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中国早白垩世今鸟类甘肃鸟的蹼足化石 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
玉门甘肃鸟(Gansus yumenensis)是中国发现的第一只中生代鸟类化石.该化石产自甘肃西北部下沟组,时代与辽宁西部产热河生物群的早白垩世地层的时代大体相当.该鸟类趾节拉长,很短的爪具有较尖锐的屈肌结节,因而被认为是一种适应于水生生活的鸟类.玉门甘肃鸟的建立最初仅依据一件左足标本,直到最近又发现了少量可供进一步研究的新标本.本文描述了一件新的玉门甘肃鸟的完整后肢化石,标本在远端趾节之间显示出清晰的蹼的构造.这为玉门甘肃鸟具有发育足蹼的观点提供了最直接的证据.玉门甘肃鸟也成为世界上已知最古老的适应于水生生活环境的鸟类. 相似文献
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内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区早白垩世地层中产有丰富的龟类化石,本文记述了鄂托克旗查布一带泾川组的一件龟类背甲,其近六边形的第3椎盾宽为长的2倍且其前侧缘长约为后侧缘长的1.7倍、第8对肋板在中线处相接、第1上臀板宽大、侧棘发达等组合特征,表明其不同于中国龟属Sinemys的已知种,被命名为查布中国龟(新种)Sinemys chabuensis sp.nov.。龟类在鄂尔多斯地区早白垩世恐龙动物群中具有较高的分异度,志丹群泾川组和罗汉洞组中各发现至少2个种的龟类,它们既有继承性又有差异性,为研究中国龟类(sinemydids)的演化提供重要依据。 相似文献
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2012年中国十大考古发现项目、重庆市老鼓楼衙署遗址发掘中(遗址位于29°33 ′13″N,106°34 ′46″E),通过使用筛选法、水洗法提取小哺乳动物骨骼标本的考古实践,成功提取到四川短尾鼩(Anourosorex squamipes)、贵州菊头蝠(Rhinolophus rex)等小哺乳动物骨骼标本.在我国古代城市遗址考古中,第一次发现了四川短尾鼩骨骼.四川短尾鼩标本的发现和研究,确认该动物在宋代时期已进入西南地区城市环境中与人类伴栖,对研究该动物适应人类城市环境、分析古代城市生态特征等具有重要意义.四川短尾鼩生态特征的综合分析工作,揭示出重庆老鼓楼衙署遗址古气候环境湿热;衙署庭院里具备有较大水源,有高大的阔叶树木遮荫,庭院地表面松软潮湿;衙署居室内采光偏少(光线较暗),可能有多种昆虫及软体动物会常进入人类居室活动;有多种小哺乳动物(如短尾鼩)伴栖于人类居室内、外,等等.该项研究工作,还从小哺乳动物骨骼标本提取、骨骼观测与鉴定方法等方面,为以后在动物考古中开展小哺乳动物研究积累了重要资料. 相似文献
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描述发现于中国辽宁朝阳早白垩世九佛堂组地层中的一件鸟类标本。该标本体型较小,具有许多反鸟类的近裔特征。通过对新标本后肢形态特征的分析,可判断其为一小型树栖反鸟类。新标本具有发育的前肢和进步的乌喙骨,及发育滞后的后肢和相对原始的胸骨形态。胸骨长宽比约为1,顶端呈圆弧形,两个后侧突末端不膨大,中央突末端稍扩大,龙骨突基本不发育等。新标本同时具有反鸟类的原始和进步特征,以及原始的胸骨特征。其综合特征不同于已知任意一种小型反鸟类,因此建立一个反鸟类新属种——普通小反鸟(Microenantiornis vulgaris gen.et sp.nov.)。 相似文献
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程新民 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1988,(4)
1988年夏天,山东民工在长春市南郊红咀子挖砂子时,发现一较大骨骼化石,出土时风化严重,但两端关节面保存完好。经鉴定该化石属于鸟臀目(Ornithischia)。鸟脚亚目(Ornithopoda)鸭咀龙科(Hadrosauvidae)。鸭咀龙是鸟脚亚目在进化过程中最后分化出来的一群,生活在晚白垩世,而且十分繁盛,以北美和亚洲分布最多。在我国山东、黑龙江和内蒙都发现较完整的鸭咀龙化石,在吉林省刘房子也发现过零星的骨骼化石,但在长春市郊尚属首次发现。 该鸭咀龙化石产在距地表深约20m的晚白垩世泉头组紫红色粘土岩中,在同一层位中还发现有较多破碎的骨骼化石,在距该地不远的长春市二机砖厂附近还发现有恐龙蛋化石。这些化石的发现表明长 相似文献
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新反鸟化石（Gracilornis jiufotangensis gen. et sp. nov.）产于辽宁省朝阳地区早白垩世九佛堂组。根据该反鸟的骨骼细弱、肢骨关节发达、胸骨与躯干相比较小（胸骨宽与躯干长比率约为0.11;胸骨长与躯干长比率约为0.13）等不同于其他已知反鸟的特征,建立一新属种,归于华夏鸟科（Cathayornithidae）。 相似文献
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所有鸟臀目恐龙都是植食性或杂食性。鸟臀目恐龙中的奇异辽宁龙是一种体型很小的甲龙,以往均认为与其他甲龙一样生活在陆地上,主要以植物为食。报道了中国发现的一件新的奇异辽宁龙标本,该标本体腔内保存了很多鱼类化石骨骼,认为这些鱼类残骸是甲龙胃或肠里的残留物,因此可以作为该恐龙食肉的有力证据。奇异辽宁龙颊齿齿冠具有长而分叉的齿饰,这种齿系可以穿透像鱼类一样的小动物。恐龙前、后肢指(趾)爪演变得非常锋利同样可以证明其适应吃肉的生活方式。奇异辽宁龙腹部甲板演化成盾状及荐骨-腰带关联疏松也说明其适应水生生活,腹部甲板可以保护腹部身体免受水下攻击。同理,神经弓与椎体之间缝合线开阔不能再作为正型标本的幼年特征。奇异辽宁龙是自18世纪发现恐龙以来已知的第一种肉食性鸟臀目恐龙,不仅代表了第一种水生或半水生有甲类恐龙,更是目前已知最小的鸟臀目恐龙。 相似文献
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本文记述了一件产自辽宁锦州义县早白垩世九佛堂组燕鸟 (Yanornis)化石的新标本。研究标本不但自身保存非常精美 ,而且其嘴里还完整地保存了它捕获的最后一件猎物——吉南鱼 (Jinanichthys longi-cephalus)。该标本的研究 ,不仅对燕鸟的生存环境、生活习性、捕食类型等研究提供了直接的证据 ,而且对于探讨辽西热河生物群中脊椎动物的“集群死亡”的原因也具有重要的意义 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
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Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献