共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 593 毫秒
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在浅水海域,采用单层保温管结构代替双重钢管保温结构具有很好的发展应用前景,但在单层管的铺设过程中管线各层之间和保温层内将产生较大的剪应力,如何防止各层间的错动和保温层材料的剪切破坏是设计所必须解决的两个主要问题。以渤海某油田海底管线建设项目为例,根据单层保温管的结构特点,力的层间传递特性和变形协调条件,建立了单层保温管各层层间剪切力和保温层中剪应力的计算方法,为海底单层保温管的设计提供了依据。 相似文献
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Modelling of flow around a near-bed pipeline with a spoiler 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Flow around a pipeline with and without a spoiler near a smooth wall is simulated by solving the Navier–Stokes equations. Finite-difference formulation with a second-order upwind scheme in a curvilinear coordinate system is employed. The influences of the spoiler on hydrodynamic forces, pressure distribution, vortex shedding frequency, velocity profile under the pipe, as well as shear stress on the wall are investigated. The attachment of a spoiler significantly increases drag, root-mean-square (RMS) lift, flow through the gap between the pipe and the wall and shear stress on the seabed around the pipe. The spoiler also generates a non-zero mean downward force on the pipeline, which may enhance the self-burial of the pipeline. 相似文献
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海底双层管单层连接管道结构受力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
粘性高的海洋石油通常需要通过海底保温管道加温输送.温度变化会引起管道变形,并在管壁内产生较大的温度应力.同时,管道正常运营期间还受到管道内压、外压、管内流体粘滞力和土体摩擦力等环境荷载的作用.复杂的环境可能导致海底管道轴向应力过大发生破坏.为了提高铺管效率,提出了双层管单层连接管道这一特殊管道形式,并从理论上分析温度变化和环境荷载对该管道的影响,计算正常运行时管道不同位置处横截面内最大Von-Mises应力.最后得到了Von-Mises应力沿管道轴线分布情况,发现内管和单层连接管的应力一般比外管大,变径管和内管的焊缝处是Von-Mises应力最大的地方. 相似文献
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卷管式铺管法在海管铺设中的应用愈发广泛,在铺设作业中管道会发生几何非线性变形,导致出现复杂的力学性能变化。针对管道在上卷、退卷过程中的屈服变化过程,通过弹塑性理论进行分析,推导出管道退卷后残余轴向应力的解析解;随后利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立模型实例,对比解析解与有限元模型,两者的计算结果基本吻合。基于上述有限元模型,研究上卷时的张力和退卷时的后张力对椭圆度、截面轴向应力和剪切应力的影响,并进行敏感性分析。模拟结果表明张力和后张力变化会影响管道截面的变形程度,退卷后截面上残余的轴向应力远高于剪切应力,并且通过敏感性分析,得到了残余椭圆度、残余应力随张力和后张力变化的规律。研究可为卷管铺设过程中张力和后张力的选择提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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在滩海油田首次进行海底注水管道的铺设、受其结构等因素的影响,其施工工艺及技术性远比海底输出管道更复杂,难度更大。本文介绍了滩海油田海底注水管道的施工工艺,并对接口内防腐技术,底拖法海管拖运技术、海上接口技术及立管吊装技术做了详细的阐述。 相似文献
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Estimating the impact forces exerted by a submarine debris flow on a pipeline is a challenge, and there is room for considerably more work to advance the state of the art. To this end, an experimental program was performed to investigate the impact on two pipeline installation scenarios: 1) suspended pipeline and 2) laid-on-seafloor pipeline. The results and observations from the experimental investigation are discussed. The definition of Reynolds number was modified for non-Newtonian fluids and an ad hoc method was developed to estimate the drag force exerted by an impact perpendicular to the pipe axis. The method may be used in prototype situations to estimate the drag force from submarine debris flow impact on pipelines. The experimental program was complemented by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analyses, the details of which are discussed in the accompanying paper. 相似文献
