共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 149 毫秒
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作者回顾了近50年的科研工作生涯，特别是对海洋浪花飞溅区构筑物腐蚀防护的研究，以及我国浪花飞溅区腐蚀防护的重要事件，总结了相关工程经验。同时，对浪花飞溅腐蚀防护的未来前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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腐蚀与防护工作在国民经济中占有重要地位,许多先进国家都非常重视这一领域的研究。世界上工业发达国家对腐蚀损失统计十分重视。不少先进国家,例如美国、日本、英国、德国、澳大利亚等国曾多次对本国因腐蚀而造成的损失及由于采取了合理的防腐措施而免受的损失进行过调查。例如美国先后在1949年、1973年、1977年、1983年、1984年和1989年多次进行过腐蚀调查。美国H.H.Vhig于1949年最先提出美国每年腐蚀损失为55×10~8美元,当时震惊了美国和全世界。1984年美国腐蚀损失为16.8×10~(10)美元,1989年腐蚀损失为20×10~(10)美元,约占国民经济总产值的4.2％。调查结果还表明,如果采取了有效的防腐蚀措施,其 相似文献
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船舶的微生物腐蚀与防护技术* 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
海洋环境中的微生物腐蚀已被公认为是海洋工程金属构筑物的腐蚀破坏的重要形式。航行在海洋中的船舶不仅受到海水腐蚀的影响,各个部件还会受到微生物腐蚀的影响。严重的微生物腐蚀会导致管路阻塞、部件失效和腐蚀穿孔,不仅影响船舶设备正常运行,也严重威胁船舶安全。本文系统分析了船舶微生物腐蚀发生的位点和危害、不同位点的腐蚀微生物群落结构特征、船舶材料的微生物腐蚀以及不同防护技术的适用范围,并在此基础上提出对船舶微生物腐蚀研究工作的建议。 相似文献
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海水中近60年钢板桩的腐蚀状况 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对码头入海近60年钢板桩进行研究。采用水下摄像、水下超声波测厚、水下切割取样等手段调查和检测钢桩腐蚀状况，结果表明钢板桩厚度减薄较小，腐蚀较轻。钢板桩的材质成份值得借鉴。 相似文献
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杨瑾 《海洋与海岸带开发》2012,(9):102-105
在我国建设蓝色经济的同时,海洋腐蚀也在无时无刻威胁着海洋工程、船舶等的安全。文章通过对我国海洋腐蚀状况的分析及海洋工程防腐技术研发、实用的报道,提出在浪花飞溅区防腐刻不容缓以及我国海洋防腐产业亟待发展。 相似文献
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钢在海洋飞溅带的腐蚀与防护 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
人们所说的钢铁结构在海洋环境中腐蚀严重，只是一个总概念。因为海洋环境共有海洋大气带、海洋飞溅带、海水潮差带、海水全浸带和海泥带５个区带。而钢铁的腐蚀行为在各带中有很大差异（如图１所示）。图中数据为第一作者及侯文泰在湛江麻斜岛海区中暴露试验２ａ所得。可见海洋飞溅带才是钢铁构件在海洋环境中受到腐蚀最为严重的区带。目前，人们对解决海洋环境中其他各区带的腐蚀问题，都已经有许多成功的方法和国际标准。但对海洋飞溅带的防护问题却一直为人们所关注，国内外尚无飞溅带腐蚀试验和防护的标准，也未有一套完整的、成熟可靠… 相似文献
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Corrosion and fatigue cracks are major threats to the structural integrity of aging offshore platforms. For the rational estimation of the safety levels of aging platforms, a global reliability assessment approach for aging offshore platforms with corrosion and fatigue cracks is presented in this paper. The base shear capacity is taken as the global ultimate strength of the offshore platforms. It is modeled as a random process that decreases with time in the presence of corrosion and fatigue crack propagati... 相似文献
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Study on Interaction Relationship for Submarine Pipeline with Axial Corrosion Defects 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Corrosion is one of the main reasons to cause the operation accident of submarine oil and gas transmission pipelines. As the major corrosion pattern in submarine pipelines, the effects of corrosion clusters consisting of the adjacent corrosion defects on failure pressure are investigated through non-linear large-deformation finite element method. Typically, the failure behavior and limit strength of submarine pipeline with axial groove-groove corrosion defect pair exposed to internal pressure are analyzed. The effects of corrosion depth and axial spacing between a pair of corrosion defects on failure pressure are concluded. An interaction relationship for corrosion defects in pipelines, as well as prediction formulations for assessing the remaining strength of corroded pipelines are proposed. The expressions based on the proposed interaction relationship give more accurate results than the methods used in the existing design guidelines. 相似文献
