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1.
三种蛏不同组织同工酶的比较分析 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
通过对竹蛏科的缢蛏、细长竹蛏、长竹蛏5种组织(鳃、消化腺、外套膜、足、水管)聚丙烯酰氨垂直板状不连续电泳，研究了醇脱氢酶、苹果酸同工酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶等5种同工酶酶谱。结果表明，三种蛏相应的酶带迁移率组成分布有明显种属差异，三种蛏的种属差异明显大于组织间差异。不同种间的个体其酶谱表型有稳定的差异，这些差异是有关基因表达和调控的差异所造成的。可利用其酶谱表型具有种特异性作为一种蛋白分子标记，应用于竹蛏科物种的鉴定上。 相似文献
2.
凡纳对虾个体发育早期的同工酶研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳技术，对凡纳对虾(Penaeus vannamei)个体发育早期6个时期的11种同工酶系统(EST、ALP、ACP、GDH、MDH、LDH、AAT、ME、LAP、ADH、AMY)进行研究。结果表明，凡纳对虾在幼体发育阶段已基本具备分解代谢蛋白质、脂类、碳水化合物的酶系。在早期发育过程中，EST同工酶系最为复杂，显示5-15条谱带，至少由6个位点编码；整个发育早期阶段GDH表达很弱，未见R-AMY及Q_AMY的表达；ALP、GDH、AMY及EST在无节幼体期表达很弱或未见表达；ACP、MDH、ME、ADH及AMY酶谱从糠虾幼体第Ⅲ期开始谱带数明显增加；除LAP、AAT酶谱简单且各期变化差异不大外，其它9种同工酶均随发育进程表现出明显差异。 相似文献
3.
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳法 ,对中国两性生殖卤虫 Artemia sinica的 1 4个品系的碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶同工酶基因的表达特征进行了分析 ,并与 Artemia urmiana的碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶同工酶基因的表达特征进行了比较研究。结果表明 :中国两性生殖卤虫各品系的 ALP、 ACP同工酶的酶谱相同 ,均为单体酶。 ALP、 ACP同工酶分别由 ALP - 1、 ACP- 1 ,ALP- 2、ACP- 2 ,ALP- 3、ACP- 3三个基因座位编码 ,ALP- 1、ACP- 1座位存在a、 b两个共显性等位基因 ,ALP- 2、ACP- 2存在 a、b、c三个等位基因 ,ALP- 3、ACP- 3座位存在 a、b两个等位基因。共发现 7种基因型 :1 .0 / cc/ bb,2 .0 / bb/ bb,3.0 / aa/ aa,4.0 /ab/ aa,5.0 / ac/ ab,6.0 / ac/ aa,7.ab/ ab/ aa。仅在 A.urmiana中发现 0 / cc/ bb、 0 / bb/ bb基因型 ,而 A.sinica的主要基因型为 :0 / ac/ aa、 0 / ab/ aa、 0 / aa/ aa。仅 GN品系的 ALP - 1、 ACP- 1有基因座位表达。 相似文献
4.
三疣梭子蟹养殖群体同工酶的组织特异性及生化遗传分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
应用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术(PAGE),研究分析了取自浙江舟山朱 家尖养殖区的三疣梭子蟹5种组织中10种同工酶以及肌浆蛋白的表达情况,并进行 生化遗传分析．结果显示,在对40只梭子蟹所检测出的10种同工酶的25个基因座 位中,ADH、ACP-1、CAT-2、EST-2、FDH-2和SOD共6个基因座位为多态,其多态座 位比例(P)为24％,平均杂合度期望值(H)为0．106 6．同时在CAT、LDH、ACP、FDH 4种酶及肌浆蛋白(Pm)中表现出显著的组织特异性． 相似文献
5.
口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)同工酶的组织特异性及生化遗传分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法，研究分析了口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)肌肉、眼球、腹鳃、心脏和肝胰腺5种器官或组织中LDH、ADH、MDH、SDH、MEP、POD、AMY、GDH、SCD、EST、GLDH和SOD共12种同工酶的表达情况。结果表明，口虾蛄同工酶的表达具有明显的组织特异性。对12种同工酶进行生化遗传分析，获得了基本酶谱。12种同工酶共记录出35个基因座位，其中11个基因座位Ldh-3、Adh-1、Sdh-2、Est-1、Est-2、Est-3、Mdh、Mep-7、Gldh-1、Gldh-2和Scd-1为多态，其多态座位比例为31.43％。 相似文献
6.
用不连续垂直聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对大竹蛏(Solen grandis Dunker)外套膜、鳃、性腺、消化腺、斧足5种组织6种同工酶(LDH、ADH、EST、MDH、ACP、SOD)进行组织特异性分析,并对吕四渔场海域大竹蛏自然种群生化遗传多样性进行了初步研究.结果表明:大竹蛏同工酶的活性及酶谱特征具有明显的组织特异性,6种酶在消化腺中的活性最强,LDH、EST、MDH和SOD酶谱具有明显的组织特异性;6种酶在消化腺和斧足中共检测到12个基因位点,其中Ldh-1、Ldh-2、Adh-1、Est-1、Mdh-1、Mdh-2、Mdh-3、Sod-2等8个基因位点为多态,多态位点比例为66.67%,平均每个位点的等位基因数N<,a>为2.5,有效等位基因数(N<,e>)为1.9,预期杂合度(H<,c>)为O.373 7,实际杂合度(H<,o>)为0.333 3,香农信息指数(I)为0.624 2. 相似文献
7.
