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1.
长江口外近海表层沉积物粒度的级配特性及其意义 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
依据采自长江口外近海的22个表层沉积物样品的粒度分析资料,运用多元统计分析以及粒级对比等方法对沉积物的级配特性及意义进行了研究。结果表明研究区沉积物粒度数据中>6Φ,4~6Φ,<4Φ粒级分别具有不同的特征,因子得分区分别对应长江口泥质区、浙闽沿岸泥质区和粉砂-砂质区。从长江口向南至闽浙泥质带,表层沉积物中值粒径从6.9Ф变为7.2Ф,逐渐变细,符合沉积物“机械分异”规律,并呈连续分布,中间并无明显的间断。通过对粒度分布曲线的对比研究认为:>5Φ(<32μm)粒级沉积物主要是现代陆源沉积物,其中>6Φ(<16μm)粒级相对含量与离物源区距离有很好的相关关系,可能是示踪长江入海沉积物的良好粒级区间;<4Φ(>63μm)粒级沉积物在河口区以外的近海主要来源于陆架残留沉积的改造和再搬运。 相似文献
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对南黄海和东海北部462个表层沉积物样品进行了有机碳、总氮及粒度测试,以趋探讨表层沉积物有机质的分布规
律及来源。结果表明：南黄海及东海北部陆架区沉积有机碳质量分数分布范围为0.11 豫耀0.82 豫,均值为0.44 豫;总氮质量
分数分布范围为0.01 豫耀0.11 豫,均值为0.06 豫。有机碳及总氮质量分数平面分布特征相似,泥质沉积区质量分数较高,砂
质沉积区较低,最高值位于杭州湾外部。其分布特征明显遵从粒度效应,随着粒度变粗,有机碳、总氮质量分数减小,其中
在粒度>4准的细粒沉积物中,粒度处于6原11准的细粒沉积物更为富集有机碳。沉积物C/N比值显示,南黄海及东海北部大部
分区域沉积有机质为陆地和海洋混合来源,仅在123.5毅E以东、31毅N以南东海中陆架小部分区域为海洋自生来源。 相似文献
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东海陆架中北部沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对东海陆架表层沉积物粒级组成、粒度参数、14C年龄和微体古生物组合的综合分析,绘制了东海陆架的沉积物类型分布图;运用Folk等(1970)沉积物分类方法将东海表层沉积物分成砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、砂质泥5种类型,其中粉砂质砂分布最广,砂质泥分布最少;沉积物由陆向海粒度变粗,反映沉积过程中的物源和沉积动力控制作用。根据沉积环境及成因分析,可将东海陆架沉积分为3类:分别是长江口外席状砂沉积区、现代泥质沉积区和陆架中部砂质沉积区。长江口外砂质沉积是全新世冰消期晚期潮流作用及风暴潮流共同作用的产物,是高海平面以来太平洋潮波系统作用下的潮流沙沉积,沙波地貌仍在发生变化。现代泥质沉积区包括长江前三角洲沉积、浙闽沿岸流沉积和济州岛西南泥质沉积三个区域,不同沉积区的成因机制不同。陆架中部砂质沉积是末次冰盛期之后海侵作用下发育的砂质沉积物,在海侵的不同阶段中沉积物被冲刷改造,具有不等时性特征,沉积环境与现代陆架海洋环流的动力特征不一致,现代沉积作用较弱,仅接受悬浮体细粒沉积。 相似文献
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东海陆架泥质沉积作用 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
许东禹 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1985,(2)
东海陆架有两大现代泥质沉积区:一是沿着闽浙沿岸分布的沿岸泥质区(以下简称沿岸泥质区);二是东海陆架东北部的济州岛西南外陆架泥质区(以下简称外陆架泥质区).这两个泥质区的现代沉积物直接覆盖在沿岸砂质沉积和陆架残留沉积物之上.陆架其余地区大部分被所谓残留砂所覆盖.关于东海陆架泥质沉积,已有许多人进行过研究,但是多数只限于物质来源和分布特征,而很少探讨过物质沉积过程.然而,查明泥质沉积机制及其控制因素,对沉积学的研究有一定的理论意义,而且还可能有实用意义.因此,作者利用中美海洋沉积作用联合研究的海上调查资料,结合以往各家的研究成果,通过对比分析悬浮体、浮泥及表层沉积物三者的成分和分布特征同水文条件的关系,试图阐明东海陆架泥的沉积作用及其环境意义. 相似文献
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依照Stokes定律,由256个东海陆架表层沉积物样品中提取了2μm粒级组分、制成定向片,通过X-射线衍射(XRD)分析以及Biscaye(1965)方法计算了蒙皂石、伊利石、高岭石和绿泥石四种矿物的相对含量。结果显示,东海陆架区表层沉积物粘土矿物相对含量由高到低组成为伊利石(平均65.4%)、绿泥石(平均14.4%)、蒙皂石(平均13.3%)和高岭石(平均6.9%);东海陆架表层沉积物中高岭石含量有向海减小的趋势;陆架区东北部和中南部的伊利石含量较低、蒙皂石含量较高,东南部的伊利石和蒙皂石含量分布与其相反;绿泥石在研究区东部和东北部含量较低。聚类分析显示,东海陆架2μm粒级沉积物可分为"类长江"与"类黄河"两种类型。类长江细颗粒沉积物主要分布在东海陆架中西部地区;类黄河沉积物在研究区东北部、东部和南部的部分区域分布。东北部的类黄河沉积物可能来自黄河或废黄河口,而南部和东部的细颗粒沉积物可能是晚更新世冰期干冷气候下形成的产物与现代河流入海细颗粒的混合物。 相似文献
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东海内陆架泥质区百年来黏土矿物组成变化及其环境意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东海内陆架泥质区是东海现代沉积的"汇",其中黏土组分是泥质区沉积物的重要组成部分。沉积物中黏土矿物组合是反映沉积区物质来源和搬运动力状况的良好指标。本文利用XRD方法分析了东海内陆架泥质区两根沉积物岩心中黏土矿物组成和含量变化,结合放射性年代标定,揭示了近百年来黏土矿物组成的演变特征,探讨了黏土矿物的来源及其含量变化的制约因素。结果表明:东海内陆架泥质区沉积物以长江来源物质为主,受黄河及瓯江等河流物质的影响;近百年来内陆架泥质区黏土矿物组合发生显著阶段性变化,它们是东亚季风强弱波动和长江入海悬沙减少的共同作用的结果。 相似文献
