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1.
2006年7月—2007年12月,在长江口及邻近海域(29°30′N~32°30′N,120°00′E~127°30′E)布设150个观测站位,进行了4个季节生物、化学和物理海洋学综合调查。根据采集的浮游动物样品的分析鉴定结果及现场环境参数的测定数据,对浮游动物群落生物量分布及季节变化进行了研究。结果表明:长江口及邻近海域浮游动物生物量有明显的季节变化,主要表现为:春季>夏季>秋季>冬季。中华哲水蚤(Calanussinicus)、双生水母(Diphyeschamissonis)、百陶带箭虫(Zonosagittabedoti)和中华假磷虾(Pseudeuphausiasinica)是长江口及邻近海域浮游动物生物量的主要贡献者。化学营养盐是影响长江口及邻近海域浮游动物生物量分布的主要环境因素,除此以外,其它环境因子在不同季节对浮游动物生物量的影响存在差异。春季,温度和盐度是影响浮游动物生物量的主要因素;夏季,温度、溶解氧和叶绿素a是影响浮游动物生物量的主要因素;秋季,盐度、溶解氧和悬浮颗粒物是影响浮游动物生物量的主要因素。冬季,环境因子对浮游动物生物量影响不明显。 相似文献
2.
秋季长江口鱼类浮游生物群落时空结构 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据1998—2009年11月长江口及其邻近海域7个航次的调查资料,探讨了秋季长江口鱼类浮游生物群落种类组成、群落结构及多样性时空变化特征。研究结果显示,7个秋季航次共捕获鱼类浮游生物969个(尾),隶属于10目19科33种,以鲈形目种类最多(7科9种)。秋季长江口鱼类浮游生物以沿岸型种类最多(12种),其次是半咸水(10种)和近海种类(9种),淡水种类最少(4种)。秋季长江口鱼类浮游生物优势种年度间演替显著,对鱼类浮游生物群落丰度贡献最大的种类包括:半咸水型的矛尾鰕虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)和前颌间银鱼(Salanx prognathus)、沿岸型的康氏小公鱼(Stolephorus commersonnii)、近海型的鳀(Engraulis japonicus)和带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)。2004年以后,长江口鱼类浮游生物种类数量、丰度和多样性均显著高于2004之前的调查航次。ANOSIM分析显示,长江口鱼类浮游生物群落结构年度间差异显著,且2007和2009年与其他年度不相似性最高。可以看出,秋季长江口鱼类浮游生物种类组成呈年度变异状态,2004年后长江口鱼类浮游生物群落结构变异最大,多样性呈增加趋势。 相似文献
3.
长江口外低氧区特征及其影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对2008年8月至2010年9月在长江口30°20′N～32°30′N,122°15′E～124°20′E范围海域开展的7次综合海洋调查资料进行分析,以期了解长江口海域低氧现象的年际、季节变化及其对海洋环境和生物的影响。研究结果发现,该海域夏季存在长江口和浙江南部两处低氧区域,低氧现象主要发生在20～50?m水层;低氧海域与非低氧海域的无机氮（DIN）、活性磷酸盐、叶绿素a含量存在一定差异;长江口海域浮游动物、浮游植物的分布状况与低氧区的存在与否未能发现相关关系。低氧区是底栖生物生物量的高值区,多毛类是其中最多的底栖生物种类,对低氧环境的耐受程度较高。 相似文献
4.
《海洋湖沼通报》2017,(6)
根据2015年4月(春季)和11月(秋季)珠江口海域南沙段海洋生态调查资料,探讨了该海域浮游动物种类组成、优势种、丰度、均匀度(J)、多样性指数(H')及多样性阈值(Dv)等群落生态特征。共鉴定浮游动物73种(类),其中春季28种(类),秋季57种(类),中华异水蚤(Acartiella sinensis)和长尾类幼体为2季共有优势种(类群)。调查海区的浮游动物可划分为淡水生态类群、河口低盐生态类群、广温广盐生态类群、近岸暖水生态类群和外海暖水生态类群。浮游动物丰度和生物量均为春季高于秋季,而多样性指数、均匀度和多样性阈值则以秋季高于春季。统计分析表明,浮游动物丰度均与水温有关(P0.05),除了水温,盐度成为秋季浮游动物最主要的影响因子,相关性极显著(P0.01)。 相似文献
5.
