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1.
西藏类乌齐片麻状黑云二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年技术,对藏东他念他翁山类乌齐地区侵入吉塘岩群恩达岩组片麻状黑云二长花岗岩进行测年,获得岩浆结晶年龄为(235.7±0.68)Ma(中三叠世),为藏东他念他翁山地区印支运动提供地质记录。岩石地球化学分析表明,片麻状黑云二长花岗岩SiO2含量为74.02%~77.47%,(K2O+Na2O)-SiO2图解中落入亚碱性花岗岩区,FeOT/MgO-SiO2图解中落入钙碱性区域,SiO2-FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)图解中落入铁质区。A/CNK指数为1.41,属过铝质高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩。稀土分布模式为轻稀土富集的右倾曲线,Eu具明显负异常(δEu=0.05~0.35)。微量元素表现出Ba,Sr,Zr,Hf亏损,Rb,Th,U相对富集特征。据CaO/Na2O比值、Rb-Sr-Ba含量变化及地球化学特征,该岩体形成于上地壳,源岩为泥质岩石花岗质岩浆。结合地球化学特征及区域地质背景认为,藏东他念他翁山地区侵入恩达岩组片麻状黑云二长花岗岩属S型花岗岩,形成于后碰撞地球动力学环境。 相似文献
2.
松潘造山带内发育大量印支期花岗岩,这些花岗岩类对于该地区岩浆活动、基底性质和构造演化的研究有着重要的意义。金川地区观音桥二云母花岗岩位于松潘造山带东部,属于晚三叠世花岗岩。岩石具有高硅(SiO_2=72.08%~73.95%)、富碱(K_2O=4.44%~5.84%、Na_2O=3.29%~3.93%)的特征,其A/CNK值为1.08~1.22,属于过铝质高钾钙碱性S型花岗岩类。岩石富集大离子亲石元素,亏损部分高场强元素,具有明显的Eu负异常(δEu=0.26~0.38)。观音桥二云母花岗岩的ε_(Nd)(t)=-7.9~-10.1(平均为-8.9)不高,Nd同位素二阶段模式年龄T_(2DM)值为1.42~1.57 Ga,显示源岩应该为中元古代地壳岩石。岩石高的Rb/Sr值和低的CaO/Na_2O值、较低的Al_2O_3/TiO_2值和低的Rb/Ba值,表明其起源于泥质源岩的部分熔融。综合地球化学、同位素特征和区域地质资料,笔者等认为金川地区观音桥二云母花岗岩是在松潘造山带挤压背景下,由中—上地壳泥质源岩发生部分熔融而形成。 相似文献
3.
松潘造山带马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的成因及其构造意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
松潘造山带广泛出露印支期后碰撞型花岗岩类, 其中包括埃达克质花岗岩类、A型花岗岩和I型花岗岩, 但目前人们对该区印支期强过铝质花岗岩尚未有深入的研究.松潘造山带马尔康花岗岩属于强过铝质花岗岩(A/CNK=1.10~1.20), 其岩石类型主要为中粒二云母花岗岩和中细粒二云母花岗岩.利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法, 获得中粒二云母花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为208±2Ma, 中细粒二云母花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为200±2Ma.马尔康强过铝质花岗岩K2O/Na2O=1.13~1.75, 富Rb、Th和U, 贫Sr、Ba、Co和Ni等元素; 稀土元素组成上显示存在强到中等的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.15~0.65);全岩初始87Sr/86Sr比值(ISr) 为0.70712~0.71137, εNd (t) =-10.36~-8.43, 锆石εHf (t) =-11.8~-1.1.地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成一致表明, 它们的岩浆来自于地壳物质的部分熔融, 其中中粒二云母花岗岩的源岩类型主要为地壳中的泥质岩类, 而中细粒二云母花岗岩的源岩主要为地壳中的杂砂岩类.结合松潘带的地质背景、区域构造-岩浆事件及其岩浆岩的组合分析, 印支期岩石圈拆沉作用可以用来解释马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的形成机制.在松潘带, 印支期岩石圈拆沉作用导致软流圈物质上涌, 这不仅促使了加厚下地壳物质发生部分熔融, 如松潘带印支期埃达克质和I型花岗岩浆的形成, 而且还诱发了中地壳物质的部分熔融, 如马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的形成.这表明松潘带印支期岩石圈拆沉作用已使地壳不同层次发生部分熔融作用. 相似文献
4.