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南海北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物分布特征及物源意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该文根据2007～2010年间对南海北部陆架采集的292个表层沉积物样品0．063～0．125mm粒级矿物的鉴定和分析结果,研究了该海域表层沉积物重矿物的分布特征和物质来源．结果表明：该海域矿物组成以轻组分矿物为主,平均质量百分数高达98．49％,重组分矿物的含量较低,平均值为1．51％,最高质量百分数仅为10．38％,共发现了60种重矿物．影响南海北部陆架表层沉积物重矿物的含量和分布的首要因素是水动力条件,其次是物质来源,其他因素如沉积环境、矿物自身的变质程度等也在一定程度上影响其分布特征．根据因子分析的因子荷载分布及南海北部陆架的地形地貌,研究区可划分为4个主要矿物组合区和2个亚区．分析结果表明,华南沿海的众多河流特别是珠江的入海泥沙是南海北部陆架表层沉积物的主要物质来源．海南岛东南部海底峡谷区处于相对稳定的沉积环境,胶结于有孔虫壳内的海洋自生黄铁矿含量丰富． 相似文献
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长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中重金属的空间分布及沉积通量 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
长江每年输送大量的泥沙进入东海,其中细颗粒沉积物具有搬运距离远、扩散范围大的特点,成为示踪河口及近海沉积物源汇过程的良好载体。本文基于采自长江口及邻近海域的44个表层沉积物样品,分析了细颗粒组分中重金属的空间分布和沉积通量,探讨了重金属来源和搬运沉积过程。研究表明:长江口及邻近海域细颗粒沉积物中Cu、Cr、Ni、V和Zn含量、沉积通量的空间分布具有高度的相似性,总体表现为长江口及浙闽沿岸高,向外急剧降低;该区细颗粒沉积物中的重金属主要来自长江,入海后向两个方向扩散,其一为向西南方向扩散,沉积于内陆架泥质区;其二是向东的跨陆架输送,沉积于长江冲淡水影响的海域。从长江口向西南方向的输送和沉积是长江入海重金属最重要的汇。 相似文献
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ZHANG Weiyan JIN Haiyan YAO Xuying JI Zhongqiang ZHANG Xiaoyu YU Xiaoguo ZHANG Fuyuan GAO Aigen 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):46-56
Surface sediments from the Changjiang River(Yangtze River) Estuary,Hangzhou Bay,and their adjacent waters were analyzed for their grain size distribution,organic carbon(OC) concentration,and stable carbon isotope composition(δ13C).Based on this analysis,about 36 surface sediment samples were selected from various environments and separated into sand(0.250 mm,0.125–0.250 mm,0.063–0.125 mm) and silt(0.025–0.063 mm)fractions by wet-sieving fractionation methods,and further into silt-(0.004–0.025 mm) and clay-sized(0.004mm) fractions by centrifugal fractionation.Sediments of six grain size categories were analyzed for their OC andδ13C contents to explore the grain size composition and transport paths of sedimentary OC in the study area.From fine to coarse fractions,the OC content was 1.18%,0.51%,0.46%,0.42%,0.99%,and 0.48%,respectively,while theδ13C was –21.64‰,–22.03‰,–22.52‰,–22.46‰,–22.36‰,and –22.28‰,respectively.In each size category,the OC contribution was 42.96%,26.06%,9.82%,5.75%,7.09%,and 8.33%,respectively.The OC content in clay and fine silt fractions(0.025 mm) was about 69.02%.High OC concentrations were mainly found in offshore modern sediments in the northeast of the Changjiang River Estuary,in modern sediments in the lower estuary of the Changjiang River and Hangzhou Bay,and in Cyclonic Eddy modern sediments to the southwest of the Cheju Island.Integrating the distribution of terrestrial OC content of each grain size category with the δ13C of the bulk sediment indicated that the terrestrial organic material in the Changjiang River Estuary was transported seaward and dispersed to the Cyclonic Eddy modern sediments to the southwest of the Cheju Island via two pathways:one was a result of the Changjiang River Diluted Water(CDW) northeastward extending branch driven by the North Jiangsu Coastal Current and the Yellow Sea Coastal Current,while the other one was the result of the CDW southward extending branch driven by the Taiwan Warm Current. 相似文献