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The winding and unwinding of a pipeline onto a large diameter reel as practiced in the reeling installation method, induces bending strains of 1–3% followed by straightening, and reverse bending. The operator must ensure that such plastic deformations are sustained free of local buckling or rupture in the line. Such failures are for example precipitated by pipeline discontinuities in wall thickness and yield stress as they act as stress risers, lead to localized deformations severe enough to result in local buckling. The effect of such discontinuities is studied using a large-scale nonlinear finite element model that simulates the reeling/unreeling of a pipeline. Nonlinear kinematic hardening is used to capture the elasto-plastic behavior of the material imposed by the bending/reverse bending history. Discontinuities in wall thickness and yield stress are shown to result in sharp local changes in curvature that extend over 3–4 pipe diameters accompanied by severe local straining and ovalization. The extent of the disturbance is governed by the bending strain imposed by the ratio of pipe to reel diameter. It can be reduced by an increase in the applied tension but at the expense of additional ovalization of the pipeline. It can also be reduced by increasing the pipe wall thickness but with the consequent increase in costs. A parametric study of the effect of such discontinuities demonstrates that for some combinations of process parameters, the disturbance can lead to local buckling either during winding or unwinding. It is concluded that a modeling framework such as the one presented should be used to generate a design protocol for reel-installed pipelines. 相似文献
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埕岛油田海底管道安装应力计算方法的研究及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海底管道的施工质量直接关系到海底管道能否长久地安全运行。对施工期间各种环境荷载、施工荷载作用下的海底管道在力和变形进行计算,分析和监控、是确保底管道施工质量的不可缺少的重要手段。本文通过计算实例对浮拖法敷设海底管道安装计算分析的方法作了研究,并对胜利海洋石油开发公司与天津大学合作研究开发的涨底管道安装分析软件在胜利岛油田海底管道工程建设中的应用作了介绍。 相似文献
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Offshore pipelines operating under high pressure and temperature are subjected to upheaval buckling. Pipeline behaviour in upheaval buckling depends on a number of factors including the shape of pipeline imperfection, installation stresses, loading types, seabed sediment behaviour and the flexural stiffness of the pipe. Current method of predicting upheaval buckling is based on simplified shapes of pipeline imperfection developed for idealized seabed conditions. To account for the effect of internal pressure, the pressure load is represented using an equivalent temperature. However, the applicability of these idealizations on the prediction of upheaval buckling has not been well-investigated. In this paper, the three-dimensional finite element modelling technique is used to investigate the applicability of idealized shapes and their effects on the upheaval buckling of pipeline for a seabed condition at offshore Newfoundland in Canada. The finite element model is then used to conduct a parametric study to investigate the effects of installation stress, loading types, seabed parameters and the flexural stiffness of the pipe. Finally, a design chart is developed to determine the optimum height of seabed features to manage pipeline stability against upheaval buckling under different temperature and pressure loadings. 相似文献
