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厦门西港甲藻孢囊种类和数量分布特征 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
采用超声波分离、网筛（28μm和95μm）过滤、重液（CdI-KI)浮选等方法，对采自厦门西港的7份沉积物样品进行了分析鉴定。结果表明，厦门西港有甲藻孢囊5属10种，其中小型亚历山大藻（Alexandrium minutum)为中国沿海首次记录。沉积物中甲藻孢囊数量范围为18.2-138ind/g沉积物（湿重），高数量密集区主要分布在内湾水域；表层至表层以下2cm沉积物中的孢囊数量明显多于3-5cm底层的。孢囊数量的分布格局与本港的地形、水交换条件密切相关，不同的养殖类型对孢囊的沉降和积累也有重要影响。 相似文献
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厦门西港表层沉积物中DDTs,HCHs和PCBs的含量与分布 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对厦门西港表层沉积物中有机氯农药和多氯联苯的含量与分布进行调查研究。含量范围：ＨＣＨｓ为０．１４－１．１２ｎｇ．ｇ＾－１，ＤＤＴｓ４．４５－３１１ｎｇ．ｇ＾－１，ＰＣＢｓ０．０５－７．２４ｎｇ．ｇ＾－１。与香港维多利亚港表层沉积物含量进行比较，厦门西港表层沉积物的ＰＣＢｓ含量低于维多利亚港，ＤＤＴｓ含量则高于维多利亚港。 相似文献
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厦门西港表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs) 的含量、分布及来源 总被引：29，自引：2，他引：29
采用气相色谱与质谱联用(GC／MS)技术，通过3个航次对厦门西港沉积物中16种优先监控的PAHs的污染状况进行不同季节的连续调查。结果表明，厦门西港沉积物中检出的PAHs均以4—6环的为主，其中荧葸和芘在不同航次及不同站位均为优势组分。PAHs的总含量变化不明显，但高分子量的PAHs(5—6环)的含量却有升高的趋势。厦门西港沉积物中的PAHs主要来源于矿物的不完全燃烧，与1993年的调查结果相比，厦门西港沉积物中PAHs的含量有所减少，与国内外其他相似地区比较属中等水平。 相似文献
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厦门西海域表层沉积物中多环芳烃含量分布及生态风险评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2004年11月30日至12月1日连续两天采集厦门西海域10个站位表层沉积物样品,参照美国EPA标准方法及采用气相色谱与质谱联用(GC/MS)技术,对表层沉积物样品中的多环芳烃(PAHs)进行测定分析.结果表明,厦门西海域表层沉积物样品中16种PAHs的总含量为198.2-1061.6 ng·g-1,平均值为723.51 ng·g-1,能检出的PAHs均以2-4环的芳香物为主;10个站位中X1、X2、X3、X6及M2站位的PAHs主要来源于化石燃料的不完全燃烧,其他站位以石油泄漏为主要来源.对PAHs的生态风险评价结果表明,厦门西海域表层沉积物中PAHs的环境毒性相对较低,说明该海域表层沉积物中PAHs对生物的危害程度较轻. 相似文献
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九龙江入海口重矿物的迁移及其对厦门西港南部淤积的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对九龙江入海水道，厦门西港南部重矿物组合规律，物质来源的研究，结果表明，九龙江细砂级以上颗粒朝外海方向迁移，没有进入厦门西港，厦门西港鳗尾沙淤积区的沉积物为孤丘海蚀残积物及粉砂质泥。内土尾淤积区沉积为凝聚成不球的粘土及黑云母，它来自九龙江悬沙与海岸工程抛入的泥沙。 相似文献
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厦门西港表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量分布特征及其污染来源 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
利用GC－FID对厦门西港1998年7月采得8个站位表层沉积物中的16种多环芳烃（PAHs)进行了分析。结果显示，16种多环芳烃总量分布范围为247－480ng/g，平均为367ng/g。与1993年的厦门港的分析结果相比较，多环芳烃的污染程度降低；同世界其他港口相比较，其污染程度相对较低。同时，分析了厦门港PAHs污染的分布特征及其可能的污染来源，表明其主要是由于人类的油污染及燃料燃烧引起的。 相似文献
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The concentrations of butyltins along the Japanese coastline were investigated from 1997 to 1999, 7 to 9 years after implementation of legislation limiting the use of tributyltin (TBT) in Japan. Seawater was sampled at 0.5 m depth, and Caprella spp. were collected from Sargassum spp. and aquaculture facilities from 18 areas within four broad areas along the coastline of Japan, i.e., the Pacific coast of northern Japan, the coast along the Sea of Japan, Tokyo Bay and adjacent areas, and western Japan. Butyltins (MBT, DBT and TBT) were detected in 32 of the 63 seawater samples with average concentrations of 4.6 ng MBT/l, 4.5 ng DBT/l and 6.8 ng TBT/l, respectively. Butyltin concentrations in seawater from western Japan indicate "hot spots" even in unpopulated areas. Butyltins (MBT, DBT and TBT) were detected in all samples of Caprella spp., varying from 2.3 ng BTs /g wet wt in C. penantis R-type from Tobishima Island in the Sea of Japan to 464 ng BTs /g wet wt in C. decipiens Mayer from Amakusa, western Kyushu. The BT concentrations in Caprella spp. form western Japan were significantly higher than those from other areas, including Tokyo Bay and adjacent areas, where large scale industry and international ports are located. These results indicate that butyltin contamination still remains even in unpopulated areas after the regulation on TBT usage, and that the regulation governing TBT usage since 1990 has not been effective enough to concede recovery of shallow water ecosystems around Japan. 相似文献