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A fine resolution model has been applied to get more insight into the effects of a modified runoff due to the Three-Gorges-Dam (TGD) on the East China Sea (ECS). The region of interest was confined to the offshore area in the vicinity of the Changjiang River. To the east, it extended up to the area southwest of Cheju Island. The model was used to evaluate the effect of a modified runoff on the water properties of the adjacent regions like the Changjiang diluted water (CDW) and the Zhoushan Fishing Ground. The sensitivity of the ECS to a modified Changjiang runoff was explored firstly by sensitivity studies and secondly by experiments based on historical runoff records and water management plans of the TGD. These experiments led to the general conclusion that the most affected area by runoff is located close to the Changjiang River mouth. The area of influence has an extension of about 150 km￡150 km. In the realistic experiment, the related anomalies reached their maximum value in early summer (May). In normal years the related salinity anomalies can get to as large as 2. 相似文献
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Characterizing the depositional settings for sedimentary organic matter distributions in the Lower Yangtze River-East China Sea Shelf System 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Chun Zhu Zhang-Hua Wang Bin Xue Pei-Song Yu Jian-Ming Pan Thomas Wagner Richard D. Pancost 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011
Grain-size distributions, total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations, and TOC/TN ratios (C/N) were analysed for surface sediments from the Lower Yangtze River-East China Sea (ECS) shelf system. Hierarchical cluster analysis of grain-size parameters (mode, mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis) has been employed to characterize grain-size compositions. The results suggest there are five grain-size compositional types (type-I–V) that fingerprint distinct depositional conditions. In areas with high sedimentation rates, hydrological sorting preferentially enriches the fraction coarser than 6.4ø (12 μm) in shallow seafloor sediments (water depth<30 m) by transporting the finer fraction to the deeper seafloor (water depth>30 m), and thus forms grain-size compositional type-I (shallow) and type-II (deep). In the open shelf, where modern sediment supply is very limited, grain-size types-III–V are identified according to different winnowing intensity. Overall TOC contents significantly correlate with mud proportions, suggesting muddy sediments are the primary control on OM accumulation. However, de-association of terrestrial OM from fine sediments in the Estuary and the occurrence of presumably relict OM in the open shelf exert additional controls on OM dispersal and carbon cycling in the ECS. By considering geography, oceanography, sediment source, and the relation between sedimentation conditions and sedimentary OM distributions, we define six depositional settings: the lower river, the estuary, the coast, the offshore upwelling area, the erosional area, and the open shelf. These settings describe the sediment dispersal and associated organic matter cycling in the Lower Yangtze River-ECS shelf system. 相似文献
