共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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本文以壳聚糖为原料,采用苯甲醛选择性的保护壳聚糖C2位氨基的方法,制备了O-羧甲基壳聚糖(O-CMC)。采用红外光谱及核磁共振波谱法对产物结构进行了表征,确定了羧甲基化反应只发生在壳聚糖的O位。该方法制备得到的O-CMC的羧甲基度为42.2%,反应选择性好,步骤简单,产率高达85%。 相似文献
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低聚羧甲基壳聚糖的抗氧化性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将低聚壳聚糖(chitosan oligosaccharide,COS)醚化得到O-羧甲基壳聚糖(O-carboxymethyl chito-sanolig osaccharide,O-CMCOS)和N-羧甲基壳聚糖(N-carboxymethyl chitosanolig osaccharide,N-CMCOS),其取代度(substituting degree,DS)均为0.54,用红外光谱对其结构进行表征。同时,考察了其结构对超氧阴离子的清除活性以及还原能力。结果表明,COS及其衍生物清除超氧阴离子的活性及还原能力的强弱顺序均为:O-CMCOSCOSN-CMCOS。 相似文献
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N-羧甲基壳聚糖的制备及结构表征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以壳聚糖为原料,与乙醛酸作用形成希夫碱,在强碱性条件下经NaBH4还原制得N-羧甲基壳聚糖。此制备方法产率可达90%,羧甲基度达65%;反应时间短,步骤简单,降低了制备成本。采用红外光谱及核磁共振波谱法对产物结构进行了表征。 相似文献
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采用氯乙酸为羧甲基化试剂、3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为季铵阳离子化试剂,制备了羧甲基取代度为64.4%,季铵化取代度为98.4%的羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐。采用zeta电位和烧杯混凝实验研究了羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐对高岭土模拟水样的混凝特性,考察了pH值、混凝剂投加量和原水浊度对混凝效果的影响。结果表明,羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐可以明显改善高岭土悬浊液的混凝效果;达到最佳混凝效果时所需羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐的投加量随高岭土悬浊液pH值和原水浊度的增加而增加。浊度去除率随pH值的增加而减小,随原水浊度的增加而增加;原水浊度为50NTU时,浊度去除率均小于80%;羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐具有两性混凝剂的典型特性,吸附架桥和电性中和是羧甲基壳聚糖季铵盐的主要混凝作用机理,混凝过程是多种机制共同作用的过程。 相似文献
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N.O-羧甲基甲壳胺中羧甲基含量及不同取代位置比例的确定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对甲壳胺6位羟基和2位氨基上同时进行羧甲基化(即N.O-羧甲基甲壳胺)进行了探讨,采用电导滴定法测定了N.O—羟甲基甲壳肢的总羟甲基度,并找到一种较为简便的方法来估算N—、O—羧甲基化的比例。而文献中所报道的N.O—羧甲基甲壳胺的羧甲基度均为总羧甲基含量,对于N—或O—不同位置上羧甲基化比例的确定未见报道。 相似文献
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研究不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的调节作用,以探讨其结构与功能的关系。本研究对低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖和低分子量羧甲基甲壳素进行化学表征和分子量测定。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立大鼠糖尿病模型,并随机分为糖尿病治疗组和模型组。治疗组大鼠每日按180 mg/kg体质量分别灌胃低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基甲壳素,模型组按体质量灌胃相同体积的蒸馏水,连续灌胃45 d,于末次灌胃后测定大鼠空腹血糖、糖耐量、肝肌糖原含量,大鼠胰腺做病理组织切片观察。结果表明,不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的分子量在10 000~25 000 Da间,低分子量壳聚糖乙酰基取代度为52.71%,低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖的乙酰基取代度为7.50%、羧基取代度为98.16%,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素的乙酰基取代度为89.96%、羧基取代度为98.65%;三者均可显著降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖水平,改善糖耐量,提高肝肌糖原含量。其中,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素组效果最好,低分子量壳聚糖效果次之,推测水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的乙酰基可能在糖尿病大鼠血糖调节中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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水溶性低分子量壳聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的调节作用,以探讨其结构与功能的关系.本研究对低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖和低分子茸羧甲基甲壳素进行化学表征和分子量测定.通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立大鼠糖尿病模型,并随机分为糖尿病治疗组和模型组.治疗组大鼠每日按180 mg/kg体质量分别灌胃低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基甲壳素,模型组按体质量灌胃相同体积的蒸馏水,连续灌胃45 d,于末次灌胃后测定大鼠空腹血糖、糖耐量、肝肌糖原含量,大鼠胰腺做病理组织切片观察.结果表明,不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的分子量在10 000~25 000 Da间,低分子量壳聚精乙酰基取代度为52.71%,低分子最羧甲基壳聚糖的乙酰基取代度为7.50%、羧基取代度为98.16%,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素的乙酰基取代度为89.96%、羧基取代度为98.65%;三者均可显著降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖水平,改善糖耐量,提高肝肌糖原含量.其中,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素组效果最好,低分子量壳聚糖效果次之,推测水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的乙酰基可能在糖尿病大鼠血糖调节中发挥重要作用. 相似文献
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羧甲基壳聚糖中氨基葡萄糖含量测定方法的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
以乙酰丙酮试剂结合分光光度法和以盐酸氨基葡萄糖为对照品,确定羧甲基壳聚糖的氨基葡萄糖含量测定方法。羧甲基壳聚糖在6mol/L HCl、120℃条件下水解2.5h,羧甲基壳聚糖水解样品溶液,效果较好;盐酸氨基葡萄糖对照品溶液和羧甲基壳聚糖水解样品溶液中的氨基葡萄糖与乙酰丙酮试剂进行定量反应,使溶液呈色,采用分光光度法进行定量分析,两者最大光吸收波长均为525nm,线性关系良好;该方法对氨基葡萄糖有较好的专属性、精密度和稳定性。可用于羧甲基壳聚糖的氨基葡萄糖定量分析。 相似文献
