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柴达木盆地原油碳同位素组成的主控因素与成因类型 总被引：9，自引：5，他引：9
对采集于柴达木盆地16个油田的40个原油进行了碳同位素测定,研究了它们碳同位素组成特征、主控因素及其成因类型。结果表明,柴达木盆地西部地区和北部地区原油碳同位素组成具有显著的差别,西部地区原油富集13C,北部地区原油富集12C。研究发现,成油环境(如盐度和湿度)是决定西部盐湖相原油碳同位素组成及其变化的主要因素,母源性质则控制了北部淡水湖沼相原油的碳同位素组成和变化。根据原油的碳同位素组成和Ph/nC18比值特征,将柴达木盆地原油划分为五种成因类型。 相似文献
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油气运移一直是石油地质学中的重要理论问题, 也是该领域中的难题.以济阳拗陷东北部沾化凹陷中的几个油田为例, 根据原油及烃源岩有机地化分析结果, 特别是生物标志物的组成, 划分原油类型, 进行油源对比, 以探讨断陷盆地中油气多次运移和成藏的特征.研究证明: 沾化凹陷中渤南油田的形成与三次油气运移和成藏过程有关; 位于边缘断裂带的垦西油田是油气交替通过输导层作侧向运移和通过断层作纵向运移聚集的结果; 孤岛类型的古潜山油田的形成主要与油气从老第三纪油藏向上进行第三次运移有关.在断陷盆地内部以侧向运移和充注为主多形成单源油藏, 在断裂带以垂向充注为主常形成混源油藏.油气的多次运移与盆地中断裂活动的长期性和多期性有关. 相似文献
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柴达木盆地原油成因研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
柴达木盆地是我国西北地区大型含油气盆地之一.经过50年的油气勘探,已在该盆地发现18 个油田,它们主要分布柴西地区,对其成因一直是人们关注的问题.通过对这些油田原油的物理化学性质、油源对比和成因机制综合研究表明,柴西地区和柴北地区是两个不同的成油单元,它们原油的形成环境、母质类型、成熟度和油源都是截然不同的.并且认为,虽然柴达木盆地第三系生油岩有机碳含量较低,但是其形成于强还原和咸水环境,有利于生物脂类的保存,生物脂类与可溶有机质和干酪根一起在低成熟阶段可以生成大量石油,是柴西地区未熟低熟原油形成的主要途径. 相似文献
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柴达木盆地是我国西北地区大型含油气盆地之一。经过50年的油气勘探，已在该盆地发现18个油田，它们主要分布柴西地区，对其成因一直是人们关注的问题。通过对这些油田原油的物理化学性质、油源对比和成因机制综合研究表明，柴西地区和柴北地区是两个不同的成油单元，它们原油的形成环境、母质类型、成熟度和油源都是截然不同的。并且认为，虽然柴达木盆地第三系生油岩有机碳含量较低，但是其形成于强还原和咸水环境，有利于生物脂类的保存，生物脂类与可溶有机质和干酪根一起在低成熟阶段可以生成大量石油，是柴西地区未熟低熟原油形成的主要途径。 相似文献
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通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田原油进行系统地采样和高分辨率的GC-MS分析,研究了原油的芳烃组成特征,进行了油源对比,探讨了原油成因。结果表明:所分析原油属于同一成因类型;烷基萘和含硫芳烃的分布特征与有机质类型和沉积环境密切相关;西峰油田原油形成于弱还原环境,为菌藻类和高等植物母质来源,特别是高等植物为原油的形成做出了重要贡献,成熟度较高。原油地球化学特征和上三叠统延长组长7油层组烃源岩相似,反映了原油主要来源于长7油层组。这些研究结果为盆地石油的进一步勘探提供了一定科学依据。 相似文献
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MM油田位于南美洲哥伦比亚境内亚诺斯前陆盆地东部斜坡带,远离西部烃源灶,以微幅度、小规模岩性-构造油藏为主。本文通过研究亚诺斯盆地构造演化史并充分结合研究区地质、测井、地震等资料,总结出MM油田具有"远源复合输导,断层遮挡式成藏"的油气成藏规律,油气远源输导控制油藏丰度,构造位置控制油气聚集,断层侧向封闭控制油藏分布,圈闭大小及储层物性条件直接影响油藏规模。在研究区,卡沃内拉组C7段储层为油气侧向运移主要载体,断层为油气垂向运移主要通道,断层断距与盖层厚度之间的匹配关系及圈闭条件共同控制MM油田成藏模式,形成了断鼻、岩性-断层及断层-岩性等3种油藏类型。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区走滑断裂发育,形成极具特色的断缝体式致密油藏,油藏中发现成因不明的稠油.为厘清研究区原油稠变的成因和分布关系,进一步认识走滑断裂带内断缝体式油藏的控藏机制.对研究区原油开展了气相色谱质谱检测,对其地球化学特征进行了详细的研究,进而开展了稠油与正常原油的地化特征对比,结合测井资料统计了研究区裂缝密度,分析了原油的稠变因素及其与走滑断裂带之间的联系.结果表明,泾河油田长6-长8段原油主要来自同一套烃源岩,其特征是沉积于还原性较强的淡水湖盆,有机质来源为藻类和高等植物混源输入;泾河油田的稠油与正常原油在母岩的沉积环境、有机质来源和成熟度上没有明显差别,但生物降解程度上存在明显差异,属于3～4级生物降解;泾河油田稠油主要分布在小型裂缝极为发育的走滑断裂叠接带.走滑断裂对原油的调整和保存具有明显的控制作用,泾河油田稠油的形成与走滑断裂的发育有着密切关系,即与相关裂缝内发生的轻烃组分散失和生物降解有关. 相似文献
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利用非烃技术探讨尕斯库勒油田E3^1油藏的充注模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对尕斯库勒E3^1油藏原油中性含氮非烃化合物的分析，确认吡咯类化合物的油气运移效应显著。研究表明，E3^1油藏的主要油气注入点在背斜油藏的东北端，西侧翼为其次要的油气注入点。推测尕斯库勒背斜油藏东北方向的茫崖凹陷为其主要的油源区，尕斯断陷仅提供少部分油气。E3^1油藏的形成机制有其特定的地质条件，侧上式和断接式为其主要的成藏模式。 相似文献
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马岭油田是鄂尔多斯盆地发现最早的油田之一,也是大陆河流相油气藏的典型代表,可是以往对马岭油田原油及其烃源岩地球化学研究很少,原油的成因更多的依靠于地质推测。本文对采集于马岭油田的21个原油和鄂尔多斯盆地14个烃源岩的烃类生物标志化合物进行了系统的分析,研究了它们的地球化学特征。生物标志化合物的分布和组成特征,指示了原油形成于弱还原环境淡水湖相;原油的母质除了菌藻类外陆源高等植物作出了重要贡献;原油均为成熟原油;油源对比表明,马岭油田原油的源岩为延长组烃源岩,特别是长7油层组烃源岩。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地马岭油田延9油层组油气运移研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