凡纳滨对虾碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶基因的克隆、表达及盐度应答效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究通过c DNA末端快速扩增法(RACE)首次克隆得到凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)和酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphatase,ACP)基因的c DNA全长序列,其中ALP基因全长序列1 910 bp,编码536个氨基酸;ACP基因全长序列1 544 bp,编码439个氨基酸。盐度调控设3个盐度组:31(对照)、16和3。养殖45 d后,荧光定量PCR测定对虾肝胰腺、肌肉、胃、肠和鳃5个组织中的ALP和ACP基因m RNA的表达情况。RT-PCR显示,ALP基因在5个组织中普遍表达,在肝胰腺中表达量最高(P0.05),肠道中的表达量最低(P0.05);ACP基因在5个组织中也均表达,在肝胰腺和鳃中表达量明显高于其他3个组织(P0.05)。盐度应答实验表明,不同盐度条件下,不同组织中,ALP和ACP基因存在不同的表达模式。在胃和鳃组织中,ALP基因在31盐度组的表达量显著高于其他两组(P0.05);在肝胰腺和肠道中,ALP基因在16盐度下的表达量明显低于其他两组(P0.05);在肌肉中,ALP基因的表达与其他组织均不同,31盐度组表达量最高,而16盐度组最低(P0.05);在肝胰腺中,ACP基因在31盐度组的表达量明显低于其他盐度组(P0.05);在肌肉和鳃两个组织中,ACP基因在31盐度下的表达量明显高于其余两个盐度组(P0.05);在肠道中,ACP基因的表达量在3盐度组明显高于其他两组(P0.05);而在胃中,ACP基因在3个盐度下的表达量没有显著性差异。上述结果为研究低盐条件下凡纳滨对虾的磷酸酶基因的变化机制提供了参考。 相似文献
8.
中国对虾幼体发育阶段的同工酶研究 总被引：22，自引：1，他引：22
利用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳分析了中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)幼体发育阶段8种同工酶的变化。结果表明;EST、AMY、MDH、GDH、Gd、LDH均随发育其同工酶谱表现出明显的差异。EST在无节幼虫期只有1条酶带至仔虾期增至6条,且酶活性亦随发育而渐增;AMY共检测出3种,即α-AMY、R-AMY和Q-AMY,酶带数由无节幼虫早期的3条增至仔虾期的8条,且随发育酶带的表型及活性均有明显的变化;MDH显示的酶带数量较多共15条,此酶谱在无节幼虫早期为3泉至仔虾期则增至15条;GDH共有8条酶带,在无节幼虫早期为5条至仔虾期为7条;Gd有8条酶带,在无节幼虫期为5条,以后渐增至8条,此外,LDH的酶谱变化差异不大,即除无节幼虫期外,其他各期均为3条酶带,且表型基本相似;而ALP和ACP则表现。相对稳定,其酶带数在ALP为2条,ACP为1条。 相似文献
9.
于2004年4月,在浙江省宁波市镇海区澥浦滩涂采集野生大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris)30尾,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(PAGE)电泳方法,分析了乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、甲酸脱氢酶(FDH)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、D-葡糖脱氢酶(GCDH)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、苹果酸酶(ME)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和酯酶(EST)等10种酶在大弹涂鱼肝脏组织中的表达,并对同工酶表型进行了生化遗传分析。实验结果表明,大弹涂鱼10种同工酶中除CAT外的另9种酶都得到了清晰的酶谱。该9种酶共记录了23个基因座位,筛选出LDH-1,FDH-1,G6PDH-1,ME-1,SOD-1,EST-1,EST-2,EST-3等8个多态基因座位。澥浦大弹涂鱼多态座位比例(P)为34.78%,平均杂合度(H)为0.0594,与其他海水鱼类相比,遗传多样性水平相对较低。 相似文献
10.
原油污染对栉孔扇贝抗氧化酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以原油水溶性成分(water soluble fraction of crude oil,WSF)为污染物,采用暴露实验法,研究了栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)鳃和消化腺组织中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)和过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)活性的变化.结果表明,WSF污染下,鳃和消化腺组织SOD和CAT酶活性随暴露时间增加一般表现为降低-升高-降低的趋势,酶活性达到最高的时间随浓度不同而变化.第1天时消化腺SOD在0.08 mg/L浓度下被诱导,而后随时间增加表现为抑制效应;浓度为0.21和0.88 mg/L时消化腺SOD酶活性被抑制,随暴露时间延长而活性增加.暴露时间为4d时,石油烃浓度在0.08和0.88 mg/L时鳃组织SOD酶活性均被抑制,而浓度为0.21 mg/L时被诱导.消化腺和鳃组织SOD可以作为扇贝被污染胁迫的指标. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
15.
16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献