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1.
During the whole 20th century in China, especially the latest 50 years, we have gotten much geological information about geological mapping, geophysics, geochemistry, mineral exploration,remote sensing, environmental geology, hydrogeology, engineering geology and oceanic geology etc. by our geologists and explorers. All the information has been accmnulated and can be used as a dcision-making foundation for the future plan of geological survey. The spatial database of geological survey ex-tents has been established by using computer technology. The database contained all kinds of exploration sections and collected about 160 000 records in this database. This paper introduces the data construc-tion ,contents and applying systemof this database, and trys to let people know what kinds of geological survey were finished, when the exploration were carried out, and how and where you can get this infor-mation. 相似文献
2.
Effect and Prospect of Basic Geological Survey Based on Airborne Gravimetry in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LI Wenyong ZHOU Jianxin XIONG Shengqing GUO Zhihong LU Wenfen XU Jianchun LIU Yanxu 《《地质学报》英文版》2012,86(1):38-47
The airborne gravimetry was an important leap and innovation in the world’s history of geophysical exploration. China's first test of the airborne gravity geological survey in the onshore-offshore transitional area of the western and southern part of the Bohai Sea was successful and effective in geology. Based on the airborne gravity data, and combining previous ground gravity, seismic and drilling data etc., we carried out the geological interpretation by forward and inverse methods. The result shows that the airborne Bouguer gravity anomaly was clear, the fracture interpretation was reliable, and the inversion depth of the main geological interfaces was relatively accurate. This airborne gravity geological survey not only filled the exploring gaps in the onshore-offshore transitional area, and realized the geological and tectonic junction between the sea and the land, but also discovered four local gravity anomalies, 11 fractures and three sags or subsags, and so on. The good geological effect of airborne gravimetry not restricted by terrain condition shows that it can be served as a new geophysical method in the exploration of complex terrain physiognomy area such as mountain, jungle, desert, marsh, onshore-offshore transitional area and so on, and has an extensive application prospect in China in the future. 相似文献
3.
正On 1–5 September 2014,the China Geological Survey Bureau held a 2015–2020 Geology and Mineral Resources Investigation and Assessment Special Planning and Deployment Meeting to plan the next six years in order to invest nearly ten billion US dollars to implement 9 programs and 50 projects with the aim of developing geological survey work,and to play a leading role in ensuring sustained and stable development.1 The Land Energy and Mines Geological Survey Program 相似文献
4.
正Objective The Dayangshu Basin located in eastern Inner Mongolia,is one of the key areas for oil and gas exploration in the periphery of Songliao Basin.So far,this basin has been poorly explored,and the basic geological research is still weak,due to the lack of high-quality paleontologic and stratigraphic data.The previous oil and gas investigations were mainly focused on the Early Cretaceous strata.However,the Late Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the basin also has hydrocarbon potential according to the latest research.In recent oil and gas geological survey,palynological fossils have been discovered from the Nenjiang Formation in the Dayangshu Basin,providing new evidence for biostratigraphic division and correlation. 相似文献
5.
WilliamCavazza ForeseCarloWezel 《《幕》》2003,26(3):160-168
The last twenty-five years of geological investigation of the Mediterranean region have disproved the traditional notion that the Alpine-Himalayan mountain ranges originated from the closure of a single, albeit complex,oceanic domain-the Tethys. Instead, the present-day geological configuration of the Mediterranean region is the result of the creation and ensuing consumption of two major oceanic basins-the Paleotethys and the Neotethys-and of additional smaller oceanic basins within an overall regime of prolonged interaction between the Eurasian and the African-Arabian plates.In greater detail, there is still some debate about exactly what Tethys existed at what time. A consensus exists as to the presence of (i) a mainly Paleozoic paleotethyan ocean north of the Cimmerian continent(s); (ii) a younger late Paleozoic-Mesozoic neotethyan ocean located south of this continent, and finally ; ( iii ) a middle Jurassic ocean, the Alpine Tethys-Valais, an extension of the central Atlantic ocean in the western Tethyan domain. Additional late Paleozoic to Mesozoic back-arc marginal basins along the active Eurasian margin com-plicated somewhat this simple picture. The closure of these heterogeneous oceanic domains produced a sys-tem of connected yet discrete orogenic belts which vary in terms of timing, tectonic setting and internal archi-tecture, and cannot be interpreted as the end product of a single “Alpine“ orogenic cycle.In Neogene time. following prolonged indentation along the Alpine front, a number of small continental microterranes (Kabylies, Balearic Islands, Sardinia-Cor-sica, Calabria) rifted off the Eurooean-lberian continan-tal margin and drifted toward south or southeast, leaving in their wake areas of thinned continental crust (e.g.Valencia Trough) or small oceanic basins (Algerian,Provencal and Tyrrhenian basins). The E Mediterranean is similarly characterized by widespread Neogene exten-sional tectonism, as indicated by thinning of continental crust along low-angle detachment faults in the Aegean Sea and the periaegean regions. Overall, Neogene exten-sion in the Mediterranean can be explained as the result of roll-back of the N-dipping subducting slab along the lonian-E Mediterranean subduction zones. The complex Neogene geologic scenario of the Mediterranean is com-plicated further by the deposition of widespread evapor-ites during Messinian (late Miocene) time. 相似文献
6.