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Corrosion and fatigue cracks are major threats to the structural integrity of aging offshore platforms.For the rational estimation of the safety levels of aging platforms,a global reliability assessment approach for aging offshore platforms with corrosion and fatigue cracks is presented in this paper.The base shear capacity is taken as the global ultimate strength of the offshore plaffoms,it is modeled as a random process that decreases with time in the presence of corrosion and fatigue crack propagation.And the corrosion and fatigue crack growth rates in the main members and key joints are modeled as random variables.A simulation method of the extreme wave loads which are applied to the structures of offshore platforms is proposed too.Furthermore,the statistics of global base shear capacity and extreme wave loads are obtained by Monte Carlo simulation method.On the basis of the limit state equation of global failure mode,the instantaneous reliability and time dependent reliability assessment methods are both presented in this paper.Finally the instantaueous reliability index and time dependent failure probability of a jacket platform are estimated with different ages in the demonstration example. 相似文献
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腐蚀是管道常见的缺陷形式之一,会极大降低管道的压溃压力,同时深海环境下高静水外压易引发管道压溃失效,威胁管道的安全运行,因此准确预测管道压溃压力显得尤为重要。采用数值模拟方法研究了含腐蚀缺陷的高强钢厚壁管道压溃失效模式,分析了管材、管道径厚比、腐蚀深度、长度和宽度等参数对高强钢厚壁管道压溃压力的影响规律。分析结果表明:管道径厚比愈大,对厚壁管道的承压能力提升愈显著;腐蚀缺陷的存在对管道压溃压力具有减小作用;随着管道材料等级的提升,压溃压力有明显提高。提出了相应的压溃压力预测公式,为厚壁管道完整性评价提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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Artificial neural networks and their application to assessment of ultimate strength of plates with pitting corrosion 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The potential for the structural capability degrading effects of both corrosion and fatigue induced cracks are of profound importance and must be both fully understood and reflected in vessel's inspection and maintenance programme. Corrosion has been studied and quantified by many researchers, however its effect on structural integrity is still subject to uncertainty, particularly with regards to localized corrosion. The present study is focused on assessing the effects of localized pitting corrosion on the ultimate strength of unstiffened plates. Over 265 non-linear finite-element analyses of panels with various locations and sizes of pitting corrosion have been carried out. The results indicate that the length, breadth and depth of pit corrosion have weakening effects on the ultimate strength of the plates while plate slenderness has only marginal effect on strength reduction. Transverse location of pit corrosion is also an important factor determining the amount of strength reduction. When corrosion spreads transversely on both edges, it has the most deteriorating effect on strength. In addition, artificial neural network (ANN) method is applied to derive a formula to predict ultimate strength reduction of locally corroded plates. It is found out that the proposed formulae can accurately predict the ultimate strength of locally corroded plates under uniaxial in-plane compression. 相似文献
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建立了基于风险的船体结构腐蚀优化检测规划的成本-效益分析模型。以费效比作为选择最优检测策略的标准,最优的检测策略是在保证结构设计工作寿命期内的可靠指标大于最低可靠指标的基础上,使得结构生命周期内总的费效比最大。在此基础上,以受点腐蚀损伤的船体构件为例,对其检测策略进行了成本-效益评估,并对计算结果进行了敏感性分析。结果表明,基于风险的成本及效益分析方法可以将检测规划的经济性和可靠性有效地结合起来,能够在风险与成本之间达到一种平衡,它在优化检测策略时是有效的。 相似文献
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非黏结柔性管道是海洋油气开发的重要装备,在海水环境中,抗拉铠装层发生腐蚀会对安全运行产生严重威胁,因此明确抗拉铠装层腐蚀机理、对柔性管道的检测和对抗拉铠装层的腐蚀评估十分重要。抗拉铠装层腐蚀与环空的气体环境和水环境有关,采用合适的检测方法和设备检测环空,可以帮助判断其腐蚀情况,并为腐蚀疲劳寿命评估和应对策略制定提供参考。针对抗拉铠装层腐蚀机理、非黏结柔性管道检测、腐蚀疲劳寿命评估和腐蚀应对措施进行了总结,指出机理研究和检测评估方法的不足,为国内柔性管道抗拉铠装层腐蚀研究和完整性管理提供参考。 相似文献