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综述东海和琉球群岛以东海域若干气旋型和反气旋型涡旋的研究.对东海陆架、200m以浅海域,主要讨论了东海西南部反气旋涡、济州岛西南气旋式涡和长江口东北气旋式冷涡.东海两侧和陆坡附近出现了各种不同尺度的涡旋,其动力原因之一是与东海黑潮弯曲现象有很大关系,其次也与地形、琉球群岛存在等有关.东海黑潮有两种类型弯曲:黑潮锋弯曲和黑潮路径弯曲.黑潮第一种弯曲出现了锋面涡旋,评述了锋面涡旋的存在时间尺度与空间尺度和结构等;也指出了黑潮第二种弯曲,即路径弯曲时在其两侧出现了中尺度气旋式和反气旋涡,讨论了它们的变化的特性.特别讨论了冲绳北段黑潮弯曲路径和中尺度涡的相互作用,着重指出,当气旋式涡在冲绳海槽北段成长,并充分地发展,其周期约在1~3个月时,它的空间尺度成长到约为200km(此尺度相当于冲绳海槽的纬向尺度)时,黑潮路径从北段转移到南段.也分析了东海黑潮流量和其附近中尺度涡的相互作用.最后指出在琉球群岛以东、以南海域,经常出现各种不同的中尺度反气旋式和气旋式涡,讨论了它们在时间与空间尺度上变化的特征. 相似文献
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东海不同底质类型海域春季悬浮体通量及影响因素 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
利用1994年4月在东海陆架不同底质类型海域即泥质和砂质区的水文和泥沙观测资料，分析和计算了两个站的悬浮体含量的分布、余流分布和悬浮体通量，以代表两个局部海域悬浮体含量分布和输送的特征。结果表明，在底质类型、生物活动、水动力环境和悬浮体物源各因素的影响下，两个海域的悬浮体通量和悬浮体含量垂直分布各有其特征，是东海悬浮体输送和垂直分布的两种典型类型。111站周围海域的悬浮体通量较大，上、中层水体（0－40m)中的悬浮体向东南方向输送，下层和底层的悬浮体向东北方向输送，且下层和底层的通量大于中上层；砂质区的悬浮体通量相对较小，且从表层到底层均向东北方向运移。 相似文献
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长江口北槽浮泥周期性变化初探 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
根据2000年长江口北槽浮泥的实测资料,分析浮泥厚度和体积等几何尺度随时间的变化,发现长江口北槽浮泥存在日、半月和年际三种周期变化;日周期的变化受潮流动力周期的控制,这是由潮流冲刷浮泥形成的悬沙并再絮凝沉积造成的;半月周期的变化受潮流半月周期变化引起的泥沙供给量的变化控制;年周期的变化主要是由影响细颗粒泥沙絮凝沉积的长江口水温的年度变化所控制,泥沙供给和动力的年周期变化也有一定的影响. 相似文献
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To examine the source and preservation of organic matter in the shelf sediments of the East China Sea (ECS), we measured bulk
C/N and isotopes, organic biomarkers (n-alkanes and fatty acids) and compound-specific (fatty acids) stable carbon isotope ratios in three sediment cores collected
from two sites near the Changjiang Estuary and one in the ECS shelf. Contrasting chemical and isotopic compositions of organic
matter were observed between the estuarine and shelf sediments. The concentrations of total n-alkanes and fatty acids in the shelf surface sediments (0–2 cm) were 5–10 times higher than those in estuarine surface sediments
but they all decreased rapidly to comparable levels below the surface layer. The compositions of n-alkanes in the estuarine sediments were dominated by C26-C33 long-chain n-alkanes with a strong odd-to-even carbon number predominance. In contrast, the composition of n-alkanes in the shelf sediment was dominated by nC15 to nC22 compounds. Long-chain (>C20) fatty acids (terrestrial biomarkers) accounted for a significantly higher fraction in the estuarine sediments compared to
that in the shelf sediment, while short-chain (<C20) saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant in the shelf surface sediments than in the estuarine sediments.
Stable carbon isotopic ratios of individual fatty acids showed a general positive shift from estuarine to shelf sediments,
consistent with the variations in bulk δ
13CTOCTOC. These contrasts between the estuarine and shelf sediments indicate that terrestrial organic matter was mainly deposited
within the Changjiang Estuary and inner shelf of ECS. Post-depositional diagenetic processes in the surface sediments rapidly
altered the chemical compositions and control the preservation of organic matter in the region. 相似文献