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作者在 1 999年夏季的航次中 ,获得了南黄海表层海水 p CO2 的实测数据。本文结合水文、化学和生物等要素的同步观测资料 ,对影响 p CO2 分布和变化的某些重要现象进行了初步探讨。研究表明南黄海表层海水 p CO2 的分布存在较大的不均匀性 ,这是边缘海区海水中生物、物理和化学因素复合作用的结果。除长江口门外的 p CO2 高值区外 ,南黄海表层海水的 p CO2 值与叶绿素、水温大体呈负相关 ,而与海水的盐度基本上呈正相关。 相似文献
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大亚湾微表层和次表层海水营养盐的研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据1998年秋季（10、11月）、1999年春、秋季（4、5、10月）5个航次对大亚湾海区微、次表层的调查结果，分析了微表层海水对氮、磷、硅营养盐的富集概况，讨论了营养盐与环境因子的关系。结果表明：大亚湾海区微表层海水对氮、磷、硅营养盐均有富集作用，因海况及季节不同，富集因数（EF）与其他海区的有所差别；无论夏季或秋季，大亚湾海区微表层海水中无机氮都以NH4－N为主要存在形态；其余水层则以NO3－N为主要存在形态。结果还表明，微表层、次表层海水中NH4－N与BOD5、COD测值都呈高度显著正相关，与PO4－P和SiO3-Si含量均无相关，说明大亚湾海区水中含氮有机物较含磷有机物丰富。 相似文献
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黄河口附近海域营养盐特征及富营养化程度评价 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
根据 2005 年 5 月、8 月 2 个航次对黄河口附近海域 33 个站点(38 °02′00 ″ ～ 37 °20′00 ″N, 119 °03′24 ″ ～ 119 °31′00 ″E)的海水化学调查资料,研究了该海域的活性硅酸盐(SiO3-Si)、活性磷酸盐(PO4-P)和无机氮(DIN)等营养要素的特征及富营养化水平.结果表明,营养盐的高浓度区域分布在黄河口南部海域,8 月 SiO3-Si 和 PO4-P 的浓度高于5月,而 DIN 的浓度则相反.表层海水 SiO3-Si 和 DIN 的浓度与表层海水盐度都呈显著负相关性(P<0.01),DIN 与 COD 呈显著正相关性(P<0.01).黄河口附近海域DIN:P值5月为136,8月为 54.3,为磷限制性营养状态.黄河口附近海域富营养化指数(EI)的平均值大于1,黄河口南部海域富营养化现象严重,COD 和 DIN 是造成海域富营养化的主要因子. 相似文献
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基于2017年4月、5月、6月和8—9月在南黄海西部海域4个航次的现场调查，分析了春至夏季逐月的营养盐分布特征及其影响因素，初步探讨了营养盐与浒苔绿潮暴发的关系。结果表明：春至夏季苏北近岸浅水区总体呈现出高温、低盐、高营养盐的特征，且各理化要素垂向差异不明显；同时该海域表层水体中的营养盐含量自4月至5月有所下降，而后开始上升，至8—9月达到最大浓度。受长江冲淡水的影响，调查海域西南部表层存在向东北方扩展的低盐、高营养盐水体，在夏季与苏北海域向外扩展的营养盐高值区连成一体。在调查海域的中部至东北部深水区，入春后表层海水不断升温，至夏季于底层形成显著的黄海冷水团，并在其周围呈现出锋面特征；受初级生产过程和温跃层的影响，入春后该海域的上层营养盐浓度总体呈现出下降的趋势并在夏季维持了较低的水平，而底层营养盐浓度从春季至夏季有所升高且影响范围不断向西南方向扩展，至8—9月达到最大范围。苏北近岸海域丰富的营养盐为入春后大型藻类的生长和暴发提供了重要的物质基础，而且5月南黄海西部相关海域表层营养盐浓度降低与浒苔、马尾藻等大型漂浮藻类暴发对营养盐的吸收利用有关。 相似文献
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蔡雷鸣 《海洋通报(英文版)》2010,12(1):48-58
本文于2003年1月到2005年12月对罗源湾海区表层海水中的粪大肠菌群数量和分布进行了调查监测。监测结果表明：罗源湾表层海水中粪大肠菌群的数量在〈2～540个／100mL之间，3年中月平均高值出现在8到10月份，低值出现在1到4月份，且年平均值呈逐年递增。原因分析发现，影响湾内海水中FCB的月平均值数量变化的最主要因素是降水量。另外通过多点采样结果比较，发现罗源湾表层海水中FCB的空间分布呈现为：湾内腹海区〉湾中间海区〉湾口海区。通过国家海水水质标准（GB3097-1997）对本次的调查监测结果进行评价，从2003年到2005年罗源湾海区海水中粪大肠菌群的达标率分别为100％，98．0％和97．9％，表明罗源湾海区表层海水的FCB污染相对较轻。 相似文献
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黄海、东海颗粒有机碳的分布特征及其影响因子分析 总被引：16，自引：4，他引：16
分析研究了2001年春季黄海、东海颗粒有机碳(POC),结果表明POC的浓度为2~3815μg/dm3,其平面分布呈现近岸高、远岸低的特点.海水表层POC浓度与三磷酸腺苷(ATP)呈显著的正相关,这表明2001年真光层POC主要是海洋生物源.对不同海区POC垂直分布的影响因素做了探讨:长江口附近受总悬浮颗粒物浓度的影响,POC呈现表层低、底层高的特征;陆架区POC的垂直分布是生物活动与水文条件(海水混合、层化)等因素共同作用的结果;在离岸较远的深水区,影响POC垂直分布的主要因素是大洋海水的性质.由海区4个周日连续站的观测结果得知黄海区POC的周日变化主要受生物周日活动的影响,而在东海区POC周日变化除了受生物周日活动影响外,还分别受到潮汐作用以及海水水团周日变化等因素的影响. 相似文献
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厦门西港海域硅酸盐浓度的变化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对１９８７年厦门西港赤潮调查表层海水硅酸盐等资料的研究表明，该海区表层海水中硅酸盐浓度的分布一般呈由湾口朝湾内降低的趋势，这在浮游植物繁盛的春季更为明显，硅酸盐浓度的日较差值春季明显高于冬季的。受浮游植物活动和咸淡水消长的综合影响，硅酸盐浓度呈明显的季节变化，介于１３．９－７２．４μｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３之间，春季为低值期，冬季为高值期，春夏季大，小潮时硅酸盐浓度呈显著变化，一般为小潮时的高于大潮时，文 相似文献
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北半球夏季中高纬海洋声散射层分布研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用第八次北极调查走航ADCP后向散射强度数据，结合太阳高度、海冰密集度和实测水体环境参数数据，统计分析了中高纬海洋声散射层的时空变化特征。结果表明，纬度越高，声散射层在海表滞留时间越短，即使在极昼期间及全海冰覆盖海域，虽然其迁移幅度和后向散射强度减弱，但仍受太阳高度变化影响，且二者具有较强的时序相关性；在北极中央海域，不仅声散射层迁移活动较弱，且出现无明显散射层的情况，可能是因为该海域浮游动物和鱼类聚集度相对较低且迁移活动微弱，超出了本文所用ADCP的探测精度范围；从鄂霍次克海至白令海西南海域，往返ADCP数据均显示有两个后向散射强度上高下低，但垂直迁移时间同步的声散射层，且二者间距随纬度增加而逐渐减小并合为一体，这可能是由不同生活习性的海洋生物造成的。 相似文献
