acoustic multibeam bathymetric system. 相似文献