《海洋湖沼通报》2020,(2)
根据2016年5、8月2个航次的生态调查资料,对舟山海域38个监测站位的浮游动物种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种、物种多样性、群落结构特征、群组指示种进行研究。结果显示,春季浮游动物平均丰度及平均生物量(47.1ind./m~3和251.2mg/m~3)均低于夏季(201.5 ind./m~3和1124.7 mg/m~3);春季全海域浮游动物多样性指数低于夏季(春季H'=1.41,夏季H'=1.86)。浮游动物丰度在春季与表层温度、表层盐度呈现正相关,在夏季与表层盐度呈现弱的负相关。无论是春季还是夏季,由各群组浮游动物指示种来看,调查站位可分为受冲淡水影响的杭州湾内群组和受到外海水团影响的其他群组。洋流和水团深刻影响了浮游动物群落结构,温度和盐度是影响舟山海域浮游动物分布的主要环境因子。 相似文献
6.
荣成湾毗邻海域浮游动物群落季节分布特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用2009年度4个季度月的现场调查资料研究了荣成湾毗邻海域浮游动物群落的季节分布特征。研究表明, 在荣成湾毗邻海域出现的浮游动物共59个种类, 秋季、夏季和春季浮游动物均为30种以上(依次为38种、35种和32种), 而冬季种类数相对较少(22种)。浮游动物优势种主要为强壮箭虫(Aidanosagitta crassa)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)和拟长腹剑水蚤(Oithona similis)等种类, 其个体丰度的空间和季节分布特征差异较大。浮游动物湿重生物量冬季最高(433.8 mg/m3), 春季(220.7 mg/m3)和秋季(162.4 mg/m3)次之, 而夏季(52.5 mg/m3)相对较低。浮游动物群落物种多样性指数H′年平均值为2.50, 均匀性指数J′年平均值为0.65, 季节比较上, 夏季浮游动物多样性和均匀度均较高, 而春季多样性和均匀性平均值为低值, 且最大值和最小值之间波动范围较大。进一步分析显示, 湾内的筏架养殖对浮游动物群落的分布有显著影响。 相似文献
7.
8.
基于遥感数据,采用功率谱和相关性分析等方法,研究了长江口邻近海域海表温度(SST)的时空变化特征以及影响因素。结果表明:1982—2017年长江口邻近海域的SST 整体表现为每10 a升温约0.48 °C的趋势,且具有10.0,3.6,2.4和1.0 a的振荡周期。长期以来,冬、春、夏、秋四季的长江口邻近海域SST总体呈现升温趋势,其中春季的升温趋势最显著,而秋季变化趋势最不明显。研究海区的SST呈现明显西北—东南向温度递增的分布特征。此外,长江口径流量的变化对邻近海域的SST具有一定影响,从多年变化来看,径流量增大(减小),长江口邻近海域SST随之升高(降低),从月变化来看,3月、4月和9月的长江径流对SST有影响。气温对SST具有一定的强迫作用,大气温度的总体趋势是升高的,通过海气相互作用进行热传输,从而造成长江口邻近海域SST升温。 相似文献
9.
广东省南澳海域是粤东重要的海产养殖基地, 分析该海域浮游动物群落结构特征对评估其生态环境质量具有重要意义。文章根据2014年9月(秋季)、12月(冬季)、2015年4月(春季)和2016年7月(夏季)在南澳岛东部海域的浮游动物调查, 分析该海域浮游动物的群落结构特征, 探讨环境因素对其时空分布的影响。共鉴定浮游动物206种(包括浮游幼虫), 桡足类种数最多, 达94种; 远岸海域浮游动物的种数高于近岸海域。浮游动物丰度和生物量的季节变化明显, 夏、秋季高于冬、春季; 浮游动物丰度和生物量的分布趋势较一致, 夏季高值区主要出现在近岸, 秋季由近岸向远岸海域递增。浮游动物不同类群和优势种的丰度也存在季节变化, 桡足类是调查期间丰度较高的类群, 秋季水母类和海樽类丰度明显增加; 优势种后圆真浮萤(Euconchoecia maimai)和针刺真浮萤(Euconchoecia aculeata)在夏季丰度高, 小齿海樽(Doliolum denticulatum)在秋季占绝对优势。温度、盐度和浮游植物生物量是影响南澳岛东部海域浮游动物时空变化的主要环境因子, 说明该海域浮游动物群落特征受海流、水团和养殖活动的综合影响。 相似文献
10.