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上混合中剪切湍流和朗缪尔环流动力特征差异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LI Guojing WANG Dongxiao CHEN Ju YAO Jinglong ZENG Lili SHU Yeqiang SUI Dandan 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(5):1-11
Large eddy simulation(LES) is used to investigate contrasting dynamic characteristics of shear turbulence(ST)and Langmuir circulation(LC) in the surface mixed layer(SML). ST is usually induced by wind forcing in SML. LC can be driven by wave-current interaction that includes the roles of wind, wave and vortex forcing. The LES results show that LC suppresses the horizontal velocity and greatly modifies the downwind velocity profile, but increases the vertical velocity. The strong downwelling jets of LC accelerate and increase the downward transport of energy as compared to ST. The vertical eddy viscosity Km of LC is much larger than that of ST. Strong mixing induced by LC has two locations. They are located in the 2ds–3ds(Stokes depth scale) and the lower layer of the SML,respectively. Its value and position change periodically with time. In contrast, maximum Km induced by ST is located in the middle depth of the SML. The turbulent kinetic energy(TKE) generated by LC is larger than that by ST. The differences in vertical distributions of TKE and Km are evident. Therefore, the parameterization of LC cannot be solely based on TKE. For deep SML, the convection of large-scale eddies in LC plays a main role in downward transport of energy and LC can induce stronger velocity shear(S2) near the SML base. In addition, the large-scale eddies and S2 induced by LC is changing all the time, which needs to be fully considered in the parameterization of LC. 相似文献
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渤海海峡冬季表层海水中溶解无机碳分布特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2010 年2 月—2010 年3 月的调查数据, 探讨了冬季渤海海峡及其附近表层海水中溶解无机碳体系的分布特征。结果表明: 表层水体中TA、DIC 和HCO3- 的浓度分布总体上呈现出海峡西南部高东北部低的分布趋势。西南部出现的高值区, 与该区域靠近莱州湾, 受莱州湾水体污染影响有关。调查海域TA 与表层水的温度相关性明显, pH 与叶绿素的相关性较高。水温和Chl-a 浓度是影响水体中无机碳体系分布变化的重要因素。其中, 水温对HCO3- 的影响要明显强于DIC。海峡南北两侧水体交换的差异, 是导致海峡南部东西两端无机碳体系各参数监测数值的差异明显大于海峡北部的主要原因。 相似文献
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On the basis of data collected in the Jiaozhou Bay in June and July 2003, the DIC distribution in seawater is studied,and an average air-sea flux of CO2 is estimated. The results show that the content of DIC inside the bay is markedly higher than outside the bay in June, but the contem of DIC outside the bay is markedly higher than inside the bay in July. The trend of DIC distribution inside the bay is similar, viz. the content is the maximum in the northeast, then decreases gradually toward the west, and the content is the minimum in the west. The total trend of vertical distribution is to increase gradually from surface to bottom. This characteristic of DIC distribution is determined by Jiaozhou Bay hydrology and there is a close relation between DIC and particulate N.P. Average CO2 flux across the air-sea interface is 0.55 mol/(m^2.a) in June and 0.72 mol/(m^2.a) in July. Jiaozhou Bay is considered as a net annual source for atmospheric CO2 in June and July, and the total CO2 flux from seawater into atmosphere is about 740 t in June and 969 t in July. 相似文献
