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1.
中天山白石头泉岩体年代学、岩石成因及构造意义 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
白石头泉岩体位于中天山北缘边界断裂(沙泉子断裂)南侧。该岩体从下至上可分为五个连续过渡的岩相带,即淡色花岗岩(a带),含天河石花岗岩(b带),天河石花岗岩(c带),含黄玉天河石花岗岩(d带)以及黄玉钠长花岗岩(e带),其中,b、c、d和e带均为a带分异的产物。白石头泉岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该岩体侵位于早二叠世早期(295.6±1.3Ma),并于印支期(~214Ma)经历了一次热事件的改造。淡色花岗岩在主量元素上富硅(SiO2= 74.93%~76.18%)、富碱(K2O + Na2O=8.07%~8.80%)、富钠(K2O / Na2O=0.82~0.89),贫钙、镁,而在微量元素上富Rb、F和Ga(Al/Ga比值为2217~3134),贫Ba、Sr和Eu并具强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.0020~0.0091),反映出其源区为富含白云母的片岩(或片麻岩),成岩压力较低,温度大于860℃。结合区域地质特征,作者等认为白石头泉岩体形成于相对拉张的构造背景,是中-上地壳源岩经历高温贫水熔融的产物,其形成与幔源岩浆内侵作用有关。 相似文献
2.
越南东北部高平地区静足 (Tinh Túc) 钨锡矿床分布在银山-静足成矿带上,属于中国西南-越东北花岗岩相关的钨锡成矿带的一部分。花岗岩的锆石SIMS U-Pb测年结果为93.9±3.0Ma,地球化学分析结果显示出过铝质S型花岗岩的特点,高硅 (SiO2含量73.5%~74.6%),铝过饱和 (Al2O3含量14.21%~14.88%),高碱 (Na2O+K2O为6.64%~8.47%)、富钾贫钠 (K2O/Na2O>1),同时富集Rb、Th、U、Zr、Hf,亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、Ti、Eu,轻稀土相对富集,呈现明显的负Eu异常。同位素研究表明,样品的87Sr/86Sr初始比值为0.749±0.027,εNd(t) 为-10.71~-10.42。本文依据派洼花岗岩的地球化学特征,结合花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、同位素分析结果,认为派洼花岗岩为燕山期后造山环境中形成的高度分异岩浆结晶的结果。通过与华南西南部矿床相关岩体比较,将静足派洼岩体归入个旧-大厂花岗岩带。并通过与缅甸境内腾冲-毛淡棉花岗岩带岩体特征对比并结合构造环境判别,提出个旧-大厂花岗岩带的形成可能受到太平洋构造域和特提斯构造域的双重影响,但以后者为主。 相似文献
3.
新疆东天山石炭纪火山岩及其构造意义 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
东天山石炭纪火山岩北至吐哈盆地南缘,向南受控于阿奇克库都克断裂,对恢复古生代期间古亚洲洋的构造演化具有重要的意义。通过岩石学、同位素年代学及地球化学研究发现:(1)东天山石炭纪火山岩是一套钙碱质玄武岩-安山岩-流纹岩建造,玄武岩包括N-MORB和IAT型两种类型,指示东天山地区在石炭纪存在一个弧间盆地,其北部边界可能为东准噶尔的卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带;(2)东天山吐哈盆地南缘底坎儿组中流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb 年龄为320 ±1.2Ma(MSWD=1.3),代表了底坎儿组火山岩主体岩浆结晶时代;(3)对比东天山及邻区石炭纪火山岩地球化学,发现在SiO2含量相近的情况下,由北向南东天山石炭纪火山岩中玄武岩的K2O、K2O+Na2O、K2O/Na2O、LILE(Rb、Ba、Sr等)和HFSE(Nb、Ta、Th、Zr等)呈规律性增加,具有明显的成分分带,与环太平洋中-新生代岛弧和活动大陆边缘产出的火山岩的成分极性变化一致。认为东天山石炭纪火山岩成分分带可能是古亚洲洋在石炭纪向东南准噶尔-吐鲁番-哈密陆块下斜向俯冲的结果。 相似文献
4.