乌日尼图隐伏岩体位于内蒙古自治区苏尼特左旗查干敖包镇西北乌日尼图地区,主要岩石类型为细粒-中细粒花岗岩、二长花岗岩。岩相学及地球化学特征研究表明,乌日尼图花岗岩体属于高钾钙碱性岩系,SiO2含量为74.85%～78.10%,K2O/Na2O比值介于1.45～3.08之间,铝指数A/CNK=1.00～1.21,属过铝质岩石。主微量稀土元素分析表明,该岩体富集Rb、Th、U等元素而Ba、Nb、Sr、P和Ti强烈亏损,Eu为负异常(δEu= 0.22～0.39),总体呈现轻稀土富集的右倾“V”形分布配分模式。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,乌日尼图花岗岩体形成于早白垩世(139 Ma),为燕山运动晚期的产物。乌日尼图花岗岩体属A型花岗岩,形成于伸展的大地构造环境,且源区成分不均一,源岩可能主要由富黏土的泥质岩夹杂少量砂屑岩变质形成。 相似文献
5.
粤北下庄花岗岩地球化学特征与成因研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
印支期下庄花岗岩是粤北贵东复式花岗岩体的重要组成部分, 其岩石的主要元素显示出富硅、富碱、过铝质等特征; 微量元素表现为富集Rb、Th、U、Ce、Sm、Y, 亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti;LREE轻微富集 (LREE/HREE=7 .54~11 18, (La/Yb)N=7 .36~16.03), Eu亏损明显 (δEu=0 .24~0 .33); 构造环境判别显示下庄花岗岩属于后碰撞花岗岩范畴。这些特征表明, 下庄岩体属于典型的壳源型花岗岩, 是在地壳伸展减薄的构造背景下, 通过以泥质岩和砂质岩组成的古元古代变质沉积岩部分熔融而形成。 相似文献
6.
藏南冲巴淡色花岗岩的地球化学特征、成因机制及其构造动力学意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《地学前缘》2016,(1):264-275
冲巴淡色花岗岩位于大喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩带的东部,岩石地球化学研究结果显示,其具有高的SiO2(73.87%~74.95%)、Al2O3(14.20%~14.74%)和K2O(4.44%~4.89%),高的K2O/Na2O比值(1.19~1.42)和A/CNK比值(1.18~1.22),富集Rb、Th和U,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr和Zr,具有强烈的负Eu异常(δEu=0.27~0.37),属于高钾钙碱性过铝质S型花岗岩。冲巴淡色花岗岩具有较高的Rb/Sr比值(2.6~8.6),低的CaO/Na2O比值(0.18~0.20),指示源区可能为泥质岩区,(87 Sr/86 Sr)i和εNd(t)值分别为0.763 199~0.778 799和-16.7~-16.3,与大喜马拉雅结晶杂岩(GHC)中变泥质岩一致,表明其来自GHC变泥质岩的部分熔融。淡色花岗岩具有高的(87Sr/86Sr)i而低的Sr含量,且随着Ba含量增加,Rb/Sr比值降低。这些特征表明,冲巴淡色花岗岩是无水条件下变泥质岩发生白云母脱水熔融的产物,部分熔融可能与STDS伸展拆离导致的构造减压密切相关。 相似文献
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文中对位于湘赣粤三省交界处的诸广山南体桃金洞花岗岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学的研究,并将其与诸广山南体东部其他印支期非产铀和产铀花岗岩进行了对比。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为204±2.1 Ma,为印支晚期岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学组成呈过铝质,硅和碱含量偏高(Si O_2=69.7%~75.0%,K_2O+Na_2O=7.74%~9.08%),富铁、贫镁,属于碱钙性/钙碱性-过铝质-铁质花岗岩。稀土元素总量较高(∑REE=226~272×10~(-6)),LREE富集(LREE/HREE=6.27~11.4,(La/Yb)_N=4.01~15.0),Eu亏损较明显(δEu=0.15~0.42),富集Rb、Th和U,亏损Ba、Sr、Ti和Eu,属于典型的低Ba、Sr花岗岩;(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i值较高(0.71922~0.72040),εNd(t)值较低(-10.0~-10.2),两阶段Nd模式年龄为1.80~1.82 Ga。上述特征表明,桃金洞花岗岩属于典型的壳源型花岗岩,是在地壳伸展-减薄构造背景下,由古元古代地壳岩石演变而成的变质杂砂岩组分岩石经中低程度部分熔融形成。对比研究显示,诸广山南体印支期产铀花岗岩蚀变作用强,FeO~T/(Fe O~T+MgO)比值变化较大,CaO含量低,主要为碱钙性花岗岩,Ba、Sr、Ti和Eu亏损更强烈,ε_(Nd)(t)值更低和Nd模式年龄更古老。非产铀花岗岩源岩以砂质岩为主,U含量相对较低。桃金洞花岗岩未经后期明显热液蚀变作用,不具有产铀花岗岩蚀变强烈的特点,地球化学特征相似于诸广山南体印支期非产铀花岗岩,铀成矿潜力可能不大。 相似文献
8.