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On the basis of data collected in the Jiaozhou Bay in June and July 2003, the DIC distribution in seawater is studied,and an average air-sea flux of CO2 is estimated. The results show that the content of DIC inside the bay is markedly higher than outside the bay in June, but the content of DIC outside the bay is markedly higher than inside the bay in July. The trend of DIC distribution inside the bay is similar, viz. the content is the maximum in the northeast, then decreases gradually toward the west, and the content is the minimum in the west. The total trend of vertical distribution is to increase gradually from surface to bottom. This characteristic of DIC distribution is determined by Jiaozhou Bay hydrology and there is a close relation between DIC and particulate N,P. Average CO2 flux across the source for atmospheric CO2 in June and July, and the total CO2 flux from seawater into atmosphere is about 740 t in June and 969 t in July. 相似文献
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杭州湾作为典型的高浑浊度海湾,对其水体碳酸盐体系分布特征的研究相对较少。本文基于两个夏季航次(2018年和2019年)获取的调查资料,阐述夏季杭州湾水体中碳酸盐体系参数的空间分布特征,并进一步分析影响溶解无机碳偏离保守混合作用的主要过程及相对贡献。数据结果表明,杭州湾内表层溶解无机碳浓度与总碱度的变化范围分别为1 553～1 964 μmol/kg和1 577～2 101 μmol/kg,略低于长江口(1 407～2 110 μmol/kg和1 752～2 274 μmol/kg),溶解无机碳浓度和总碱度的空间分布受控于淡水与外海水混合的影响,在潮汐作用下,总体呈现出湾内低,向湾外逐渐升高的趋势。影响表层溶解无机碳非保守混合分布的主要过程中,海?气交换降低溶解无机碳浓度,呼吸作用增加溶解无机碳浓度,两个过程对溶解无机碳浓度变化量的贡献分别为(?42.3±11.7)%与(34.2±14.3)%,净效应呈现为相对平衡的状态。通过计算获得表层海水pCO2的平均值为799 μatm (675～932 μatm),海湾总体表现为大气CO2的源。此外,湾内海水碳酸盐缓冲因子的范围为12.8～23.8,对CO2的缓冲能力弱于邻近东海海水(缓冲因子平均值约为11.9),指示其与外部水体的交换可能会降低附近海域的酸化缓冲能力。相对其他河口/海湾而言,杭州湾内高浊度与强潮汐的特点使其湾内水体的碳酸盐体系分布特征具有区域特殊性。 相似文献
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Using the hydroacoustic method with a 200 kHz scientific echo sounding system,the diel vertical migration(DVM) of the sound-scattering layer(SSL) in the Yellow Sea Bottom Cold Water(YSBCW) of the southeastern Yellow Sea was studied in April(spring) and August(summer) of 2010 and 2011.For each survey,13–27 hours of acoustic data were continuously collected at a stationary station.The acoustic volume scattering strength(Sv) data were analyzed with temperature profile data.In the spring of both 2010 and 2011,the SSL clearly showed the vertical migration throughout the entire water column,moving from the surface layer at night to near the bottom during the day.Conductivity,temperature,and depth data indicated that the entire water column was well mixed with low temperature of about 8 C.However,the SSL showed different patterns in the summers of 2010 and 2011.In the summer of 2010(28 C at the surface),the SSL migrated to near the bottom during the day,but there were two SSLs above and below the thermocline at depth of 10–30 m at night.In the summer of 2011(20 C at the surface),the SSL extended throughout the entire water column at night,possibly owing to an abrupt change in sea weather conditions caused by the passage of a Typhoon Muifa over the study area.It was concluded that the DVM patterns in summer in the YSBCW area may be greatly influenced by a strengthened or weakened thermocline. 相似文献
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Jidapa Koomklang Hitomi Yamaguchi Kazuhiko Ichimi Kuninao Tada 《Journal of Oceanography》2018,74(1):13-21
