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基于第三代海浪模式WaveWatchⅢ和Swan,采用四重网格嵌套建立了黄海、南海近海海浪的高精度数值预报系统,以及青岛第一海水浴场、广西北海银滩浴场、海南三亚亚龙湾海水浴场3个示范区近岸定点海浪的精细化数值预报系统。通过后报和预报试验对所建立的数值预报系统进行了系统的检验,后报波高与实测值吻合较好。准业务化预报试验表明有效波高的预报精度随预报时效的增加而降低,近海海浪大于2 m的平均预报相对误差小于30%。浴场海浪的平均预报绝对误差为0.35 m左右。预报精度可以满足业务化预报的要求。 相似文献
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对山东半岛及黄海中部海域１９９６年６、７月份５００ｈＰａ各要素Ｔ６３数值预报产品的统计检验与分析得出：除了第四点散度的４８ｈ预报值外,其它各点各要素的预报值和实况值呈现很好的相关性（信度９５％）,且对位势高度和温度两要素来说,预报效果极佳,预报值与实况值相差甚少,由此说明,在进行山东半岛地区５００ｈＰａ各要素（温度、相对湿度、位势高度、垂直速度、涡度）２４ｈ、４８ｈ预报时,Ｔ６３模式的结果具有很高的参考价值而第四点散度的４８ｈ预报效果相对较差。至于该模式对陆地上的预报效果好,还是海上预报效果好,将因不同要素而异,需具体分析。 相似文献
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2002年12个海水浴场海浪特征分析及预报结果分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海水浴场海浪预报是海水浴场海洋环境预报中一项十分重要的预报，它不仅影响到游泳舒适度，更重要的是它直接影响游泳者生命安全。近年来，游泳者被海浪卷入深海伤亡事故经常发生，因此海水浴场海浪预报引起有关方面的高度重视。本文利用天气图、海浪图和12个海水浴场实测海浪资料，对12个海水浴场的海浪特征进行初步分析，取得的结果将对今后海水浴场海浪预报有较大帮助。 相似文献
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目前,国内外大尺度天气预报数值模式已经取得很大成就,如在预报地面气旋系统的移动和发展等方面。然而,这些模式的铅直分辨率一般不高,通常不包括边界层的动力过程,因而,在预报海面风场上,数值天气预报模式还没有令人满意的效果。目前所用的边界层预报模式尽管具有较高的水平分辨率和垂直分辨率,但要求大量的计算和资料,很难用于日常业务预报;另一种边界层诊断模式,用到的风场数据是气象工作者从天气形势(大尺度)分析中,通过差值等方法获得的,缺乏针对性,而且精度较低(WMO,1988;WMO,1990)。
作者认为,适于海洋要素预报的风场模式应是定位于有限区域,或称中尺度模式,并根据台站的具体资料来源和工作状况力争建立一套适于海洋要素预报的中尺度风场数值模式。鉴于以上,作者建立了一个适于海洋要素预报的有限区域海面风场数值模式。模式采用符合动力及热力学条件的简化方程组对大尺度风场进行加密,通过数值模拟得到适于海洋要素预报的有限区域海面风场。并将该模式运用于渤海这一有限区域,获得了良好的效果,说明该模式对海洋要素预报具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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海水浴场环境监测预报工作进展概况 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
本文针对全国12个主要海水浴场进行海洋环境监测和预报工作,发布海水浴场海洋环境预报,得到了广大游客和游泳者普遍的关注和赞赏.并通过中央电视台、新浪网、中国海洋报等媒体发布24h或未来4d的环境预报. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献