共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
四溴双酚A(TBBPA)是一种持久性有机化合物,对环境具有危害性。为研究渤、黄海浮游动物对TBBPA的生物富集,于2016年6—7月在渤、黄海24个站位中采集海水和浮游动物,测定TBBPA浓度、生物量、种类组成和总脂类含量。结果显示,海水和浮游动物中的TBBPA浓度范围分别为0.057~0.607μg/L和0.930~10.165μg/g·d·w,生物富集因子(BAF)范围为1.82×103~63.298×103,表明浮游动物对TBBPA有生物富集能力。生物量、种类组成是影响生物浓度的重要因素,生物量范围为251.663~1 982.541mg/m3(湿重),与生物浓度呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。桡足类占浮游动物总量比例的降低和季节性浮游动物比例的增加均使BAF显著升高(P0.05)。小型桡足类(8.34%~22.31%)、季节性浮游动物(9.36%~21.54%)和毛颚动物(6.05%~9.17%)的总脂类含量与BAF呈正相关,表明TBBPA容易富集在脂肪组织中。 相似文献
2.
2012年冬季菲律宾海浮游动物丰度和生物量的水平分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了解西太平洋菲律宾海浮游动物丰度和生物量的水平分布特征,于2012年11月26日至2012年12月12日对菲律宾海上层海洋(0—200m)的浮游动物进行了调查。调查站位分别位于受赤道逆流(NECC)、棉兰老流(MC)、北赤道流(NEC)和黑潮(KC)影响的海域。通过比较浮游动物的丰度和生物量(分别用干重,灰分,无灰干重和含能量等指标表示),探讨不同海流中浮游动物的分布特征。结果表明:桡足类、毛颚类和水母类是菲律宾海浮游动物的三大主要类群。调查海域浮游动物丰度为11—116ind./m3,NECC区平均丰度最高((96±28)ind./m3),然后依次是MC区和KC区,NEC区最小((26±9)ind./m3)。在浮游动物生物量(干重)方面,同样NECC区最高((3.25±1.11)mg/m3),其次为MC区,但是平均丰度最小的NEC区生物量超过KC区。造成这一差异的主要原因,可能是由于KC区的浮游动物具有更高的含水量以及较小个体所占比例较高。不同水团之间浮游动物灰分、无灰干重和含能量的分布特征与干重相一致。结合环境因子分析显示,上升流、叶绿素a、初级生产力、海流和温度等因素对浮游动物的分布具有一定影响。 相似文献
3.
胶州湾沉积物中氮与磷的来源及其生物地球化学特征 总被引：34，自引：9，他引：25
通过对比分析和相关分析对沉积物中氮、磷含量、OC∶TN、TN∶TP进行了研究,探讨了胶州湾沉积物中氮、磷的来源及其生物地球化学特征.研究表明,胶州湾表层沉积物中总氮、总磷的变化趋势一致,即从湾内到湾外含量依次降低,其中总氮依次为0.41、0.25、0.20mg/g,总磷的含量依次为0.29、0.24、0.22mg/g.在整个柱状样中总氮、总磷平均含量的变化也和表层基本一致,有机氮在大部分层次占总氮的50%-70%,无机磷所占总磷的比例一般大于60%.根据沉积物OC∶TN比、氮、磷的垂直分布可以判断湾内和湾口沉积物中的氮主要是陆源的,海洋自生的氮分别占28.9%和13.1%,湾外的氮主要是自生的,海洋自生的氮占62.1%.与氮相比,磷主要是陆源的,但在湾外海洋自生磷的比例明显高于湾内.悬浮颗粒物的组成也证明了湾内沉积物中氮、磷主要是陆源的.沉积物中OC∶TN值的垂直变化也反映了近年来胶州湾物质来源的变化特征,即河流来沙急剧减少,沿岸倾倒垃圾不断增多,后者已经取代前者成为胶州湾主要的沉积物来源.另外,沉积物中TN和TN∶TP的垂直变化也和近年来胶州湾水体中营养盐含量的变化相一致.胶州湾不同地区氮、磷的沉积通量相差很大,湾口的沉积通量最大,而湾外的沉积通量最小;在表层沉积物中,氮的矿化速率高于磷,有机磷的矿化速率大于无机磷,但有机氮的矿化速率并不一定大于无机氮.OC、pH、Eh、Es等环境因素影响氮、磷的矿化,但在不同海区影响程度并不相同. 相似文献
4.