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Tributyltin (TBT) has been widely employed in marine anti-fouling paints as a biocide, although it represents a serious risk, particularly in estuarine and coastal water/sediment ecosystems. In this study, the embryotoxic effects of TBT and its degradation products, dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT), were analyzed during the development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus from post-fertilization to the pluteus stage, to better clarify ecotoxicological impact. The embryotoxicity of butyltins is concentration-dependent and increases proportionally with number of butyl groups. Significant growth reduction was observed at TBT concentrations as low as 0.01 microgram l-1; 1 microgram l-1 was the maximum concentration allowing embryos to reach the pluteus stage at 48 h post-fertilization. Development was blocked at the morula or blastula stage with higher TBT concentrations. DBT and MBT are less toxic: slowed development and a decrease in pluteus size occurred at 10 micrograms l-1 DBT and 0.5 mg l-1 MBT. Effects on both skeletal deposition and blocked embryonic development are suggested to be due to the interference of organotin compounds with intracellular calcium homeostasis. 相似文献
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9810号台风过程厦门近岸海域POC的变化特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文研究了９８１０号台风影响下九龙江口及厦门西港表层海水颗粒有机碳（ＰＯＣ）的变化特征及其与某些环境因子的关系,除厦门西港低潮水外,台风期间ＰＯＣ含量的迅速增大,此“冲击期”共维持３ｄ后ＰＯＣ值迅速回落,进入“恢复期”。台风期间,九龙江口高低潮,厦门西港高潮表层水ＰＯＣ含量分别为０．７３９、１．３１９和０．８４８ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３,是非台风状况下的１．１、１．９和１．４倍,陆源有机物的输入和底质再悬浮作用是控制表层水ＰＯＣ含量的主要因素,而厦门西港低潮水ＰＯＣ含量受台风作用影响较小,碎屑ＰＯＣ为厦门近岸海域表层海水ＰＯＣ的主要组成部分。ＰＯＣ与溶解态Ｎ、Ｐ营养盐有一定正相关性,暗示其可能来自颗粒物有机Ｎ、Ｐ的生物降解。 相似文献
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We have shown that municipal wastewater and sewage sludge are contaminated by organotins. Here, we investigate the behaviour and fate of tributyltin (TBT) in laboratory-scale sewage sludge treatment at various conditions including both aerobic and anaerobic, and mesophilic and thermophilic. Organotins were determined by capillary GC-FPD. Fresh raw sewage sludge was stored in a tank that was connected to five chemostats maintained at different conditions. Raw sludge contained TBT, dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) residues in the range of 0·28 to 0·83 mg/kg (dry weight). The volumetric TBT concentration was 10·5 μg/litre in the influent, and ranged from 7·4 to 8·3 μg/litre in the effluent of the different chemostats. In the anaerobic mesophilic treatment, concentrations of TBT did not decrease with increasing sludge residence time, DBT increased and MBT showed no clear trend. The DBT increase is suggested to be due to leaching from the PVC walls of the chemostats, and not to degradation of TBT alone. The TBT reduction did not show significant differences between the mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic fermentors. These findings indicate that the degradation of TBT during sludge treatment is only low under all conditions tested. 相似文献
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我国东南沿海3港口有机锡污染的调查 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
利用顶空固相微萃取与气相色谱表面发射火焰光度检测法于2001年11月至2002年8月对我国东南沿海厦门、汕头和惠阳3个大型港口21个站位的水样、底泥和生物样的有机锡污染现状进行调查.结果表明,绝大多数样品的一丁基锡(MBT)含量最高,三丁基锡(TBT)次之,二丁基锡(DBT)大多低于检测限.水样的TBT含量实测值从低于检测限至9.8ng/dm3,泥样的为0.3~174.7ng/g(干重),生物样的为2.1~23.0ng/g(湿重).水样TBT含量均值以惠阳港的为最高,泥样和生物样的均以厦门港的最高.影响有机锡含量及其空间分布的主要因素有港口船舶吞吐量、水文状况、季节和与大型码头的距离.关联的海产腹足类性畸变调查结果发现,我国沿海有机锡污染比较普遍和严重,已对生态系统产生实质性的负面生态效应. 相似文献
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Water and sediment samples were collected from the Waitemata Harbour, Opua Inlet, and Tutukaka Harbour, and analysed for tributyl tin (TBT) using a hydride generation atomic absorption method. Specimens of oysters (Crassostrea gigas, Saccostrea glomerata, Ostrea heffordi) and oyster borer, Lepsiella scobina, were collected from the Tamaki Estuary and surrounding areas. These specimens were analysed for TBT using graphite furnace atomic absorption, and the oyster shell valves were examined for thickening. Concentrations of TBT in the water column were as high as 0.32 μg TBT‐Sn H. Marina sediments contained up to 0.240 μg TBT‐Sn g‐1. Shell thickening was found to occur in C. gigas where its incidence was correlated with the TBT body burden. Concentrations up to 2.24 μg TBT‐Sn gr‐1 (on a dry weight basis) were observed for C. gigas. This survey provides evidence for the toxic influence of TBT on non‐target organisms in New Zealand. 相似文献
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闽江口内、外拦门沙是福州港通海之主要障碍。本文应用遥感分析研究其悬浮泥沙的动态。结果表明,内拦门沙的形成与演变受多种因素控制,最重要的是川石水道的分流;外拦门沙是经梅花水道合流和铁板沙过滩水流分流后川石水道远端泥沙扩散的产物。目前,外沙浅滩仍显现不稳定状态。这些结论可为闽江口拦门沙整治规划提供科学依据。 相似文献