东昆仑黑海地区发育加里东期过铝质花岗岩(424.0~420.5 Ma),其形成与地壳的发展演化密切相关,主要通过岩相学和地球化学方法对其进行了研究.黑海过铝质花岗岩由黑云母英云闪长岩、黑云母花岗闪长岩、黑云母花岗岩、二云母花岗岩和白云母花岗岩组成.SiO2变化区间为65.32%~75.87%,K2O/Na2O为0.47~1.52,δ为1.09~3.00,为钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列;A/CNK为1.02~1.31,属于过铝质-强过铝质花岗岩.稀土元素具有轻稀土相对富集和重稀土相对亏损的特征,中等负铕异常.微量元素具有相对选择性富集大离子亲石元素而相对亏损高场强元素的特征.源区参与熔融物质由以变杂砂岩为主,向以变泥质岩为主过渡.结合区域资料,认为黑海过铝质花岗岩是东昆南俯冲增生杂岩楔发生伸展减薄引起地幔物质底侵而促使富硅铝地壳物质发生不同程度部分熔融形成. 相似文献
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西秦岭北部广泛分布中酸性岩体,时代多属于印支期和燕山期,并多具有埃达克岩的特点。本次研究分析了达加勒花岗岩的岩石学和岩石地球化学特征,发现该岩体主要是以花岗岩、二长花岗岩为主,属于高钾钙碱性系列; ACNK值在1. 1～1. 25之间,平均1. 17,属于过铝质;岩石富SiO2(67. 98%～74. 89%)和Al2O3(13. 27%～15. 50%),高Sr(773. 70×10-6～824. 30×10-6),低Yb(0. 48×10-6～1. 32×10-6)、Y(2. 79×10-6～14. 24×10-6),(La/Yb)N比值24. 39～45. 73,无负Eu异常(δEu=0. 57～1. 08),具有典型的埃达克岩地球化学特征。研究认为花岗岩浆起源于下地壳的部分熔融,源岩主要是变质杂砂岩,有少量的泥质岩,其形成时代可能为燕山早期。这与研究区印支—燕山期存在陆陆碰撞或者陆陆俯冲导致地壳加厚,加厚的下地壳发生部分熔融结果一致。 相似文献
10.
《华东地质》2015,(4)
湘西南苗儿山地区早燕山期花岗岩形成于晚侏罗世早期,侵入于加里东期花岗岩(构成苗儿山岩体主体)和印支期花岗岩中。主要岩石类型为细粒—中粗粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩,局部发育细粒二云母二长花岗岩。岩石SiO_2为76.02%~80.26%、Al_2O_3为10.94%~12.88%、K2O为3.42%~5.34%、Na_2O+K_2O为5.37%~8.22%、ASI为1.04~1.31(平均1.14),总体属铁质、钙碱性系列过铝质花岗岩类。微量元素中Ba、Sr、P、Ti表现为强烈亏损,Rb、(Th+U+K)、(La+Ce)、Nd、(Zr+Hf+Sm)、(Y+Yb+Lu)等相对富集。稀土总量较低(122.9~175.4μg/g),轻稀土略富集((La/Yb)N=2.55~3.79),具明显的负Eu异常(δEu=0.07~0.22)。岩体ISr值为0.99007和1.15860,εNd(t)值为-9.20和-8.80,两阶段Nd模式年龄(t2DM)为~1.7Ga。C/MF-A/MF图解显示源岩主要为变质泥质岩和变质杂砂岩。强过铝花岗岩样品的Al_2O_3/TiO_2比值部分100。上述地球化学特征表明花岗岩为S型花岗岩,源岩主要为中、上地壳酸性岩石,并有少量地幔物质加入。花岗岩主量和微量元素构造环境判别图解以及区域构造演化过程表明花岗岩形成于后造山构造环境,岩浆形成与先期(中侏罗世)陆壳增厚升温及软流圈地幔的热传递有关。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献