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海岛生态物联网是海岛生态环境监测与物联网相结合的新技术, 对生态环境监测信息的集成共享、灾害预警、资源合理开发利用具有积极推动作用。文章结合庙湾岛珊瑚生态修复应用需求, 基于海岛生态人文环境特点, 对海岛生态环境物联网技术展开研究, 重点研究了珊瑚修复区海底生境参数感知技术、岸基供电控制及信息中继技术、物联网数据传输技术及远程服务器终端遥控及信息接收和管理技术等生态物联网关键技术, 可望为海岛生态物联网建设提供参考, 为海岛生态修复及健康评估提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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Freitag L. Stojanovic M. Singh S. Johnson M. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2001,26(4):586-593
Multiuser underwater acoustic communication is one of the enabling technologies for the autonomous ocean-sampling network (AOSN). Multiuser communication allows vehicles, moorings, and bottom instruments to interact without human intervention to perform adaptive sampling tasks. In addition, multiuser communication may be used to send data from many autonomous users to one buoy with RF communications capability, which will then forward the information to shore. The two major signaling techniques for multiuser acoustic communication are phase-shift keying (PSK) direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DSSS) and frequency-shift keying (FSK) frequency-hopped spread-spectrum (FHSS). Selecting between these two techniques requires not only a study of their performance under multiuser conditions, but also an analysis of the impact of the underwater acoustic channel. In the case of DSSS, limitations in temporal coherence of the channel affect the maximum spreading factor, leading to situations that may be better suited to FHSS signals. Conversely, the multipath resolving properties of DSSS minimize the effects of frequency-selective fading that degrade the performance of FSK modulation. Two direct-sequence receivers potentially suitable for the underwater channel are presented. The first utilizes standard despreading followed by decision-directed gain and phase tracking. The second uses chip-rate adaptive filtering and phase tracking prior to despreading. Results from shallow water testing in two different scenarios are presented to illustrate the techniques and their performance 相似文献
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A neural network is presented for performing data association for multiple-target tracking on an optimal assignment basis, i.e., the sum of likelihood functions of measurement-to-track file associations is optimized. The likelihoods are shown to be derivable from a Kalman filter, which updates and maintains the track files from the measurements assigned by the neural network. Not only are measurements assigned to track files on an optimal basis, but undetected targets and unassigned measurements are identified also. A multiple-target tracking system utilizing the neural network, in conjunction with Kalman filtering, can also automatically delete and initiate track files. The solution to the data association problem, and therefore the design of the neural network, is based on the minimization of a properly defined energy function. Computer simulations indicate the ability of the neural network to converge quickly to the optimal hypothesis under various conditions, provided that the ambiguity in the scenario is not extreme. The computational complexity involved is moderate 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with the formation control problem of multiple underactuated surface vessels moving in a leader-follower formation.The formation is achieved by the follower to track a virtual target defined relative to the leader.A robust adaptive target tracking law is proposed by using neural network and backstepping techniques.The advantage of the proposed control scheme is that the uncertain nonlinear dynamics caused by Coriolis/centripetal forces,nonlinear damping,unmodeled hydrodynamics and disturbances from the environment can be compensated by on line learning.Based on Lyapunov analysis,the proposed controller guarantees the tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy. 相似文献
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Observability of target tracking with range-only measurements 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Taek Lyul Song 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1999,24(3):383-387
A necessary and sufficient condition for local system observability, a prerequisite to target motion analysis, is presented in this technical communication for two-dimensional manoeuvring target tracking with range-only measurements from a single observer. The approach taken in this paper utilizes the Fisher information matrix developed from the analytical treatment of system dynamics and noisy measurement equations established in a modified polar coordinate system. The analytical results of this paper are demonstrated by a series of simulation studies for applications on naval surface vehicle engagements 相似文献
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本文对现有的高频地波雷达目标跟踪方法进行了概述,提出了一种地波雷达目标长时连续跟踪的方法,基本思想是:充分挖掘航迹弧段特征,基于特征对船只运动建模,并结合杂波背景进行融合决策。进一步,为了达到长时间连续跟踪的需求,借鉴深度学习的思想,利用新获取的弧段数据对算法估计结果不断递归校正,使得随着获取数据的增加跟踪越准确。该方法适用于杂波环境且在航道附近存在众多干扰船只的情况下对机动目标航迹的实时稳定跟踪,为高频地波雷达在复杂干扰环境下特定目标持续跟踪提供理论基础和方法指导,为充分发挥地波雷达在海上监视监测中的作用提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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针对目前海洋观测网络通信距离、功耗、复杂度、抗干扰能力、成本之间的矛盾,提出了一种基于LoRa(long range)的海洋多功能信标组网观测系统。通过运用新型的LoRa调制技术,采用星型链路网络对多功能信标进行组网设计,并结合北斗通信,构建了一套覆盖范围广、功耗低,组网简单,抗干扰性强的海洋监测网络系统,能够有效实现近海和远海的全范围覆盖,同时降低了组网的成本。通过对多功能信标的低功耗设计,可有效降低信标功耗,延长了工作周期。通过室内和室外的模拟实验,验证了组网通信的有效性,以及远距离传输数据特性,为信标的升级设计和海洋组网观测打下了基础。 相似文献
