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1.
威海西港人工鱼礁区生态系统健康评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综合考虑近海生态系统特点与人工鱼礁建设的功能,从海水水质、群落结构和生态系统功能三方面构建了人工鱼礁生态系统健康评价模型。基于对威海西港人工鱼礁区及对照区4个季度(2012年9月—2013年7月)海洋生态环境和渔业资源的综合调查结果,对威海西港人工鱼礁区的生态系统进行了健康评价。研究表明:威海西港人工鱼礁区及对照区的生态系统春季、夏季、秋季为较健康水平,冬季为亚健康水平;鱼礁区生态健康指数大于对照区,且差异极显著(P0.01);鱼礁区生态系统健康综合指数为夏季秋季春季冬季。综合分析认为,威海西港人工鱼礁区生态系统比对照区生态系统更稳定,但仍需开展长期的调查与监测进行验证。本研究结果对于人工鱼礁区的管理、保护和规划具有参考意义。 相似文献
2.
日照前三岛人工鱼礁对渔业资源影响的初步评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(8)
为了解日照前三岛海域人工鱼礁的投放对其附近海域渔业资源的影响,于2012年9月—2013年8月利用三重定置刺网对日照前三岛人工鱼礁投放海域及其临近海域开展了4个季度的渔业资源调查。根据调查结果分析比较了人工鱼礁区与对照区的渔业物种、优势种的组成;采用Margalef物种丰富度指数D、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′和Pielou均匀度指数J′对比了人工鱼礁区与对照区的生物群落多样性;采用刺网单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)比较了人工鱼礁区与对照区的渔业资源密度。结果表明,鱼礁区的渔业资源总种数是对照区的1.71倍,人工鱼礁区鱼类种数是对照区的2.38倍,虾类、蟹类、棘皮类、头足类鱼礁区都比对照区多;人工鱼礁区不论是渔业物种数量还是丰富度指数、多样性指数都要好于对照区,并且人工鱼礁区优势种更稳定,CPUE高于对照区,资源密度更大。说明日照前三岛人工鱼礁的投放对所在海域聚集海洋生物、改善生物群落结构及增加生物多样性有显著作用,尤其对鱼类的诱集和养护更为明显。本文的研究结果可为人工鱼礁建设和效果评估提供理论支撑。 相似文献
3.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(3)
于2012年9月—2013年8月对荣成俚岛人工鱼礁区及对照区的浮游植物进行了4个航次的根据调查数据,探究人工鱼礁投放对浮游植物群落结构的影响。调查显示:鱼礁区与对照区共鉴定出浮游植物5门40属78种,主要由硅藻门(65种)和甲藻门(10种)构成。主要优势种有短楔形藻(Licmophora abbreviata)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、星脐圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus asteromphalus)等,其中具槽帕拉藻是春、秋、冬季的第一优势种。虽然浮游植物优势种存在明显的季节更替现象,但鱼礁区与对照区的优势种相同。除春、夏季的浮游植物细胞丰度人工鱼礁区显著高于对照区外,种类数、多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数、叶绿素a浓度等群落参数人工鱼礁区与对照区无显著差异(p0.05),但不同季节间各浮游植物的群落参数存在显著差异(p0.01)。人工鱼礁区与对照区的浮游植物群落结构相似的原因可能是人工鱼礁投放时间短、人工鱼礁区与对照区相距较近及浮游动物的"下行效应"。冗余分析结果表明,显著影响人工鱼礁区和对照区浮游植物群落结构的环境因子按其重要性依次为:透明度、可溶无机氮、BOD5、pH、磷酸盐、温度、COD和硅酸盐;溶解氧和盐度对浮游植物群落结构无显著影响。 相似文献
4.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(1)
根据2012年9月—2013年8月对海州湾前三岛人工鱼礁区生物资源和环境因子的调查,结合3个等级评价标准,构建了基于熵权的模糊物元的人工鱼礁区生态效果综合评价模型,并对海州湾前三岛人工鱼礁区的生态效果进行初步评价。研究表明,鱼礁区的综合生态效果优于对照区,且二者都高于Ⅰ级水平。其中,鱼礁区水质与底质状况高于对照区,且二者都远好于Ⅰ级水平;鱼礁区饵料生物水平稍好于对照区,均处于Ⅲ级水平;鱼礁区鱼类与大型无脊椎动物远超过对照区,高于Ⅰ级水平,对照区处于Ⅱ级水平。结果表明,海州湾前三岛海域人工鱼礁的生态效果良好,用本文评价方法得到的数据可以作为评价鱼礁生态效果的依据。 相似文献
5.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(3)
基于2012—2013年对威海小石岛、威海俚岛、日照前三岛鱼礁区的渔获物调查结果,采用各物种的VPUE(The value per unit effort),确定了3处人工鱼礁区和对照区的主要经济物种并对其进行对比分析,检验了3处人工鱼礁区是否可以提高当地渔业收益;采用非度量多维标度分析方法(MDS)分析了3处鱼礁区和对照区的VPUE结构并进行了差异性分析。研究表明,在3处鱼礁区之间以及鱼礁区和对照区之间的主要经济物种的种类和价值贡献率都具有明显的差异;3处鱼礁区的VPUE结构在鱼礁区之间具有明显的差异(R=0.414,P=0.003),在季节之间不具有明显的差异(R=-0.052,P=0.6370.05);3处人工鱼礁区都能提高当地渔业收益;3处鱼礁区的VPUE相对于对照区平均增加了160.8%,俚岛、前三岛和小石岛人工鱼礁区的VPUE分别增加了312.7%、98.3%和71.3%。 相似文献
6.
