共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
白云凹陷深水区是深水油气勘探开发的热点区域,深水地质灾害严重威胁深水油气开发的施工安全,通过研究其主要深水地质灾害海底滑坡的形成、分布,可对深水油气开发过程中不必要的风险和损失进行预测和预防。通过分析中海油高精度三维地震资料,识别了白云凹陷深水油气开发区的海底滑坡以及与之相关的天然气水合物、气烟囱、泥底辟、浅层气和浅水流等深水地质灾害现象。这些深水地质灾害现象与海底滑坡的发育密不可分,是识别海底滑坡的重要因素。利用地球物理属性识别并发现了白云凹陷规模巨大和分布广泛的海底滑坡,并认为超压流体释放、水合物分解、高沉积速率等主导了白云凹陷海底滑坡的发育,这些主要控制因素都是南海北部新构造活动的产物,新构造活动才是海底滑坡的主要成因。 相似文献
2.
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2010,(6)
海底油气渗漏是海洋环境中广泛存在的自然现象,探测海底油气渗漏信息对海洋油气资源勘探与开发具有重要意义。目前,通过海底浅表层声学探测所获取的声学微地貌与剖面反射特征是油气渗漏研究的主要证据。对海底油气渗漏的形成环境、浅表层声学技术在渗漏探测中的发展与现状、渗漏产生的地貌形态与浅地层反射剖面特征等进行了系统讨论与分析。结合国内外应用实例,对不同海区声学探测方法、参数选择以及渗漏特征进行了归纳总结,指出应综合多种资料进行渗漏异常分析,并发展有针对性的数据处理方法。 相似文献
3.
法向承力锚(VLA)--一种适用于深海工程的新型系泊基础 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
深水系泊基础是深水系泊系统的重要组成,随着海洋油气资源开发的加速发展,深水系泊系统的关键技术成为国际海洋油气资源开发的重要研究领域.法向承力锚（VLA）是一种崭新的适用于深海油气资源开发的系泊基础形式,论文对其应用、性能特点、工作原理、安装与回收以及计算分析方法等进行了全面介绍,以期对科研人员进一步认识深水系泊系统的关键技术有所帮助,并对国内深水系泊系统的研发起到一定的借鉴作用. 相似文献
4.
5.
埕岛海区水下岸坡是海底不稳定活动的频发地带,存在着海底差异冲蚀、残留岗丘、沉积物块体运动等灾害地质,对海上工程设施造成极大威胁.通过对海区多波束、声呐、浅剖等声学调查资料的分析,结合前人研究成果,对水下岸坡沉积物块体运动的区域差异性进行了研究.认为埕岛水下岸坡区沉积物块体运动极为发育,受海区波浪诱发因素的控制,岸坡上部水深3～6 m的区域中,海底沉积物块体运动沿坡向深水方向水平运动的趋势明显,对海洋工程设施影响较大;岸坡下部,沉积物块体运动主要表现为向深部地层的扰动和区域性的失水塌陷压实作用. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
中国深水海域油气及相关资源勘探开发进展及关键技术 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
深水油气及相关资源的开发是我国解决能源紧缺问题的关键,我国南海深水海域蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,天然气水合物资源赋存也有着良好的前景.本文探讨了深水油气及相关资源开发勘探技术的进展和技术发展方向. 相似文献
9.
10.
在深入调研南海深水盆地油气地质条件的基础上,系统分析了油气分布规律和成藏主控因素,明确了油气资源潜力和有利勘探方向,旨在为南海深水油气勘探决策提供科学依据。研究结果表明:南海深水盆地发育在非典型边缘海大陆边缘,其石油地质条件具有特殊性,油气分布特征存在显著的南北差异。其中,南海北部深水的珠江口盆地和琼东南盆地,以构造圈闭型油气藏为主;南海中南部深水的曾母盆地南部和文莱-沙巴盆地,主要为构造圈闭型油气藏,曾母盆地北部以岩性油气藏(生物礁滩型油气藏)为主,万安盆地主要为构造圈闭型和基岩潜山型油气藏。南海北部深水盆地和中南部深水盆地的烃源岩、储盖和圈闭等油气地质特征表明,南海深水盆地具有巨大的油气勘探潜力。南海深水的有利勘探方向为:①琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷的中央峡谷、陵南斜坡带,松南-宝岛凹陷的反转构造带,宝岛凹陷北坡海底扇,长昌凹陷的环A洼圈闭带(海底扇);珠江口盆地白云凹陷的主洼深水扇、主洼两翼、西南断阶带,荔湾凹陷的深水扇。②南海中南部深水盆地的文莱-沙巴、曾母和万安盆地。 相似文献
11.