利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)对渤海湾天津海域人工鱼礁区多相介质(海水、沉积物和大型底栖生物体)中重金属Pb含量进行了测定,运用不同评价方法分析了其空间分布特征及其潜在生态风险。结果表明:礁区海水Pb含量的变化范围为0.003-0.024μg/L,平均值0.008±0.007μg/L,最高值出现在9号站位;最低值是5号站位。沉积物中Pb含量的变化范围为0.138-0.470 mg/kg,平均值0.273±0.106 mg/kg,各站位沉积物Pb垂直分布特征为下层中层上层。风险评价结果表明,礁区沉积物Pb潜在生态危害指数属于低生态风险;地累积指数属于偏中度污染程度;富集系数属于无～轻的污染程度。礁区内生物体Pb含量的变化范围为0.004～0.519 mg/kg,平均值0.185±0.170 mg/kg;礁区生物体Pb的BCF普遍高于BAF值;其健康风险系数远小于1,这表明Pb对暴露人群无明显健康风险。 相似文献
5.
胶州湾北部浮游动物的生物量和生产力 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Liu Guangxing 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):58-64
结合海洋生态系统动力学研究,以碳为基本 单位研究了胶州湾北部浮游动物的生物量和生产力的季节变化和平面分布及其周转率等。浮 游动物生物量的变化范围为8.73 ～ 24.05 mgC/m3;生产力的变化范围为0.26 ～ 1.09 mgC /m3.d。二者具有显著的季节变化。 其平面分布表现为不均匀性。海水中Chl a的含量、 初级生产力及盐度等是影响浮游动物生物量和生产力的主要因素。该水域浮游动物的周转率 平均为0.047(0.019 ～ 0.13),其变化与水温呈显著正相关,与浮游动物平均个体干重呈负 相关。 相似文献
6.
利用中国第18和21次南极考察获取的南极普里兹湾沉积物样品,分析了其中的有机碳和糖类物质的含量及组成,结果表明糖类和有机碳的分布受上层水体的初级生产、地形条件和水体垂直稳定度等多种因素的控制。表层沉积物中糖类物质的平均含量为3.03 mg/g,最高值为5.60mg/g,出现在湾内的毗邻陆架区。沉积物有机碳含量与表层海水叶绿素a具有良好的相关性,能够反映上层水体初级生产的变化。单糖组分的研究可以判定其生源母质,沉积物中有机质的来源主要是海洋上层生物。糖类是易被降解利用的有机质,通过糖类物质中六碳糖的比重及其垂直分布的变化可以判断出不同站位沉积速率的相对快慢。 相似文献
7.
海洋腐植质的研究——Ⅲ.长江口及东海海水和沉积物中腐植质的分布 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文介绍了测定海水和沉积物中腐植质(HS)含量的方法,并对长江口和东海海水、沉积物中的HS含量进行了调查研究。综合1981—1983年的调查资料,结果表明:124°E以西的长江口海区,表层海水中HS的浓度为150—435μg/L,与盐度S有负相关关系;124°E以东海域,其浓度为100—150μg/L,变化幅度较小。上述海区沉积物中的HS含量为0.416—3.371mg/g,其含量的变化与该海区沉积物颗粒的大小密切相关。 相似文献
8.
黄河三角洲滨海湿地演化及其对碳与营养成分的扣留 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2007年在黄河三角洲布设了一口24.6m的浅钻ZK1,对获取的岩芯样品进行了详细的沉积学观测及含水量、有机碳、总碳和营养成分的实验室分析测试。通过ZK1孔的地层分析,将其划分为7种沉积环境,揭示了滨海湿地地质演化过程。并利用AMS 14C测年方法,结合黄河改道的历史记录,运用历史地理学和沉积地质学综合分析的方法对黄河三角洲沉积环境进行了年代划分,并计算了黄河三角洲不同沉积环境沉积物的沉积速率和碳的加积速率。结果表明:总碳和有机碳与除硫和磷元素以外的各营养成分都呈良好的线性相关(R20.7,Ρ0.05);碳、氮、磷的加积速率与沉积物的沉积速率呈极显著正相关关系(R20.95,Ρ0.01),沉积物的沉积速率是碳、氮、磷的加积速率的主控因素;虽然现代黄河三角洲沉积物有机碳浓度较低(1%),但由于沉积物的高沉积速率,现代黄河三角洲沉积物有机碳的平均加积速率达到648.1g/(m2·a),远高于世界其它高有机碳浓度的湿地,因此是很好的碳汇地质体。 相似文献
9.
运用分相浸取法分析了浙江近岸海域60个站位的表层沉积物(0～2 cm)中各形态氮的含量和分布.研究结果表明,表层沉积物中总氮(TN)含量为214.66～861.44 mg/kg,均值为580.52mg/kg,位于浅水区的长江口、杭州湾和浙江沿岸的TN含量低于东部远岸海域;可转化态氮(TTN)含量只占总氮的3.06%～37.24%,有机态和硫化物结合态氮(OSF-N)是沉积物中可转化态氮的主要赋存形态,非转化态氮(NTN)是浙江近岸海域表层沉积物中的优势形态.各站位沉积物中氮在不同提取相中的含量差异较大,与沉积物的陆源输入、沉积物重金属含量、粒径分布及沉积海域的水动力条件等因素有关. 相似文献
10.
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
18.
19.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献