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1.
代表旱雨季的４航次九龙江口硒的调研中，发现总溶解无机硒和Ｓｅ（Ⅳ）皆呈保守行为；溶解有机硒和颗粒氧化物硒则无甚规律可循。沉积物中机硒与有机磷含量良好正相关关系。由沉积相向上覆水体提供的溶解无硒和有机硒的通量，分别为１７０和２００ｎｍｏｌ／（ｍ＾２．月）。 相似文献
2.
不同磷源对藻类生长及其生化组成的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
在实验室培养条件下，对ＫＨ２ＰＯ４及多种溶解有机磷化合物对藻灶进行了一次性培养，考察要对ＤＯＰ的利用和不同磷源对藻类生物及其生化组成的影响。结果表明；甘油磷酸钠，６－磷酸葡萄糖，蛋黄卵磷脂和酵母核糖核酸均可被藻类吸收利用，并且培养藻类都生长良好；碱性磷酸酶在大分子ＤＯＰ利用过程中起重要作用。 相似文献
3.
一、前言 硒是人体不可缺少的微量元素之一。研究表明,硒在人体内的代谢途径:一为直接掺入与蛋白质结合,二为先还原,继而甲基化,产生二甲硒离子和三甲硒离子。人和生物体内维持一定浓度的硒,对降低体内重金属的毒性,防止或减少某些疾病的发生是很必要的。人体若缺硒,会引起克山病、心肌病、大骨节病等并可导致癌症的发生。但如果过量摄取硒, 相似文献
4.
大亚湾澳头增养殖区赤潮与环境的关系研究II.环境因子与微量元素主导型赤潮的关系研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据1998年4月至6月和1999年3月至6月对大亚湾澳头海域增养殖区的水环境监测，采用误差反向传播人工神经网络模型，研究各环境因子对细弱海链藻Thalassiosira subtilis与远距角毛藻Chaetoceros distans生长的影响。结果表明，硒、铁分别对细弱海链藻水华、远距角毛藻水华的发生起重要作用。采用单纯形法建立了藻类生物量与主要影响因子的多无非线Cobb-Douglass方程，对2种藻类水发生状态的模拟结果准确分别为77.8%和100%。 相似文献
5.
浮游藻类对溶解态氮的吸收同化是湖泊氮生物循环和水体富营养化发生机制探讨的关键环节。本文通过~(15)N稳定同位素添加实验以铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、海链藻(Thalassiosira sp.)、卡德藻(Tetraselmis sp.)、剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)以及盐水隐藻(Rhodomonas salina)为研究对象,从浮游藻类氮素吸收时间、营养盐基质以及藻种差异三个方面研究五种藻类对铵氮(NH_4~+-N)、硝氮(NO_3~--N)、尿素氮(Urea-N)三种形态氮的吸收特征。研究发现:(1)浮游藻类对三种形态氮的吸收均在1h时吸收速率最高,其氮素吸收过程为快速吸收。(2)浮游藻类优先吸收还原态氮,其中NH_4~+-N吸收速率最高,当培养周期为1d和4d时浮游藻类对NH_4~+-N吸收速率的均值分别为4.05和4.15μmol/(L·h);浮游藻类对Urea-N吸收相对偏好系数为25.18—713.42,表现出对小分子溶解态有机氮的特定偏好性。(3)不同藻种对氮素吸收具有不同特征,其中,剧毒卡尔藻对三种形态氮的吸收速率均为最高,而铜绿微囊藻的吸收速率均为最低;不同藻种不同培养时间氮素吸收速率差异与浮游藻类生长周期等特性有关。不同浮游藻类对不同形态氮素表现出吸收特异性,对水体氮负荷和浮游藻类水华优势种形成将产生重要影响。 相似文献
6.
为了研究近岸海带养殖活动对水体光学特性的影响,本文选取山东半岛黑泥湾海域为典型研究区,利用2021年4月和8月在该区的9站同步观测数据,分析其总悬浮颗粒物、藻类颗粒物、非藻类颗粒物以及有色溶解有机物的吸收特性,并计算各组分对总吸收系数的贡献率,同时采用Quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA)算法借助MODIS影像反演了水体总吸收系数,结合实测数据获得了黑泥湾水体吸收特性的季节变化情况。结果表明,有海带养殖季节表层水体藻类颗粒物、非藻类颗粒物、总颗粒物和有色溶解有机物的吸收系数明显大于无海带养殖季节,且春季海带养殖区水体的总吸收系数大于无海带养殖区;海底表层沉积物的再悬浮造成底层吸收系数较大,而在春季成熟期的海带汇聚较大量的有机物质导致中层藻类颗粒物吸收系数相对较高;参考波长向红波移动,QAA_v5算法能够较好地估算该区表层水体吸收系数,且在海带养殖季节水体组分会影响到更长的波段特征。本研究可为深入了解海带养殖对水体各组分浓度和分布、碳循环以及水生生态系统的结构和功能的影响提供参照,并有助于提高近岸水体组分的遥感反演精度。 相似文献
7.