我们首次对马岭油田延9油层组原油充注点和运移方向、期次、通道及动力进行了系统地研究。结果表明,马岭油田延9油层组原油中咔唑类化合物的运移分馏效应明显,不同地区原油样品中咔唑类化合物异构体分布特征反映了延9原油具有3个充注点,运移方向为向南东方向和向北西方向运移;纵向上是由下向上,即从延10以下层位向上运移的方向。油藏储层包裹体均一化温度分布呈现出两个主峰温度,说明油气经历了两次运移期和充注期。研究资料显示马岭油田延9油层组原油运移通道在纵向上主要是河道深切谷和延9与延10油层组河道砂体的相互纵向叠置直接接触部位,或者是延10油层组泥岩很薄处形成的油气运移窗口;横向上为联通的多分支河道。油气运移的纵向动力主要为毛细管力和剩余压力。该研究成果对鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系油气的进一步勘探和开发具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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依据烃源岩有机质丰度、有机质类型、有机质成熟度和可溶有机质特征分析,发现柴达木盆地北缘东段上石炭统泥质烃源岩有机碳含量平均为1.26%,有机质类型主要以Ⅲ型和Ⅱ型为主;碳酸盐岩有机质丰度较低,平均为0.24%,有机质类型较好,为Ⅱ和Ⅰ型;有机质正处于成熟阶段后期-高成熟早期,有的还处在大量生烃阶段,表明上石炭统烃源岩达到中等—好生油岩级别。石炭系烃源岩有机质形成于较强还原条件下的咸水环境,具有丰富的低等水生生物和藻类母质输入。运用地球化学指标和柴达木盆地北缘各构造带原油系统对比研究,表明石炭系烃源岩对冷湖、南八仙构造带原油没有实质性的贡献。马北构造带个别原油样品中表现出存在来源于石炭系烃源岩的油源,揭示柴达木盆地北缘东段石炭系烃源岩是不可忽视的又一套烃源岩。 相似文献
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PAUL Philp 《中国地球化学学报》2012,31(3):264-275
Based on the systematic analyses of fifteen typical crude oils and ten typical potential source rocks col-lected from the Qaidam,Tarim and Turpan basins,Northwest China,the geochemical characteristics of the oils and source rocks were investigated and oil-source rock correlations undertaken.The oils and source rocks deposited in saline lacustrine environment from the western Qaidam Basin were characterized by n-alkanes with even car-bon-number preference in the C20-C28 range,low pristane/phytane(Pr/Ph) ratios(less than 0.5),and high abundances of C27 steranes,gammacerane and C35 hopanes.The oils and source rocks deposited in marine environment from the Tarim Basin were characterized by n-alkanes with even carbon-number preference in the C14-C18 range,relatively low Pr/Ph ratios(near to 1),high abundance of C28 steranes,and relatively high gammacerane.In contrast,the oils and source rocks deposited in terrigenous bog environment from the Turpan Basin were characterized by relatively high Pr/Ph ratios(oil samples greater than 6) high abundance of C29 steranes,and relatively low gammacerane and C31-35 hopanes.The higher amounts of C37 and C38 n-alkanes of source rocks from the western Qaidam Basin and the Tarim Basin suggest an origin of these alkanes from functionalized C37 and C38 n-alkadienes and alkenones in prymnesiophytes living in lacustrine and marine environments.Oil-source rock correlations suggest oils in the west-ern Qaidam Basin were derived from the Oligocene Lower Ganchaigou Formation(E3),oils in the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts from the Tarim Basin have a genetic relationship with the Middle-Upper Ordovician source beds.Oils in the Turpan Basin generally fall into two genetic types.Most oils in the Taibei depression from the Turpan Basin were derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal measures,but the fewer oils in this region are a mixed source derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal measure and the Upper Permian source rocks. 相似文献