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An adaptive output feedback controller based on neural network feedback-feedforward compensator (NNFFC) which drives a surface ship at high speed to track a desired trajectory is designed. The tracking problem of the surface ship at low speed has been widely investigated. However, the coupling interactions among the forces from each degree of freedom (DOF) have not been considered in general. Furthermore, the influence of the hydrodynamic damping is also simplified into a linear form or neglected. On the contrary, coupling interactions and the nonlinear characteristics of the hydrodynamic damping can never be neglected in high speed maneuvering situation. For these reasons, the influence of the nonlinear hydrodynamic damping on the tracking precision is considered in this paper. Since the hydrodynamic coefficients of the surface ship at high speed are very difficult to be accurately estimated as a prior, it will be compensated by NNFFC as an unknown part of the tracking dynamics system. The stability analysis will be given by the Lyapunov theory. It indicates that the proposed control scheme can guarantee that all the signals in the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB), and numerical simulations can illustrate the excellent tracking performance of the surface ship at high speed under the proposed control scheme. 相似文献
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基于双冗余以太网通信的气象实时观测数据采集网络传输系统的设计与实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着以太网技术应用的日趋成熟,在海洋和大气观测领域,人们希望对传统不具备网络通讯能力的观测仪器进行智能化和网络节点化改造。设计和实现了一套气象实时观测数据采集与网络传输系统。该系统采用基于ARM的嵌入式系统集成设计方案,实现了对外部传感器实时观测数据的采集和以太网通信。作为多级网络系统中的一个网络节点,该采集传输系统采用双冗余以太网通信接口设计,使系统中的双路以太网在一路局部故障或线路受损时可以自动冗余切换。这一设计特点大幅提高了作为网络节点的数据采集传输系统在与外部其他设备通信时数据传输的可靠性。通过在以太网条件下,网络闭环控制运行试验等测试,证明所开发的气象实时观测数据采集网络传输系统运行稳定可靠,双冗余以太网接口切换正常,数据采集传输及时准确,可完全满足实际应用的需要。 相似文献
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An application of neural networks for the identification and correction of transmission errors in binary messages is described. The network is used as a classifier of detected hydroacoustic signals. It converts the signals into one of a possible alphabet of symbols. The algorithm used is a Hamming-type neural network classifier associated with the transmission of a Hamming code. This system can detect and correct all transmission errors if the number of errors is less than or equal to half the Hamming distance between transmitted symbols minus one. Symbols to be transmitted are chosen and associated to messages, assuring that bit-to-bit nonsimilarities result on the prescribed Hamming distance. The auto-associative error correcting scheme can be used to generate a teaching signal to a supervised learning equalizer tracking the channel nonstationary characteristics. The proposed system is intended for use in hydroacoustic communication applications and is undergoing sea tests 相似文献
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This paper proposes a saturated tracking controller for underactuated autonomous marine surface vehicles with limited torque. First, a second-order open-loop error dynamic model is developed in the actuated degrees of freedom to simplify the design procedure. Then, a saturated tracking controller is designed by utilizing generalized saturation functions to reduce the risk of actuator saturation. This, in turn, improves the transient performance of the control system. A multi-layer neural network and adaptive robust control techniques are also employed to preserve the controller robustness against unmodeled dynamics and environmental disturbances induced by waves and ocean currents. A Lyapunov stability analysis shows that all signals of the closed-loop system are bounded and tracking errors are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, simulation results are provided for a hovercraft vehicle to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller as a qualified candidate for real implementations in offshore applications. 相似文献
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基于AIS信息校准的双频地波雷达的船只融合跟踪 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
高频地波雷达（HFSWR）和自动船只确认系统（AIS）是船只跟踪的重要传感器。高频地波雷达可以用来跟踪探测区域的所有船只，而AIS只能用来确认合作船只的信息。由于海杂波的干扰，使用单频率地波雷达的船只跟踪会淹没在布拉格峰值的盲区里，改变探测频率是克服这一缺点的有效手段。在这种背景下，我们提出一种基于AIS校准的双频雷达融合探测算法。因为不同频率的地波雷达测量与AIS的测量值存在系统误差，所以AIS信息可以用来估计和校准地波雷达的每个频率的系统误差。首先，将合作目标的点迹测量与地波雷达的点迹测量通过JVC分配算法进行点迹关联。从合作船只的点迹关联结果中，双频雷达的系统误差可以估计和校准。其次，基于校准的双频雷达数据，使用融合JPDA-UKF算法进行船只跟踪。通过真实探测的数据的实验结果显示所提算法可以实时跟踪船只，相比单频率跟踪可以进一步提高跟踪能力和跟踪精度。 相似文献
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V. V. Kalinnikov O. G. Khutorova G. M. Teptin 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2012,48(6):631-638
Based on two-frequency phase measurements of GNSS signals by ground-based receivers, zenith delays of radio signals in the troposphere are estimated. These estimates are compared with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data on weather fields. It is shown that the standard deviation in the values of zenith delays obtained in both ways is about 1 cm on average. According to our calculations, such a level of accuracy permits one to study the interday and intraday dynamics of the troposphere. The temporal resolution of estimates based on the GNSS data is 2 h, which makes it possible to organize atmosphere monitoring using a ground-based network of satellite tracking systems. 相似文献