2013—2015年在山东小石岛和俚岛人工鱼礁区用刺网和地笼进行了6次渔业资源调查,并利用丰度和丰富度2个指标比较分析了2种网具的渔获物组成。研究表明,2个鱼礁区共捕获65种生物,其中,地笼和刺网分别捕获52种和48种,2种网具捕获的生物种类相似性均较高,索伦森指数S分别为0.66和0.58;相似性分析检验(ANOSIM)和t检验结果均表明,地笼捕获的生物种类与生物数量均高于刺网,但无显著差异;基于距离的置换多元方差分析(PER-MANOVA)得到鱼礁区生物资源丰度与地理位置以及年份显著相关,而与网具类型和季节无显著关系;累积种类数量图表明地笼相较刺网可以捕获更多生物种类;大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)和许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)的体长分布曲线表明,地笼捕获样品的体长范围大于刺网,但刺网捕获样品的规格显著大于地笼。综合分析认为,地笼和刺网2种调查网具的混合采样,可弥补单一调查网具的不足,以更加全面了解人工鱼礁区的生物群落结构。 相似文献
7.
威海小石岛人工鱼礁区渔获物组成特征及与环境因子的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(5)
于2012年9月—2013年7月采集了威海小石岛人工鱼礁区和对照区4个季度的刺网渔获物和环境数据。基于该调查数据,应用物种多样性指数和多元分析法,研究了鱼礁区与对照区渔获物的种类组成、多样性、群落结构以及渔获物与环境因子的关系。研究表明:鱼礁区的渔获物共23种,其中鱼类17种、甲壳类5种、棘皮类1种;对照区的渔获物共14种,其中鱼类8种、甲壳类5种、棘皮类1种。鱼礁区与对照区渔获物的种类丰富度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数无显著性差异(P0.05)。聚类分析和非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)显示,鱼礁区与对照区的渔获物可分为秋季组、夏季组和冬春季组;不同季节的渔获物群落组成差异显著(R=0.867 4,P=0.001),鱼礁区与对照区的渔获物群落组成差异不显著(R=0.137,P=0.067)。典范对应分析表明,水温、pH、盐度、叶绿素a和PO4-P是影响威海小石岛人工鱼礁区群落结构的主要环境因子。综合分析认为,人工鱼礁区渔获量较高,生态稳定性较好。 相似文献
8.
天津近岸海域人工鱼礁区渔业资源增殖效果初步评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2013年7月、9月于天津海域活牡蛎礁区人工鱼礁区和对照区2个航次的渔获物调查数据,采用群落物种多样性指数分析了鱼礁区和对照区渔获物群落组成和物种多样性的时空分布特征。2航次鱼礁区和对照区渔获种类数和渔获量差异均不显著(P0.05),2航次鱼礁区的月平均CPUE都显著高于对照区(P0.05)。群落组成特征值上,7月航次多样性指数(H′)和均匀度指数(J′)显著高于对照区(P0.05)。海域动物群落的健康状况指标(Exergy值)鱼礁区显著高于对照区(P0.05)。聚类分析表明,7月和9月航次样方相似性均是鱼礁区站位和对照区站位分区明显。以上结果表明鱼礁投放后,礁区群落结构明显改善,通过鱼礁区及对照区总生产价值的估算得出鱼礁区的总生产效益是对照区的1.5倍。人工鱼礁建设取得了明显的生态效益和经济效益。 相似文献
9.
文章通过对海州湾海域人工鱼礁建设情况统计以及人工鱼礁投放位置与监测点位的变化关系,并根据水质综合污染指数评价结果,对比分析了海州湾海域近15年来人工鱼礁建设前、后水质的变化情况。结果表明:离人工礁区近的点位水质明显好于其他点位水质,可见人工鱼礁建设对海州湾海域水质改善起到极大的促进作用,不仅优化了海域生态环境,而且营造了良好的海洋生物栖息场所。建议进一步加大鱼礁建设范围,发展以人工鱼礁为主的海洋生态环境恢复建设,提高整个海州湾海域生态环境资源的合理配置,调整渔业产业结构、促进海洋产业升级优化。 相似文献
10.
山东俚岛人工鱼礁区大泷六线鱼生长、死亡及资源评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究人工鱼礁区大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)生长、死亡和资源利用,本文根据2012—2015年山东俚岛人工鱼礁区与对照区的地笼与三重刺网调查资料,运用ELEFAN I基于体长频率时间序列分析法、变换体长渔获曲线法、单位补充量等渔获量曲线法和生物学参考点等对其群体结构、生长、死亡、资源现状和资源管理进行初步研究,再运用蒙特卡洛模拟法将不确定性分析引入资源评估。研究表明鱼礁区大泷六线鱼平均体长、平均体重、渐近体长和渐进体重均大于对照区,自然死亡系数小于对照区,即鱼礁区大泷六线鱼个体较大、人工鱼礁对大泷六线鱼确有保护作用。本文首次将生物学参考点F0.1和Fmax及其不确定性分析应用于人工鱼礁区大泷六线鱼资源评估,结果表明3种不确定性水平下F0.1判断结果与无不确定性结果一致(F0.1Fcur),而Fmax随着不确定性水平的增加,可能反转无不确定性的结果(FmaxFcur),即存在误判的风险,故F0.1更适合礁区大泷六线鱼资源评估。结合Gulland理论、生物学参考点和单位补充量渔获量等判断,鱼礁区大泷六线鱼资源处于过度开发状态,应适当降低捕捞强度以保证其持续发展,对照区其资源处于合理开发状态,仍可通过提高捕捞强度来实现资源更为合理地利用。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
15.
16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献