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During the Pleistocene, the western Qaidam Basin has largely experienced strong structural reconstruction and strong erosion. First, the eroded thickness of Neogene strata was restored approximately by the stratigraphic profile comparison method and plane trend surface restoring method; then, accurate calculation of erosion was recovered using vitrinite reflectance, and the erosion that was restored by the trend surface restoring method was corrected; finally, a distribution map of cumulative erosion was produced. This study marks an important achievement in that one of the most important parameters of basin tectonic evolution, sedimentary evolution, and oil and gas accumulation history has been obtained, and that a basic geological problem has been solved in the Qaidam Basin. The areas with high erosion and low erosion are shown in the map and a close relation between the distribution of oil and gas fields and erosion was recognized. Large and medium oil and gas fields are mainly distributed in areas with medium and low erosion. It is difficult to form large-scale oil and gas accumulation in areas in which erosion is more than 2000 m. The mechanism of the relation between oil and gas distribution and erosion is explained. This study will be of use in predicting the distribution of oil and gas. 相似文献
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Based on the chromatograms of oils and saturated hydrocarbons, biomarkers and stable carbon isotope analyses, the geochemical characteristics and oil family Classification of crude oils from the Markit Slope in the southwest of the Tarim Basin were investigated. The results showed that crude oils from the Markit Slope are divided into two oil family Classification. Oils collected from the Bashituo oilfield in the western part of the Markit Slope are characterized by high contents of tricyclic terpanes, pregnane, and homopregnane, low contents of garmmacerane (G/H<0.20), dibenzofuran, and methyl cyclohexane, and light stable carbon isotopic values (the δ13C values of satu-rated hydrocarbons and aromatic components are less than -34‰ and -32‰, respectively), with the distribution type of steranes being C27>>C28 -32‰ and -30.6‰, respectively), with the distribution type of steranes being C27>C28<相似文献
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Crude oil samples taken from the southern part of western Qaidam Basin were analyzed with GC/MS in order to understand the geochemical characteristics of crude oils. The results reveal that most crude oils are characterized by high abundance of gammacerane and C35 homohopane, which are the representative characteristics of saline lacustrine crude oils. Based on the variation of the ratios of gammacerane/C30 hopane （G/H） and C35 homoho-pane/C34 homohopane （C35/C34H）, two crude oil groups, A and B, are identified. Group-A crude oils mainly occurr in the north of the study area, with higher ratios of G/H （〉0.8） and C35/C34H （〉1.2）, whereas group-B crude oils, selected from the south of the study area, show lower ratios of G/H （〈0.8） and C35/C34H （〈1.0）. In addition, group-A crude oils are distinguished into three subgroups in accordance with their different ratios of G/H and C35/C34H and different distribution characteristics of n-alkanes, isoprenoids and steranes. These may be helpful for understanding the distribution characteristics of crude oils in the southern part of western Qaidam Basin and providing clues to the forthcoming exploration of crude oils and gas. 相似文献