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深水井口导管在黏土中的贯入阻力与导管土体界面的黏性摩擦系数密切相关。在导管安装过程中,管土界面会产生大位移剪切,使得导管-黏土界面剪切力产生退化。本文针对传统剪切试验装置小位移剪切的限制,无法正确描述井口导管贯入时导管-黏土界面大位移剪切时的退化机理,采用GDS多功能界面剪切试验仪在恒应力条件下进行大位移单调剪切试验,研究法向应力对导管管土界面摩擦退化机理的影响规律。试验结果表明,大位移单调剪切时,界面剪应力随剪切位移先增大后减小,最终趋于稳定,界面表现出剪应力退化现象,随着法向应力的增大界面峰值应力与残余应力均增大;土样法向位移随着剪切位移、法向应力的增加而增大最终趋于稳定。最后在对试验数据分析的基础上,基于剪应力随无量纲位移的退化规律,提出了界面剪应力随累积位移退化的计算方法。并结合算例对比分析了井口导管在贯入80 m深度处,由于界面摩擦退化效应导致导管贯入阻力降低了28.48%。 相似文献
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不埋海底管道在高温高压作用下,易发生水平向整体屈曲。实际工程中,常通过在管道路由上设置整体屈曲触发装置,实现对水平向整体屈曲的有效控制,其中以枕木法的成功应用最为多见。本文分析了枕木法的主要影响因素并验证了采用枕木法会出现管道屈曲段应力集中的现象,对比了枕木法、分布浮力法和枕木-浮力耦合法对管道整体屈曲变形规律的影响,采用数值模拟方法系统研究了枕木及浮力参数对管道水平向屈曲和后屈曲的影响规律。研究表明,在枕木两侧设置浮力段的人工触发装置可有效触发管道整体屈曲,同时促使管道虚拟锚固点间轴力的释放,降低了管道中屈曲段的应力,相较枕木法,枕木-浮力耦合法可将管道中的最大应力降低23%。 相似文献
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采用卷管法进行海底管道铺设过程中,管道首先通过牵引作用上卷于卷筒进行储存。管道与卷筒发生非线性接触,可能会产生复杂的塑性变形和局部屈曲。通过全尺寸柔性管力学性能试验获得柔性管轴力—应变以及弯曲—曲率等非线性力学性能关系,将试验所得的非线性材料性能参数导入建立的两种柔性管上卷ABAQUS有限元模型（梁—实体单元模型与壳和桁架—实体单元模型）,实现柔性管较大轴向抗拉刚度和较小抗弯刚度的同步模拟以及管道与卷筒的非线性接触响应特征。通过对比分析两种有限元模型数值模拟得到的管道弯矩、弯曲曲率、管道轴力、管道与卷筒的接触压强等数据,发现在管道上卷过程中管道沿副法线方向的SM3弯矩占据其弯曲变形主导地位;管道与卷筒之间的摩擦效应对于管道轴力的影响较为显著;管道与卷筒的最大接触压强主要发生在卷管过渡段区域。 相似文献
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The spoiler is a kind of device to disturb current and promote burying.At present,all submarine pipeline spoilers at home and abroad are parallel spoilers,that is,the plane of the spoiler is parallel to the vertical plane of the pipeline axis.According to the results of indoor experiments,when the pipeline with the forward spoiler is installed perpendicular to the direction of water flow,the spoiler will accelerate the seabed erosion and cause the pipeline to endure downward pressure,which will eventually cause the pipeline self-buried to form a protection.However,when the pipeline direction is consistent with the flow direction,the self-buried behavior and protective effect is vanished.By aiming at the defect that the forward spoiler cannot be self-buried when the direction of the pipeline and the flow are basically parallel,the spoiler burying aid device perpendicular to the pipeline axis has been innovatively developed,and the hydrodynamic changes and sediment erosion characteristics near the pipeline after the installation of the device were studied based on the experiment.Results reveal that although the perpendicular spoiler cannot generate downforce,it can greatly increase the turbulent kinetic energy of the flow and the rate of sediment erosion.The larger the angle between the pipeline axis and the spoiler plane is,the larger the increase in turbulent energy will be.The increase in turbulent energy near the bed surface can reach up about 70%when the angle is 90°,while serious sediment erosion mainly occurs along both sides of the pipeline with a distance of about 2?4 times the pipe diameter.In the future,we can further explore the influence of the perpendicular spoiler size and installation position on the pipeline downforce and the effect of burying promotion.At the same time,field tests on the perpendicular spoiler burying aid device currently developed will conduct to observe the actual effect of perpendicular spoiler promoting pipeline scouring and burying,and improve submarine pipeline safety protection technology. 相似文献