台湾海峡东部海域海樽类被囊动物的分布 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
本文根据对1997至1999年3个航次在台湾海峡东部海域(23°30'～25°30′N,118°30′～121°00′E)采集的大型浮游动物样品的分析,首次专文报道了该海域浮游海樽类(Thaliacea)被囊动物的种类组成和数量分布,其中夏季的种类最多(11种),数量最大,平均丰度达7445×10-3个 m3,优势种是东方双尾纽鳃樽(Thaliademocraticaorientalis)、软拟海樽(Doliolettagegenbauri)和韦氏纽鳃樽(Weeliacy lindrica),而冬季的种类和个体数量最少,仅小齿海樽(Doliolumdenticulatum)的出现率较高.文章讨论了海樽类分布与水温、盐度及浮游植物丰度的关系,并与邻近海域海樽类的分布状况作了比较. 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺的检测方法初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究的目的是探索一种检测双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺含量的方法。以栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)和长牡蛎(Crassostreagigas)为实验对象,研究了取样、抗氧化剂、氧化铝用量以及Tris缓冲液用量等对实验结果的影响。结果表明,高效液相色谱电化学检测器法(HPLC-ECD)可以灵敏高效地对双壳贝类血淋巴中儿茶酚胺进行定性、定量检测。实验表明,取样时间最长不超过1.5min;还原性谷胱甘肽作抗氧化剂效果较好;前处理各试剂与血样量的最适配比为血样量1.5mL,Tris缓冲液(1.5mol/L,pH8.6)1mL和氧化铝25mg;水洗后离心并尽可能吸干氧化铝中的水分。去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的回收率分别为53%~69%、47%~73%和48%~56%。 相似文献
14.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
为研究黄河入海径流变化条件下河口附近海域盐度扩散特征,以更好地保护河口海域生物资源多样性,本文以黄河下游利津水文站的长序列实测径流数据资料为基础,利用近海水动力模型FVCOM,分析径流变化对黄河口海域盐度的影响规律。结果表明：黄河口与莱州湾之间存在顺时针的环流系统,在余流作用以及涨落潮方向的影响下,黄河冲淡水长期向莱州湾扩散;丰水期黄河冲淡水几乎影响了整个莱州湾,27盐度锋可以到达莱州湾中部,27等盐线的表层包络面积为2 665.61 km2,占莱州湾的1/4左右,枯水期低盐度水只有向南扩散的趋势,27以下的低盐度水集中分布在黄河口门附近,27等盐线的表层包络面积只有199.65 km2;5月份,随着入海径流量增加,27等盐线扩散的范围、距离、方向都会发生明显变化。在对近海生物资源有迫切保护需求的情景下,适当减少其他用水户供水量以增加入海生态径流量,可以有效改善黄河口海域附近的盐度情况,为生物资源的生长繁殖创造良好条件。 相似文献
16.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
17.
The authors have previously determined that the effectiveness and failure pattern of the ice cover caused by flexural-gravity waves generated by a submerged body motion near the bottom ice can greatly depend on the depth of the water area. In its turn, the presence of a ledge on the ice surface may affect a wave propagation pattern. This paper presents an experimental study of the bottom contour influence on the deflection and length of flexural-gravity waves. The authors describe a numerical model for the analysis of the deformed state of ice caused by hydrodynamic loads due to a submarine motion, taking into account the bottom contour. The experiments are carried out in the ice tank. The results of calculations and experiments are compared. 相似文献
18.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
19.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
20.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献