A superficial sediment layer (SL) is the top 2–3 mm layer of surface sediment that may contribute to high upward nutrient flux. To study the characteristics and the biogeochemical processes in the superficial layer, the seasonal variation in the total phytopigments (chlorophyll a and pheo-pigments), total organic carbon (TOC), and total nitrogen (TN) of the surface sediments in a shallow coastal area, Shido Bay, were measured, and the influence of the superficial sediment layer on nutrient flux at the sediment–water interface was investigated. TOC and TN content were relatively constant for the SL and subsurface layers (0–1 and 1–2 cm) during the study period. In contrast, total phytopigments content was higher in the SL layer than in the subsurface layers. The results of upward nutrient flux experiments showed higher nutrient release within the whole sediment core (SL remaining) than the SL-less (SL removed) core. Moreover, high nutrient fluxes were observed during the high temperature season, indicating that seasonal variation in nutrient flux was regulated by temperature. Moreover, in the low temperature season, the SL seemed to absorb nutrients, probably because of microphytobenthos photosynthesis that took up the nutrients under the sufficient light penetration to the sea floor. 相似文献
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The subsurface water beneath the summer mixed layer is important to air–sea carbon flux, while its geochemical properties are not frequently observed. A data assimilation method is applied to determine the geochemical fields in the subsurface (i.e., 100 m) from the data collected at the surface in the North Pacific. This method, in the family of the inverse methods, is constructed on a one-dimensional bulk mixed layer model. In addition to temperature and salinity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity are also considered as model variables, whereas biological productivity is omitted. The geochemical properties increase from the fall to the winter, which is the period simulated by the model, as the mixed layer develops and entrains subsurface water rich in DIC and alkalinity. Consequently, the geochemical fields in the mixed layer must have extremely sharp north–south gradients in the western region of the North Pacific and can be reproduced only by enhancing the north–south gradients in the subsurface. The fields reconstructed by the data assimilation provide useful information about the biogeochemical cycles. It is suggested that the large difference in DIC between the surface and the subsurface in the northwestern region is produced by transporting DIC from the mixed layer to the subsurface in the summer, implying extremely high biological productivity. Furthermore, it is suggested that high DIC in the ambient water is maintained by the upwelling of lower layer water. 相似文献
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透明胞外聚合颗粒物碳输运新途径 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
目前大家普遍认为，透明胞外聚合颗粒物(Transparent Exopolymer Particles，TEP)因其独特的凝聚效应导致碳通量向海底输出。但是，近几年的研究表明TEP不仅影响了碳沉降途径，其本身能够悬浮甚至向海水表层迁移，导致其在海洋微表层(Surface Micro-layer, SML)积累，最终显著影响海洋表层碳通量。TEP和其他颗粒物聚集形成凝聚物后，其运动趋势则由凝聚物中TEP的含量占比，即最终颗粒物密度所决定。一个新的值得注意的现象是，密度低的TEP通过与其他微粒聚合形成表面活性物质(Surface-active Substances, SAS)，会在海洋–大气界面形成薄膜，显著影响海–气CO2交换通量，甚至对全球气候变化造成影响。 相似文献