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海上风机中，上部支撑结构和基础之间的连接是通过灌浆连接段实现的。近年来，风力发电发展迅速，风力发电机的功率越来越大，对单桩基础灌浆连接段的受力性能提出了更高的要求。在复杂荷载作用下，灌浆连接段受到轴力和弯矩的共同作用，有必要对压-弯共同作用下的灌浆连接段进行受力性能的研究。采用数值分析方法，分析了压-弯作用下不同轴压比时灌浆连接段的极限承载力、钢管与灌浆料之间的接触压力情况和灌浆连接段的应力情况。同时，根据学者Lotsberg提出的弯曲承载力组成理论，通过提取钢管与灌浆料之间的接触力，并对它们进行数值积分，分析了不同轴压比下灌浆连接段抗弯承载力组分的变化规律。通过分析，明晰了带剪力键的灌浆连接段的受力性能，为设计工作提供依据。 相似文献
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Submarine debris flow impact on suspended (free-span) pipelines: Normal and longitudinal drag forces
Arash Zakeri 《Ocean Engineering》2009,36(6-7):489-499
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was employed to numerically simulate impact of clay-rich submarine debris flows on a suspended (free-span) pipeline at various angles of attack. The resultant horizontal drag force can be decomposed into two components: normal and parallel to the pipe axis. A method is presented for estimating the normal and longitudinal drag forces on a suspended pipeline and is applicable to a wide of impact situations. The work presented here complements the results of an earlier investigation into the drag forces on suspended and laid-on-seafloor pipelines. The previous investigation consisted of both physical laboratory experiments and CFD numerical analyses, for an impact situation normal to the pipe axis. The impact Reynolds numbers presented in this paper range between about 2 and 320. This range is considered appropriate for practical design purposes. 相似文献
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Experimental investigations are carried out on wave-induced pressures and uplift forces on a submarine pipeline (exposed, half buried and fully buried) in clayey soil of different consistency index both in regular and random waves. A study on scour under the pipeline resting on the clay bed is also carried out. It is found that the uplift force can be reduced by about 70%, if the pipeline is just buried in clay soil. The equilibrium scour depth below the pipeline is estimated as 42% of the pipe diameter for consistency index of 0.17 and is 34% of the pipe diameter for consistency index of 0.23. The results of the present investigations are compared with the results on sandy soil by Cheng and Liu (Appl. Ocean Res., 8(1986) 22) to acknowledge the benefit of cohesive soil in reducing the high pore pressure on buried pipeline compared to cohesionless soil. 相似文献
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海底滑坡作为常见的海洋地质灾害,对海洋油气工程安全产生巨大威胁。海床土体失稳引起滑坡体滑动,会对海底管道产生拖曳作用。基于计算流体动力学方法(CFD)建立海底滑坡体对管道作用的评估模型,采用H-B模型描述块状滑坡体并与试验比较验证,分析不同海床倾斜度滑坡对管道的作用并拟合表达式;研究了海底管道在滑坡作用下的力学响应,并采用极限状态方法开展海底滑坡作用下管道结构极限安全分析,探讨了管道埋地状态时的极限安全界限,建立滑坡作用下管道结构安全分析方法。研究表明:滑坡对管道作用力与海床倾角呈现正相关,而覆土层厚度对作用力影响较小;随着不排水抗剪强度的减小,允许的滑坡宽度和速度均增加,表明土体不排水抗剪强度与引起的拖曳力呈正相关;滑坡土体宽度对极限安全速度影响较大。 相似文献
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近壁圆柱绕流问题在海底悬跨管道的研究中具有重要的意义。在绕流阻力、升力以及海底土壤的耦合作用下,海底管道所发生的移位、悬跨等现象对于海底管道的安全运行构成了很大的威胁。正确预测各种绕流条件下管流之间的作用力是保证油气管道安全的首要任务。海底管道在极端海洋环境条件下的管、流相互作用为高雷诺数绕流问题,处于高雷诺数下的绕流模拟比处于低雷诺数下的绕流模拟要复杂很多,它需要更精细的网格以及合适的湍流模型。此文对处于悬跨状态下的海底管道进行数值研究,给出不同间隙比下海流绕流海底管道的流场结构形态,分析了间隙比对绕流阻力和绕流升力的影响,为进一步研究海底悬跨管道的受力和变形提供载荷边界数据。 相似文献