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研究评价了不同分子量及不同取代度的3种羧甲基壳聚糖(CM-CTS)对肿瘤生长的影响。用MTT比色法测定3种CM-CTS对人正常肝细胞L02及3株肿瘤细胞:Bel-7402、SGC-7901及Hela生长的影响;ELISA方法检测3种CM-CTS对2种肝细胞L02及Bel-7402分泌TGF-α及VEGF水平的影响;建立小鼠移植性肿瘤Heps模型,腹腔注射分子量最大的CM-Ⅰ,研究CM-CTS的抑瘤作用。研究结果表明,分子量及取代度不同的3种CM-CTS在0.05~0.8 mg/mL浓度范围内,对L02细胞增殖具有显著促进作用,对Bel-7402、SGC-7901及Hela细胞的增殖则具有一定的抑制作用;3种CM-CTS能提高L02细胞TGF-α分泌水平,抑制Bel-7402细胞分泌TGF-α及VEGF水平;在动物水平上,CM-CTS能抑制小鼠Heps肿瘤生长,且量效关系显著。说明不同分子量及取代度的3种羧甲基壳聚糖对肿瘤生长具一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
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本文以Ag_2S银离子电极为指示电极,第二种离子选择电极为参比电极组成无液接测量系统,对海水中高含量氯的测定进行了研究。试验表朋,以氟电极或玻璃电极作参比电极,在酸性溶液中,电位突跃约为140mV,终点明显,尤其是氟电极作参比电极,电位较稳定。证明了在酸性溶液中,可以不加有机试剂直接测定海水中高含量氯。 相似文献
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Computer-processed potentiometric titration for the determination of calcium and magnesium in sea water 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An improved potentiometric titration method for the determination of calcium and magnesium in sea water has been newly devised. In this method, a mini-computer is used for the automation of titrations, and ion-selective electrodes are used as an end-point detector. Calcium is determined by titration with EGTA, and total alkaline earth metals (magnesium + calcium + strontium) by titration with EDTA. Magnesium can be determined by the difference, strontium having been determined by a suitable method. In the present method, calcium and magnesium in sea water can be determined with a precision of 0.1 %. 相似文献
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More attention has been paid to the research on decolorization of dyeing wastewater nowadays. In this study, an investigation
into the decolorization of dyeing wastewater was conducted using a combination of coagulant, carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCC)
and coagulant aid, polyscrylamide (PAM). The factors influencing the decolorization efficiency, such as pH value, coagulant
and the dosages of coagulant, were discussed. The results showed that using PAM as coagulant aid could reach a high decolorization
efficiency compared with using NOCC alone. The optimal conditions were pH 2.3, 480 mg/L for NOCC, and 4–8 mg/L for PAM. Under
the optimum conditions, the rate of decolorization could achieve 99%, and the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) could
achieve 90%. In addition, the membrane processes with chitosan/rare-earth-metals could enhance the decolorization rate of
Direct Black FF to 94.7%, and Indanthren Red F3B to 98.2%, respectively. Key words - Carboxymethyl chitosan, PAM, Dyeing wastewater,
Decolorization, Chitosan/rare-earth membrane 相似文献
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Conny Haraldsson Leif G. Anderson Martin Hassellöv Stefan Hulth Kristina Olsson 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》1997,44(12):2031-2044
A system for rapid, high precision potentiometric determination of alkalinity in sea water and sediment pore water is presented. Two titration units were used: a 40 ml unit for seawater and a small volume unit for sediment pore water. Titration time was normally less than 10 minutes per sample, including sample exchange. With a 40 ml sample volume, the relative standard deviation of the alkalinity obtained in the laboratory was 0.05% and at sea 0.1 %. The small-volume system (0.5–1.5 ml) gave a precision of 0.07%. Five titration points, in two groups after the second equivalence point, were used to evaluate the equivalence volume. Results from equilibrium calculations and computer simulated alkalinity titrations show that it was possible to use a non-modified Gran function [(V0 +v)*10(E/Z)] and still achieve good accuracy and precision. 相似文献
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An automated precise Winkler titration for determining dissolved oxygen on board ship 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An automated titration for the Winkler method is presented for measuring primary productivity in the ocean. The system is based on a microcomputer-controlled titration with potentiometric endpoint detection. By the use of 0.005-N sodium thiosulfate as a titrant and a program designed to shorten the time for measuring, the method achieves a precision of 0.04% coefficient of variation with a range of 0.01 to 0.10% for six replicates of samples at oxygen concentration of 70 to 250 M. It takes about four to five minutes to measure one sample. 相似文献