Yi Rui 《Marine Geodesy》2019,42(3):246-262
Submarine debris flows have a significant impact on offshore and coastal facilities. The unique characteristics of submarine debris flows involve large mass movements and long travel distances over very gentle slopes. To improve our insight and knowledge of the basic mechanism behind submarine debris flows, an analytical model was derived for the mobility of submarine debris flows. This model takes into account the mass change of debris flows induced by deposition, stagnation pressure, and the topography of the depositional area. One case study on the Palos Verdes debris flow proves its ability to predict the run-out distance of a submarine debris flow to a reasonable level of accuracy. On the gentle slopes, the submarine debris flow progressively loses mass due to deposition, which in turn influences the flow velocity. In addition, the results show that the slope angle and spreading angle of the debris depositional zone play important roles in the sliding process. 相似文献
12.
南海北部白云深水区东北部小型峡谷内的块体搬运 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
The process of mass movements and their consequent turbidity currents in large submarine canyons has been widely reported, however, little attention was paid to that in small canyons. In this paper, we document mass movements in small submarine canyons in the northeast of Baiyun deepwater area, north of the South China Sea(SCS), and their strong effects on the evolution of the canyons based on geophysical data. Submarine canyons in the study area arrange closely below the shelf break zone which was at the depth of –500 m. Within submarine canyons, seabed surface was covered with amounts of failure scars resulted from past small-sized landslides. A complex process of mass transportation in the canyons is indicated by three directions of mass movements.Recent mass movement deposits in the canyons exhibit translucent reflections or parallel reflections which represent the brittle deformation and the plastic deformation, respectively. The area of most landslides in the canyons is less than 3 km2. The trigger mechanisms for mass movements in the study area are gravitational overloading, slope angle and weak properties of soil. Geophysical data indicate that the genesis of submarine canyons is the erosion of mass movements and consequent turbidity currents. The significant effects of mass movements on canyon are incision and sediment transportation at the erosion phases and fillings supply at the fill phases. This research will be helpful for the geological risk assessments and understanding the sediment transportation in the northern margin of the SCS. 相似文献
13.
为探索海底管道在锚击作用下的损伤规律,通过海底管道损伤试验和数值模拟,研究了坠物质量、坠落高度和坠物形状对海底管道机械损伤的影响,并结合试验结果修正了Ellinas-Wallker公式。研究结果表明:管道的凹陷损伤随坠物质量和坠落高度的增大而变大;在相同质量的立方体、球体和模型锚三种形状坠物作用下,球体坠物对管道的损伤最严重;EllinasWallker公式计算结果偏于保守,修正后计算结果与试验和数值模拟结果吻合良好。研究结果可以为海底管道的工程设计及应用提供一定的参考。 相似文献
14.
Detailed morphological data collected from the submarine flanks of the Canary Islands have revealed numerous submarine canyons down to water depths of >3,000 m. These canyons are interpreted to have formed by submarine erosion. We postulate formation of proto-canyons by downslope-eroding mass flows which originate on land, enter the sea, and continue below sea level for several tens of kilometers. Once proto-canyons have been formed, they become deepened by further erosion and failures of the canyon walls and/or floor. Large amounts of sediments, funnelled through the canyons from the islands into the adjacent deep-ocean sedimentary basins, play an important role in the evolution of volcanic aprons surrounding ocean islands. Some major canyon systems appear to have persisted for at least 14 million years. 相似文献
15.
XIU Zongxiang LIU Lejun XIE Qiuhong LI Jiagang HU Guanghai YANG Jianghui 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(7):116-122
A large number of submarine landslides with different scales have been identified in the canyon area of the submarine pipeline route of Liwan 3-1 gas field. There is still much chance that submarine sl... 相似文献
16.
潜艇在水下进行重力梯度探测与导航过程中,利用重力梯度仪测量所在位置的重力梯度张量来感知周边海底地形起伏以及规避障碍物,由于潜艇中人员具有一定的质量,人员在理论上会对重力梯度测量值产生影响。为分析人员质量对重力梯度测量的影响,将人体简化为立方体模型,计算人体在潜艇内不同高度处的重力梯度异常分布情况,分析其对重力梯度探测的影响,并将计算得到的结果与质点模型的结果对比分析得到两者的差异。结果表明在距离人体5 m以内的大部分位置上,重力梯度各分量的量级能达到10~(-2)E,在更近的位置上梯度值的量级能达到10E,为防止对重力梯度仪测量结果产生影响,人员需要在距离梯度仪一定的距离外活动,随着精度的提高,限制距离将会增大。本文得出的结论可为以后重力梯度探测工程化应用提供一定的理论参考。 相似文献
17.