氢化物-原子荧光法测定海水痕量硒及其形态 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用氢化物原子荧光法（ＨＧＡＦＳ） 测定海水痕量硒,并利用ＫＢＨ４ 对Ｓｅ（ Ⅳ） 和Ｓｅ（ Ⅵ） 的还原能力不同,以６ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３ＨＣｌ 将海水中Ｓｅ（ Ⅵ） 还原为Ｓｅ（ Ⅳ） 再经氢化反应而测定其形态浓度。以正交设计法对ＨＧＡＦＳ法测定硒的实验条件进行优化选择。在佳化条件下本方法测定溶解态硒的检出限为０ ．０７２μｇ／ｄｍ３ ,对１ ．００μｇ／ｄｍ３Ｓｅ 浓度的样品变异系数为±２．３ ％ 。标准曲线表明,在０～２５μｇ／ｄｍ３Ｓｅ 浓度范围内有理想的线性关系。该方法可直接测定海水中的溶解态总硒、Ｓｅ（ Ⅳ） 及Ｓｅ（ Ⅵ） ,回收率为９９ ±２ ％ 。 相似文献
8.
几种典型藻种吸收光谱特性的比较 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以小球藻、扁藻、裸甲藻和它们的混合物为研究对象,通过实验室培养连续观测其吸收光谱,对不同生长期藻类的吸收光谱进行了比较,分析了不同藻类675 nm处吸收系数与Chla浓度的关系,并分析了不同藻类的比吸收光谱。由于色素组成及其比例的不同、色素的包囊效应以及附属色素对吸收的贡献,不同藻种的比吸收光谱有所差异。研究表明,在Chla浓度范围为(27.69～2 856.47)mg.m-3时,比吸收系数在特征波段下的吸收值在440nm为(0.016 9～0.087 9)m2·mg-1,在675 nm为(0.011 2～0.054 9)m2·mg-1。 相似文献
9.
珠江口硒的形态分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
硒属于硫族元素,在化学和生物化学性质上,硒与硫、碲相似.它和砷一样也是一种类金属物质.硒广泛存在于自然界中,岩石、土壤、沉积物、水体、生物体以及大气环境都含有不同程度的硒.硒是生物必需的一种微量元素,一方面表现出重要的生物功能,另一方面在较高浓度下也表现出毒性,摄入过多可导致动物和人硒中毒[1].在陆源硒向海洋的输送中河流占重要贡献,河流可能是溶解硒输入海洋的主要来源[2,3].河口区是陆地径流与海水相互混合的地带,其中发生的反应直接影响元素的入海通量,因此研究河口化学元素的行为对估计河流向海洋的输入及建立全球生物地球化学循环模型有十分重要的意义. 相似文献
10.
营养盐水平对四种海洋浮游硅藻胞外多糖产量的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
4种海洋浮游硅藻(牟勒氏角毛藻、海链藻、三角褐指藻和新月菱形藻)培养在改进的f／2培养基中，研究了不同氮、磷和硅营养水平对它们胞外多糖产量的影响．结果表明，硅藻胞外多糖的生产和释放具有种间特异性，角毛藻和海链藻胞外多糖的生产和释放主要在静止期，而三角褐指藻和新月菱形藻在指数生长期前期和静止期都能生产和分泌较高的胞外多糖；培养液中低浓度磷减少了4种硅藻在静止期胞外多糖的产量，但增加了角毛藻在生长期前期胞外多糖的产量；氮浓度的降低增加了三角褐指藻在指数生长前期胞外多糖的产量，但减少了其他3种藻类胞外多糖的产量；硅浓度的降低对4种硅藻胞外多糖的产量影响不大，在一定程度上还促进了静止期胞外多糖的生产．本研究表明，营养盐水平对硅藻胞外多糖生产的影响因种类和细胞所处生长期不同而存在着很大的差异． 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
15.
16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献