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国际海洋战略性新兴产业发展方兴未艾,国内产业培育也取得一定突破,但总体发展规模和质量还有待提升,存在着战略定位、政策扶持、区域竞争和科技创新等问题和要素制约。基于市场需求和问题导向,文章从国家战略顶层设计、产业培育示范、海洋科技创新、特色园区发展及专业服务体系建设等方面提出了政策框架设计构想,为我国海洋战略性新兴产业健康发展提供借鉴。 相似文献
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伴随世界海洋竞争的日益激烈,以及深海战略性资源争夺的不断加剧,深海资源开发已经引起我国政府的高度重视,积极部署,重点谋求在深海科技领域首先实现突破。山东省是海洋资源大省,深海战略性资源十分丰富,随着海洋科技的发展,面对海岸带地区和近海资源环境承载力的日益饱和,海洋资源开发必将呈现出由近海向远洋、由浅海向深海的发展趋势,开发深海大洋战略性资源是破解山东省社会经济发展资源瓶颈的重要途径,发展深海大洋经济是海洋经济的发展方向。 相似文献
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为加快我国深海事业的发展，促进全球海洋命运共同体的构建，文章基于海洋命运共同体理念，分析深海战略新疆域的内涵、地位及其与海洋命运共同体的关系，并提出发展建议。研究结果表明：深海是保障经济社会可持续发展的潜在战略基地和全人类共有的资源宝库，是开展科技创新和推动科技进步的新场所，是保障国家安全和维护国际海洋秩序的重要领域，是深度参与全球治理和构建海洋命运共同体的新领域；我国应充分履行勘探合同承包者的义务、持续开展深海科技创新、加强深海支撑保障能力建设和系统开展深海战略问题研究。 相似文献
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科技是文化的重要组成部分,建设海洋强国需要科技文化力,具体表现为：海洋经济发展需要科技文化力,建设生态海洋需要科技文化力。海权维护需要科技文化力。在新世纪发挥海洋科技文化力的作用,要发展深海技术、远洋技术、极地利用技术、海洋军事技术,发展战略性海洋新兴产业,搞好海洋基础科学研究。 相似文献
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科技兴海是我国推动海洋经济发展和产业结构调整的重大举措。文章概述东海区科技兴海产业示范基地的建设情况,明确其有力促进具有鲜明特色的海洋战略性新兴产业的集聚发展和海洋经济的转型升级,总结市场运营的"临港模式"、政府主导的"厦门模式"、特色产业的"大丰模式"和地方特色的"诏安模式"等发展经验,提出突出特色,形成独具一格的发展模式;定位清晰,政府服务和市场运营相辅相成;凝聚产业,以品牌提升产业链核心价值;形成示范,创新支持方式和管理模式的示范基地发展建议。 相似文献
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国家海洋局第三海洋研究所积极贯彻刘赐贵局长在全国海洋厅局长会议上的讲话精神,围绕全力推动海洋经济实现又好又快发展的重点任务,增强海洋基础性、前瞻性、战略性和关键性技术研发能力的要求,创新工作思路,努力开创产业技术研发新局面,为促进海洋战略性新兴产业发展,推动海洋经济成为沿海地区新的GDP增长点、新的财税增长点和新的就业增长点做好科技支撑。 相似文献
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余兴光 《海洋与海岸带开发》2011,(4):56-57
国家海洋局第三海洋研究所积极贯彻刘赐贵局长在全国海洋厅局长会议上的讲话精神,围绕全力推动海洋经济实现又好又快发展的重点任务,增强海洋基础性、前瞻性、战略性和关键性技术研发能力的要求,创新工作思路,努力开创产业技术研发新局面,为促进海洋战略性新兴产业发展,推动海洋经济成为沿海地区新的GDP增长点、新的财税增长点和新的就业增长点做好科技支撑。 相似文献
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近年来,海洋战略性新兴产业的集群式发展已经成为国家或地区提升产业竞争力、拉动海洋经济转型、实现跨越式发展的重要方式,逐渐引起学术界的高度重视。文章在对产业集群、海洋战略性新兴产业、海洋战略性新兴产业集群等概念进行界定的基础上,从影响因素、促进效应、空间组织模式等3个方面初步探索海洋战略性新兴产业集群的形成机理,并对海洋战略性新兴产业集群形成的促进效应进行重点分析,认为存在规模效应、辐射效应和协同效应等直接效应以及自我强化效应、累积效应和适应性预期效应等间接效应,对这些效应的原理进行深入探讨和案例分析。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
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Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
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The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献