INTRODUCTION The author began his work in Shansi since 1919. The main aim of his work, as was the instruetiou of Dr. V K. Ting, director of The Geological Survey, was to survey a geological map on the scale of one to one million and examine the coal and iron resources which were known as exceptionally 相似文献
7.
There are numerous controversies surrounding the tectonic properties and evolution of the Proto-South China Sea(PSCS).By combining data from previously published works with our geological and paleontological observations of the South China Sea(SCS),we propose that the PSCS should be analyzed within two separate contexts:its paleogeographic location and the history of its oceanic crust.With respect to its paleogeographic location,the tectonic properties of the PSCS vary widely from the Triassic to the mid-Late Cretaceous.In the Triassic,the Paleo-Tethys and the Paleo-Pacific Oceans were the major causes of tectonic changes in the SCS,while the PCSC may have been a remnant sea residing upon Tethys or Paleo-Pacific oceanic crust.In the Jurassic,the Meso-Tethys and the Paleo-Pacific oceans joined,creating a PSCS back-arc basin consisting of Meso-Tethys and/or Paleo-Pacific oceanic crust.From the Early Cretaceous to the midLate Cretaceous,the Paleo-Pacific Ocean was the main tectonic body affecting the SCS;the PSCS may have been a marginal sea or a back-arc basin with Paleo-Pacific oceanic crust.With respect to its oceanic crust,due to the subduction and retreat of the Paleo-Pacific plate in Southeast Asia at the end of the Late Cretaceous,the SCS probably produced new oceanic crust,which allowed the PSCS to formally emerge.At this time,the PSCS was most likely a combination of a new marginal sea and a remnant sea;its oceanic crust,which eventually subducted and became extinct,consisted of both new oceanic crust and remnant oceanic crust from the Paleo-Pacific Ocean.In the present day,the remnant PSCS oceanic crust is located in the southwestern Nansha Trough. 相似文献
8.
<正>Since 2015,the China Geological Survey has implemented a major program of"Geology Survey of Land Energy Mineral Resources".Till now,a total of billions of RMB have been invested and seven engineering projects have been established,all of which has greatly enhanced the geological survey and exploration of China’s continental shale gas in an attempt 相似文献
9.
MeiHongbo HuGuangdao ChinJian~o LiZhenhua 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(3):265-268
MORPAS is a special GIS (geographic information system) software system, based on the MAPGIS platform whose aim is to prospect and evaluate mineral resources quantificationally by synthesizing geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing data. It overlays geological database management, geological background and geological abnormality analysis, image processing of remote sensing and comprehensive abnormality analysis, etc.. It puts forward and integrative solution for the application of GIS in basic-level units and the construction of information engineering in the geological field. As the polularization of computer networks and the request of data sharing, it is necessary to extend its funictions in data management so that all its data files can be accessed in the network server. The paper utilizes some MAPGIS functions for the second development and ADO (access data object) technique to qccess multi-source geological data in SQL Server databases. Then remote visiting and congruous management will be realized in the MORPAS system. 相似文献
10.
3-D Geological Modeling–Concept, Methods and Key Techniques 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
3-D geological modeling plays an increasingly important role in Petroleum Geology, Mining Geology and Engineering Geology. The complexity of geological conditions requires different modeling methods in different situations. This paper summarizes the general concept of geological modeling; compares the characteristics of borehole-based modeling, cross-section based modeling and multi-source interactive modeling; analyses key techniques in 3-D geological modeling; and highlights the main difficulties and directions of future studies. 相似文献
11.
