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利用已有的岩体地质、地球化学、华南地区地热异常数据及区域地震特征,初步获得了湖南省主要花岗岩体的放射性生热、盖层导热率、地温梯度、大地热流、居里面深度以及地体稳定性6项干热岩指标,结合国内外有关干热岩判别指标及权重,对湖南地区具有高放射性生成热的岩体干热岩地质赋存条件进行了评价,认为湘东南的诸广山岩体、九嶷山岩体、香花岭岩体、骑田岭岩体是重点干热岩勘探区,其次为大义山岩体、越城岭岩体、关帝庙以及沩山岩体。基于放射性异常及深部隐伏岩体分布特征,建议在诸广山岩体热水地区、香花岭-骑田岭NEE向带、九嶷山岩体北西部、关帝庙岩体中部、沩山岩体中部红盆覆盖区开展干热岩勘查工作。 相似文献
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浙江省位于中国东部沿海高热流地热异常区,燕山期岩浆侵入活动强烈,高放射性产热型干热岩资源潜力巨大。燕山期花岗岩类生热元素分布规律研究表明:石英正长岩类、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩和花岗岩的K2O含量相近,花岗岩的U、Th含量最高。岩体放射性生热率计算结果表明:不同花岗岩类放射性生热率相差较大。石英正长岩类生热率相对最低,变化范围相对较窄,平均值为2.14 μW/m3; 正长花岗岩生热率变化范围相对较宽,平均值为3.31 μW/m3; 花岗岩生热率相对最高,平均值为5.41 μW/m3。参照高放射性产热型干热岩开发的地热地质学标准,初步判定浙西北泗岭、九华山、河桥、儒洪和学川(顺溪)及浙东南小将等岩体,具有较好的干热岩资源勘查前景。 相似文献
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干热岩是一种重要的地热资源，绝大部分以开采地壳中生代以来中酸性侵入岩体中所蕴含的热量为主。东南沿海地区是中国最主要的高放射性花岗岩分布区，发育大面积的中生代酸性花岗岩体，是寻找干热岩的良好靶区。通过研究东南沿海大地构造背景、区域大地热流分布、地壳厚度、居里面埋深及新构造等条件，分析了东南沿海干热岩资源的赋存背景，对福建地区是否存在干热岩进行了探讨，并通过控热构造分析提出了东南沿海干热岩资源的成因模式，初步建立了东南沿海干热岩成藏的三元聚热模型，总结了漳州、惠州等地区的干热岩资源靶区勘查进展，相关研究为今后中国东南沿海地区干热岩勘查评价提供了基础。 相似文献
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高产热花岗岩是重要的壳内热源之一,我国华南陆缘花岗岩体分布广泛,为该区浅表热量的生成及聚集提供了可能。本文在简述区内花岗岩资源分布的基础上,系统分析了区内主要花岗岩体的放射性生热特征,并结合区内近些年施工的地热勘探深钻,对重点地热勘查区的深部地温场分布、地热通量、地壳热结构等进行了对比分析,提出了华南陆缘浅表地热资源的聚热模式。分析认为,华南陆缘地区具有“幔源供热 壳内生热 断裂传热 盖层保热”的四元聚热模式,其中,花岗岩体的放射性生热率是影响区内浅部地温场的主要因素之一,粤北—赣南岩体的生热率明显高于漳州地区的花岗岩体,其近似“热壳冷幔”型或“温壳温幔”型岩石圈热结构与漳州“热幔冷壳”型岩石圈热结构有一定的差异;断裂构造及盖层条件对于地下热量聚集及散失具有明显的控制作用。研究成果对于深入理解华南陆缘地热资源的成因、控热因素,以及今后该地区地热资源勘探开发实践具有一定的理论与指导意义。 相似文献
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潘集矿区深部勘查区是淮南煤田未来主要的接替资源地,但煤炭深部开采必然会面临严峻的地热地质问题,而前人对该区的研究多局限于浅层地温资料的预测评价,制约了对深部地热条件的认识。为此,此次依据潘集矿区深部最新的地面钻孔井温测井数据,结合浅层地温和井下巷道岩温测试等相关地质资料,研究该区现今地温场特征,并从多方面分析地质构造对该区地温场的控制作用。研究成果表明,在垂向上地温与深度呈较好的正相关关系,地温梯度整体上随深度的增加而递减;平面上地温梯度介于20.9~36.2℃/km之间,平均值为26.7℃/km,总体上呈由潘集背斜核部向两翼和外围逐渐降低的趋势。该区现今地温场主要受潘集背斜的构造控制,导水断层也是该区局部地温异常的主要原因之一,岩浆岩的放射性生热作用也在一定程度上影响煤系岩层的生热结构。 相似文献
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我国东南沿海干热岩赋存前景及与靶区选址研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
干热岩资源是未来重要的清洁型能源,干热岩资源靶区选址是进行干热岩资源开发利用最基础的工作。本文在综合国内外相关干热岩开发项目的基础上,系统总结了干热岩选址的地热地质学指标,并对我国东南沿海地区的干热岩赋存背景进行论述,选取了广东阳江新州、广东惠州黄沙洞、雷琼断陷盆地、海南陵水等几个地区作为我国东南沿海干热岩开发的重点潜力靶区,在综合分析各靶区深部地热地质背景、深部热异常的基础上,建立了研究区深部温度场模型,进行了干热岩资源靶区选址对比研究,对下一步优先勘查靶区及勘查方案提出了建议。 相似文献
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青海共和盆地干热岩赋存地质特征及开发潜力 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
青海共和盆地贮藏有丰富的干热岩地热资源。为提升共和盆地干热岩地热资源成因的理论认识,进一步推动干热岩资源的勘探,文章从共和盆地干热岩热源机制、盖层条件、储层特征等方面对共和盆地干热岩资源成因件进行了全面分析。首先,结合区域地质构造分析、地热地质调查、地球物理（航磁、地震）解译等手段,在共和盆地恰卜恰岩体内实施了4口深度为2927~3705 m的干热岩勘查孔,并在3705 m处钻获236℃的优质干热岩资源,为中国非现代火山区干热岩地热资源勘探的首个重大突破。其次,系统测试了钻孔不同深度花岗岩放射性,结果表明,共和盆地花岗岩体铀、钍、钾放射性含量略高于大地背景值,放射性生热率较低,对干热岩热源的贡献小,其热源可能来自壳内熔融体。第三,基于地质资料分析和航磁解译,圈定了共和盆地总体面积约1.4×104 km2的潜在干热岩分布区。最后,采用体积法评估了共和盆地干热岩资源潜力,结果表明,共和盆地3.0~6.0 km深度范围保守的、静态干热岩资源总量为8974.74×1018 J,换算标准煤可达3066.19×108 t,具有广阔的开发利用前景。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献