北秦岭马河钼矿区花岗岩类的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对北秦岭马河钼矿区桃官坪中-细粒二长花岗岩和西沟斑状二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄测定,分别获得了157±1Ma(NSWD=13)和153±1Ma(NSWD=14)的谐和年龄,表明其为晚侏罗世侵入体。马河钼矿的形成与这两个侵入体密切相关,据此限定该钼矿床成矿时代略晚于157~153Ma,为侏罗世晚期成矿。桃官坪和西沟花岗岩具有高硅(68.12%~76.33%),富碱(Na2O+K2O=6.35%~10.38%)的特征,K2O/Na2O变化较大(0.91~1.89),A/CNK在0.85~1.14之间,为准铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列。微量元素上富集U、Pb、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Rb、Ba、K、Sr、P等大离子亲石元素。稀土元素配分曲线为轻稀土相对富集的右倾型,多数具有弱的负铕异常(δEu=0.5~0.9),少数样品具有弱正铕异常(δEu=1.05~1.08)。与华北地块南缘与钼矿有关的花岗岩相比,二者均具有高硅、高钾、富碱的特征。但马河钼矿区成矿花岗岩比华北地块南缘的稍基性,这可能是导致马河钼矿的矿床规模比华北地块南缘较小的原因之一。 相似文献
5.
玉龙铜矿带马拉松多斑岩体岩石学及成岩成矿系统年代学分析 总被引：9，自引：4，他引：5
马拉松多斑岩铜钼矿床是玉龙斑岩铜矿带中第二大的大型斑岩铜钼矿床,本文分析了岩体化学组成及用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb法以及黑云母K-Ar法测定了成岩成矿体系同位素年代。赋矿岩体可分为早晚两期, 早期岩体主要由石英二长斑岩及碱长花岗斑岩组成,晚期岩体主要由碱长花岗斑岩组成。早期岩体和晚期岩体在化学组成上有一定的差异,早期岩体富Al2O3、MgO、CaO、Na2O、Fe 2O3、TiO2,晚期岩体则相对富SiO2及K2O;马拉松多早期岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄(36.9±0.4Ma, MSWD=1.52)与晚期岩体锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄（36.9±0.3Ma, MSWD=1.38）相同,也和黑云母K-Ar年龄（36.9±0.6Ma）及前人的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄一致。早期和晚期岩体是在现有同位素体系难以区别的相同的时间间隔内脉动侵入形成的,马拉松多成岩成矿系统在很短时期内从高温（800℃,锆石U-Pb封闭温度）冷却至中低温（300℃黑云母Ar同位素体系的封闭温度）,成岩成矿时间跨度小于1Ma。玉龙矿带主要赋矿岩体锆石年龄表明,玉龙斑岩铜矿带岩浆活动时间跨度4.3Ma内,约发生过四次成岩成矿事件。 相似文献
6.
内蒙大青山地区黑云母花岗岩SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其构造意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
大青山黑云母花岗岩主要由钾长石（45%）、斜长石（15%~25%）、石英（25%）、黑云母（5%~10%）组成。主元素SiO2含量69.48%~72.40%,K2O+ Na2O含量7.74%~9.58%,K2O＞Na2O,A/CNK为1.0~1.17,具过铝质-强过铝质花岗岩特征;稀土元素分馏较强,REE配分型式具中等负Eu异常;微量元素在原始地幔（PM）标准化蛛网图上显示Rb、Th、K、Nd相对富集,Nb、Sr、Ti相对亏损,岩石地球化学特征与碰撞花岗岩类似。本文对大青山地区料木山黑云母花岗岩进行高精度锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年研究,其形成时间为2430±19Ma,可能代表鄂尔多斯陆块与阴山微陆块碰撞造山岩浆热事件年龄。区域上埃达克质岩、赞歧岩、Colcepet花岗岩同位素年龄均为2470~2330Ma, 预示着这一地区在古元古代早期可能已经出现与板块消减相关的陆-陆碰撞造山带。古元古代花岗岩的岩石地球化学和同位素年代学特征表明乌拉山-大青山麻粒岩相带是一条古元古代造山带。 相似文献
7.
华北板块北缘中段早中二叠世的构造属性：来自花岗岩类锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学的制约 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1
内蒙古温都尔庙南-铁沙盖黑云角闪石英闪长岩和角闪黑云花岗闪长岩位于华北板块北缘中段晚古生代构造岩浆活动带中;锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果显示,其形成时代分别为271.8±2.4Ma,271.4±1.3Ma、268.7±1.3Ma。主量元素SiO2含量61.42%~71.73%,K2O含量3.10%~5.11%,K2O/Na2O值介于0.93~1.96之间,Mg#值介于42.54~49.93之间,A/CNK为0.90~1.03;副矿物为锆石、磷灰石和磁铁矿,属亚碱性高钾钙碱性系列、I型花岗岩类;富集轻稀土(LREEs)、大离子亲石元素(LILEs,Cs、Rb、K、Ba、Th和U),亏损重稀土元素(HREEs)及高场强元素(HFSEs,Nb、Ta和Ti),弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.55~0.95),形成于活动大陆边缘弧环境,是上地壳部分熔融的产物。黑云角闪石英闪长岩和角闪黑云花岗闪长岩中发育大量暗色微粒包体(黑云闪长岩),包体可能是岩石圈地幔部分熔融的产物,相对于寄主岩石贫Si、K富Fe、Mg、Ca、Ti、大离子亲石元素(LILEs,Rb、Cs、Sr和U)和高场强元素(HFSEs,Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)。本文花岗岩类的侵位反映了早中二叠世古亚洲洋俯冲于华北板块北缘之下及岩浆混合作用的岩浆事件。 相似文献
8.