Development of Geological Data Warehouse 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LiZhenhua HuGuangdao ZhangZhenfei 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(3):261-264
Data warehouse (DW), a new technology invented in 1990s, is more useful for integrating and analyzing massive data than traditional database. Its application in geology field can be divided into 3 phrases: 1992-1996, commercial data warehouse (CDW) appeared; 1996-1999, geological data warehouse (GDW) appeared and the geologists or geographers realized the importance of DW and began the studies on it, but the practical DW still followed the framework of DB; 2000 to present, geological data warehouse grows, and the theory of geo-spatial data warehouse (GSDW) has been developed but the research in geological area is still deficient except that in geography. Although some developments of GDW have been made, its core still follows the CDW-organizing data by time and brings about 3 problems: difficult to integrate the geological data, for the data feature more space than time; hard to store the massive data in fifferent levels due to the same reason; hardly support the spatial analysis if the data are organized by time as CDW does. So the GDW should be redesigned by organizing data by scale in order to store mass data in different levels and synthesize the data in different granularities, and choosing space control points to replace the former time control points so as to integrate different types of data by the method of storing one type data as one layer and then to superpose the layers. In addition, data cube, a wide used technology in CDW, will be no use in GDW, for the causality among the geological data is not so obvious as commercial data, as the data are the mixed result of many complex rules, and their analysis needs the special geological methods and software; on the other hand, data cube for mass and complex geo-data will devour too much store space to be practical. On this point, the main purpose of GDW may be fit for data integration unlike CDW for data analysis. 相似文献
12.
BassamFAIBassam 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(1):52-58
Landsat TM digital spectral data of Lancang-Jinghong area (Yunnan Province) has been used for the purpose of geological interpretation. To meet this object, different image processing tech-niques including selected band color composites, principal component analysis and IHS decorrelation stretching are used to improve the discrimination of different lithologicai and structural features in the area. It was found that IHS decorrelation stretching images obtained from the transformation of false color composite 741 (in red, green and blue) provided the best results based on the original data. By combining the characteristics of images produced by different approaches and other canonically trans-formed images with available geological data and surface observations, the geological interpretation could be done with satisfactory degree of accuracy. 相似文献
13.
A comprehensive aerial remote sensing survey was carried out over the Tengchong area in western Yunnan by the research workers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences during Nov. 1978 -Apr. 1979. Geological interpretation was made of the aerial black-and-white and color imagery obtained based on the tones, colors, landforms (including geometry, surface features, arrangement correlations, etc.), indicating that the major lithologic units in the Tengchong area covered by vegetations could be distinguished. In terms of faultimerpretation indicators in conjunction with geological investigations and laboratory research, mantle faults,basement faults and crust-lithosphere faults were differentiated in the Tengchong area. Finally, a general picture of the geological history of this area is outlined with the help of the rock body-structure interpretation map. 相似文献
14.
DING Xiaozhong HAN Kunying PANG Jianfeng WANG Liang HAN Tonglin JU Yuanjing DING Weicui 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(6):1643-1657
Based on the CCD images,IIM data and DEM data of China＇s lunar exploration project （Chang＇E-Ⅰ） and related processed and analytic results,an integrated study of regional geology of Sinus Iridum and its adjacent area was conducted,and a series of relevant researches and analyses were carried out,including analysis of impact craters and their extrusive and accumulative materials,division of stratigraphic and tectonic units and classification of rock types,integrated analysis of chronology and lunar evolution history.In consideration of crater＇s shape features,quantity and preserving status of filling materials,the lunar impact craters can be divided into 7 types and 11 subtypes,and the accumulative materials of craters are divided into 6 types and 9 accumulative groups.According to the content and distribution of TiO2 and image characteristics,the basalts are divided into high-TiO2,medium-TiO2 and low-TiO2 basalts.Discussion was made on division of tectonic units and evolution features in the study area.The geological map of the Sinus Iridum Quadrangle （LQ-4） at a scale of 1∶2.5 M was preliminarily compiled with the ArcGIS system,and the spatial database of the map was established.Related technical specification,procedure and method for lunar geological mapping have been worked out,so as to lay a foundation for the forthcoming geological mapping of the global Moon in China by using the data of Chang＇E-Ⅱ and also for comprehensive study and geological mapping of other celestial bodies in the future. 相似文献
15.
Chen Junren Li Tinghuan Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey MGMR Guangzhou Jiang Minxi 《《地质学报》英文版》1993,67(3)
Various types of geological hazards exist in the South China Sea. In dynamics sense, they can be categorized into 5 principal genetic types related to effects of hydraulic dynamics, gaseous activity, soil mechanics, gravity and tectonism, respectively. Integrated analyses indicate that the geological hazards associated with volcanoes, earthquakes and fractures are mainly distributed in tectonically active regions, whereas those resulting from mudflows, landslides and diapirs are usually concentrated in the region of slope, that shallow gas, high pressure gas pockets and soft intercalations are major potential geological hazards in the inner shelf, and that strong hydraulic dynamics, especially storm tide, is one of the major causes of geological hazards in the littoral areas. The geological hazards that occurred in the South China Sea are also characterized by periodicity, succession and, to a certain extent, unpredictability in addition to regionalization. 相似文献
16.