Modern side-scan sonar technology was used to resurvey the site of the Howe Sound submarine slide described by Terzaghi. Chutes,
hummocky topography, and subparallel scarps indicative of submarine mass movement are widespread. Submarine slope processes
appear to be far more important to the development of this coarsegrained fan delta than suspected. 相似文献
18.
Considerable effort has been expended in studying the Izu-Bonin Arc over the past 15 years. In particular, 43 dives of the Shinkai 2000 have been undertaken there to discover and evaluate the extent of submarine hydrothermal activity and mineraliza tion. Most effort has been focused on Myojin Knoll (23 dives), Suiyo Seamount (6 dives), and Kaikata Caldera (10 dives). The Izu-Bonin Arc is divided in two by the Sofugan Tectonic Line. Eight submarine caldera are located north of this line but only one is south of it. The physiography of the northern sector of the arc is quite different from that of the southern sector. Volcanic rocks from the northern sector are more acidic than those from the southern sector. Evidence for submarine hydrothermal mineralization has been observed at four seamounts along the Izu-Bonin Arc (Myojin Knoll, Myojinsho, Suiyo Seamount, and Kaikata Caldera), and submarine hydrothermal activity is evident at another three seamounts along the arc (Kurose Hole, Mokuyo Seamount, and Doyo Seamount). The most extensive submarine hydrothermal mineral deposit so far located on the Izu-Bonin Arc is the Sunrise deposit at Myojin Knoll. This deposit, at least 400 m in diameter and 30 m high, is associated with black smoker venting, inactive sulfide chimneys, massive sulfides, hydrothermal Mn crusts, and a hydrothermal vent fauna. The maximum recorded temperature of the hydrothermal vents there was 278°C. Some of the sulfide chimneys contained as much as 49 μg / g Au and 3,400 μg / g Ag. The sunrise deposit is one of the largest submarine volcanic massive sulfide deposits so far discovered in midocean ridge, backarc, or arc settings and has an estimated mass of 9 x 10 6 t. This deposit may be of the Kuroko-type. The discovery of the Sunrise deposit in 1997 gives hope that other, similarly large, sulfide deposits may be found in other caldera along the Izu-Bonin Arc. The geological variability along the arc, the high seismicity, the occurrence of active volcanism and submarine hydrothermal venting, and a proven submarine hydrothermal mineral potential coupled with the proximity of the region to Japan suggest that the Izu-Bonin Arc could profitably serve as a natural laboratory for the long-term monitoring of the seafloor. 相似文献
19.
Christian Ferrarin John Rapaglia Luca Zaggia Georg Umgiesser Giovanni Maria Zuppi 《Marine Chemistry》2008,112(3-4):179-188
A mass balance of the naturally occurring short-lived radium isotopes (223,224Ra) in the Venice Lagoon was conducted by an integrated approach combining the directly estimated individual Ra contributions and hydrodynamic model results. Hydrodynamic data allows for the calculation of the Ra mass balance in sub-sections of the Venice Lagoon (boxes), which are characterized by physically homogeneous properties, instead of investigating the entire lagoon. Utilizing this method, both the seasonal and the spatial variability of the submarine groundwater discharge in the Venice Lagoon have been estimated. Between 14–83 × 109 L d− 1 of water were calculated to flow across the sediment–sea interface, corresponding to 5–28 times the mean annual river input. The submarine groundwater discharge estimates were correlated with the residence time calculation to better understand spatial and seasonal variation. 相似文献
20.
海底滑坡作为常见的海洋地质灾害,对海洋油气工程安全产生巨大威胁。海床土体失稳引起滑坡体滑动,会对海底管道产生拖曳作用。基于计算流体动力学方法(CFD)建立海底滑坡体对管道作用的评估模型,采用H-B模型描述块状滑坡体并与试验比较验证,分析不同海床倾斜度滑坡对管道的作用并拟合表达式;研究了海底管道在滑坡作用下的力学响应,并采用极限状态方法开展海底滑坡作用下管道结构极限安全分析,探讨了管道埋地状态时的极限安全界限,建立滑坡作用下管道结构安全分析方法。研究表明:滑坡对管道作用力与海床倾角呈现正相关,而覆土层厚度对作用力影响较小;随着不排水抗剪强度的减小,允许的滑坡宽度和速度均增加,表明土体不排水抗剪强度与引起的拖曳力呈正相关;滑坡土体宽度对极限安全速度影响较大。 相似文献