安徽牯牛降A型花岗岩的年代学、地球化学和构造意义 总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3
皖南地区牯牛降岩体位于扬子板块东南缘,江南隆起带内。本文报道了牯牛降花岗岩体新的锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学数据,并对岩体成因及其构造意义进行了探讨。锆石原位LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年表明牯牛降岩体的形成年龄为130.1±1.3Ma (95% confidence, MSWD=0.55)。结合己发表的其他高质量锆石U-Pb同位素年龄数据表明皖南地区花岗岩的形成年龄主要集中在125~130Ma。牯牛降花岗岩为高钾钙碱性、准铝质岩石,SiO2 含量为72.21%~74.85%,具有高K2O含量(>5.11%)、高铁值(FeOT/(FeOT+MgO)>0.91)和K2O/Na2O比值(>1.61),低MgO和CaO含量的特征。微量元素地球化学性质上表现为强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Eu(Eu*/Eu=0.29~0.30),富集REE(>419×10-6)、Rb、Th 和U,较高的高场强元素Zr、Nb、Y和Ga含量。主量和微量元素均表现为A型花岗岩的特征。非常低的Mg#值(0.14~0.16)和较低Cr含量(Cr=10×10-6),高Yb(7.08×10-6~9.02×10-6)、Y(78.7×10-6~90.8×10-6)含量和较高的Th/U比值(5.17~7.79)说明古老地壳物质的部分熔融可能是牯牛降岩体主要形成机制。牯牛降A2型花岗岩特征代表了拉张的碰撞后构造环境。 相似文献
9.
藏北羌塘中部桃形湖蛇绿岩中钠长花岗岩——古特提斯洋壳消减的证据 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
本文报道了羌塘中部黑脊山钠长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年结果和岩石地球化学资料以及锆石Hf同位素成分。野外观察表明钠长花岗岩与桃形湖蛇绿岩为侵入接触关系。样品中的锆石晶型比较完整,具典型的岩浆生长环带,未见继承的老岩浆核,结合其Th/U比值（0.41~1.06）,表明为典型的岩浆成因。锆石LA-ICP-MS定年结果为351.2±1.9Ma,表明其形成时代为早石炭世。钠长花岗岩具有较高的SiO2含量和很高的Na2O/K2O比值,为准铝质-弱过铝质岩石,属于钙碱性I型花岗岩;稀土元素配分模式显示为右倾的曲线,伴随较弱的正Eu异常;微量元素蛛网图上表现出Nb、Ta、Ti负异常和Rb、Th、U、K、Pb、Zr、Hf正异常,具有岛弧花岗岩的地球化学特征;样品在构造环境判别图解上投点均落入岛弧花岗岩区。样品中锆石的εHf（t）值为+11.56~+14.46,二阶段Hf模式年龄为432~581Ma,显示出明显的幔源特征,说明其源岩可能为俯冲消减的玄武质洋壳。黑脊山钠长花岗岩的发现,表明羌塘中部的古特提洋在早石炭世已经进入岛弧消减阶段。 相似文献
10.
彩霞山花岗岩体位于中天山南缘的卡瓦布拉克地区,由糜棱岩化二长花岗岩和斑状钾长花岗岩组成,其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(330.0±3.6)Ma、(333.3±3.6)Ma;其锆石εHf(t)分别为5.23~0.87和10.85^-5.81,tDM2分别为1.28~1.00Ga和1.7~0.65Ga。地球化学分析结果显示,二长花岗岩和斑状钾长花岗岩的A/CNK、Na2O+K2O值分别为6.40、45.91和4.17、33.19,均属于高钾钙碱性过铝质I型花岗岩。富集轻稀土元素,具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu=2.76~4.14)。糜棱岩化二长花岗岩同构造侵位的显微构造特征揭示卡瓦布拉克韧性剪切带至少在早石炭世晚期处于活动状态。结合区域地质资料,认为彩霞山花岗岩体形成于南天山洋向北俯冲的活动大陆边缘环境,代表中天山南缘晚古生代岩浆弧的一部分。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献