XU Yadong ZHANG Kexin HE Weihong YU Yang KOU Xiaohu SONG Bowen LUO Mansheng WANG Lijun MA Zhongjie YANG Fengli 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(4):914-941
The continent of China developed through the coalescence of three major cratons(North China, Tarim and Yangtze) and continental micro-blocks through the processes of oceanic crust disappearance and acceretionary-collision of continental crusts. The strata of the Chinese continental landmass are subdivided into 12 tectonic-strata regions. Based on the composition of geological features among the three main cratons, continental micro-blocks and other major global cratons, their affinities can be preliminarily deduced during the Tonian period, using evidence from sedimentary successions, paleobiogeography, tectonic and magmatic events. The Yangtze and Tarim cratons show that they have close affinities during the assembly-dispersal milestone of the Rodinia Supercontinent. The sedimentary record and magmatic age populations in the blocks suggest that there was a widespread, intensive magmatic event that resulted from a subduction process during ～1000–820 Ma, related to continental rifting around the Yangtze and Tarim cratons. However, they differ greatly from the North China Craton. The continental micro-blocks in the Panthalassic Ocean could have some missing connection with the North China Craton that persisted until the Middle-Late Devonian. In contrast, the Alxa Block showed a strong affinity with the Tarim Craton. The revised Tonian paleogeography of the Rodinia Supercontinent is a good demonstration of how to show the relationship between the main cratons and the continental micro-blocks. 相似文献
17.
There are two kinds of research methods in geological ob-servation study.One is the remote-sensing observation.Theother is the partial sampling method extensively used in everystage of the geological work,for example,in arranging thelines and points of geologic survey,and in arranging the ex-ploration engineering.Three problems may occur in practicalapplication of the sampling method:(1 ) Though we use thepartial sampling method in geological work,we must makeuse of many labor powers,materials… 相似文献
18.
This work is intended to explore a fast and effective apoproach to the determination of various trace elements in geological samples throuth improvement and simplification of the method developed by Reynolds (1963,1967),Absorption correction was made for the Fe content to eliminate the effect caused by inconsistency in mass absorption coefficients among the samples.A computer-aid regression analysis was performed on a number of standards of various compositions,which resulted in a set of calibration equations for directly converting X-ray intensities to concentrations.An analytical error of 10-30% was involved in the analyses of most elements. 相似文献
19.
《《地质学报》英文版》1989,63(2)
The original locations and relationships of four plates within the mainland of China from 800 to 600 Ma during the terminal Precambrian were reconstructed based on the palaeomagnetic and geological data. The Tarim, Yangtze and Cathaysian plates were once linked (in 800-700 Ma) and located in the same low-latitude zone of the northern hemisphere. But later, in 700-600 Ma, the Tarim plate was separated from the Yangtze-Cathaysian plate. The Sino-Korean plate was always far away from the Yangtze plate, both being separated by oceanic crust, and lay in the high-latitude zone of the northern hemisphere.The above-mentioned palaeogeographic framework directly led to complete differences in respect to distribution of low-latitude glaciation, sedimentary facies, palaeoclimate, palaeobiogeography and stratigraphic sections between the North and South China domains during the terminal Precambrian. 相似文献
20.
Bjoern Sundquist Ilmari Haapala Jens Morten Hansen Geir Hestmark Sigurdur Steinthorsson 《《幕》》2008,31(1):185-192
The Nordic countries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden have been closely connected for many centuries, not least from a geological point of view. Scientific cooperation as well as contentions have been common. The earliest known records of ＂geological＂ treatises are from the 16th century, but especially in the 18th century, when the natural sciences flourished all over Europe, Nordic scholars were in the forefront in geochemistry, mineralogy, and paleontology. This was also the century when ＂geology＂ started to be taught at the universities, and science academies were founded in Norden, adding greatly to ＂geological＂ studies. In the 19th century, like in so many other countries, national geological survey organizations and geological societies were founded. In Norden, geological research has long traditions within mineralogy and ore geology, paleontology and stratigraphy, tectonics and structural geology. During the last century, focus has turned also to Quaternary and glacial geology, igneous and metamorphic petrology, geochemistry, micropaleontology, petroleum geology, sedimentology, marine geology, geophysics, geochronology, and research related to geothermal energy and deposition of radioactive waste products. In many of these research areas, Nordic geoscientists have contributed greatly over the years to the development of the science of geology. 相似文献