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四川大梁子铅锌矿床单颗粒闪锌矿铷 锶测年及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大梁子铅锌矿床位于扬子地台西南缘、甘洛—小江深大断裂带西缘,是中国川滇黔地区重要的大型铅锌矿床之一,其金属储量为180万吨（Pb+Zn）,平均品位为1145%。铅锌矿体产于灯影组顶部,严格受近南北向断层控制。本文首次采用超低本底单颗粒闪锌矿RbSr同位素测年方法,测得大梁子铅锌矿床成矿年龄为（3663±77）Ma,代表了矿床的主成矿阶段年龄。通过地球动力背景探讨,认为该矿床的形成可能与晚加里东期扬子地台西缘构造活动有关。锶同位素初始比值测试结果表明大梁子铅锌矿床成矿物质来源可能主要源自围岩碳酸盐岩或基底地层。 相似文献
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扬子地台西缘大梁子铅锌矿床是川滇黔铅锌矿集区具代表性的大型矿床之一,矿体主要赋存于震旦系灯影组白云岩中,矿石矿物主要为闪锌矿和方铅矿,脉石矿物主要为白云石、石英和方解石。大梁子铅锌矿床可划分闪锌矿-黄铁矿-炭质、闪锌矿-方铅矿和方铅矿-黄铜矿-碳酸盐三个成矿阶段。H-O同位素及流体包裹体研究表明,成矿流体为中–低温(均一温度在117.5～320.3℃)及中-低盐度(盐度范围为5.11%～18.96%NaCl_(eqv))的盆地卤水,有机质参与成矿。灯影组白云岩与海相沉积碳酸盐岩具有相似的C、O同位素组成,而热液方解石C、O同位素组成均稍低于灯影组白云岩,可能是海相碳酸盐岩溶解与有机质共同作用的结果。矿区硫化物δ~(34)S值为9.8‰～20.8‰,结合成矿温度,S主要形成于灯影组海相硫酸盐的热化学还原作用。矿石硫化物的Pb同位素比值在Pb演化图解上主要落在上地壳与造山带之间,表明Pb具有壳源特征,成矿物质可能主要来源于围岩,部分来自于基底地层。热液方解石及闪锌矿的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i比值均高于围岩,表明成矿流体可能流经了具有高(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i比值的基底地层,并与其发生水岩反应及同位素交换。综上,大梁子铅锌矿床成矿流体具有盆地卤水特征,盆地卤水在运移过程中萃取了基底及围岩中的Pb、Zn等成矿物质,成矿流体运移至矿区"黑破带"时,在有机质作用下发生TSR作用,形成还原S,导致Pb、Zn等金属沉淀成矿。 相似文献
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川滇黔层控型铅锌矿成矿特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
扬子地台西缘，凉山．昆明坳陷及其东侧，于川滇黔三省交接部位，广泛分布古生代层控型铅锌矿床，经历沉积与改造等成矿阶段，具有多成因复源的成矿特征。 相似文献
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马元铅锌矿床位于扬子地台北缘,米仓山隆起带东段,是扬子地台周缘地区重要的铅锌矿床之一。矿体赋存于震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩中,矿石中见大量沥青与闪锌矿、方铅矿紧密共伴生。为探讨马元铅锌矿床中有机质对铅锌成矿的作用,对矿床中的沥青、矿石及围岩进行了系统的矿相学、岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼成分分析及碳同位素研究。结果表明: 矿床中有机包裹体发育,且有机包裹体中含有甲烷、乙烷、硫化氢、二氧化碳等组分;包裹体均一温度、沥青的镜质体反射率所计算的演化最大古地温与碳同位素特征显示,矿床中的有机质可能是由震旦系灯影组地层中的古油藏发生热裂解形成,古油藏的热裂解为成矿作用提供了还原环境,并为成矿流体中的金属离子沉淀提供了还原硫。 相似文献
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云南会泽铅锌矿床位于扬子板块西缘川黔滇铅锌银多金属成矿域的中南部,严格受断裂带的控制.流体包裹体、铅同位素和锶同位素的证据表明,成矿流体为不同性质流体的混合物,具有多源性.大部分矿物流体包裹体均一温度变化于150～250℃之间,部分包裹体大于300℃;盐度变化范围5%～21%,w(NaC1)平均为13.24%;密度0.546～1.129 g/cm3;均一瞬间压力145×105～754×105Pa;成矿深度2 200～2 450 m.流体混合后,由于大幅度的降压作用,使得成矿流体发生沸腾,流体产生过饱和,并最终导致金属矿物的析出.因此,这明显有别于MVT矿床,是一个新型的铅锌矿床. 相似文献
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江家垭铅锌矿床位于扬子地台东南缘,红岩溪背斜轴部,是湘西—鄂西铅锌成矿带重要的铅锌矿床之一,铅锌矿体呈似层状和脉状,受地层与构造的控制,主要产于下奥陶统南津关组砂屑灰岩中。文章首次采用超低本底石英Rb-Sr同位素测年方法,对湘西龙山江家垭铅锌矿床主成矿期形成的富铅锌石英脉进行了等时线年龄测定,获得成矿年龄为(372±9.8)Ma,n(87Sr)/n(86Sr)=(0.709409±0.000058)。通过成矿地质背景探讨,认为该矿床的形成与晚泥盆世华南地区发生的拉张断陷导致的盆地流体大规模运动有关。锶同位素初始比值测试结果表明江家垭铅锌矿床成矿物质来源可能主要源自围岩碳酸盐岩,成矿过程中陆壳的影响较为明显。 相似文献
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四川大梁子铅锌矿成矿物质来源与成矿机制：硫、碳、 氢、氧、锶同位素及闪锌矿微量元素制约 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
大梁子铅锌矿床位于扬子地台西南缘,是川滇黔多金属成矿带中大型铅锌矿床之一,其金属储量(Pb+Zn)为180万吨,平均品位11.45%。本文在闪锌矿微量元素地球化学和系统总结S、H、O、C、Sr同位素研究结果的基础上,分析了成矿流体、金属的来源,并探讨了成矿机制。研究结果表明:大梁子矿区闪锌矿Ge/In、Ga/In的比值较大(远大于100),并富集As、Sb和Ag等元素,指示出了成矿温度属于中-低温范畴,有别于矽卡岩型、岩浆热液型铅锌矿床。成矿流体中δ18O水的变化范围为-6.02‰～3.31‰,δD的变化范围为-74.6‰～-40.3‰,推测成矿流体可能起源于大气降水和变质水(建造水)混合。主要脉石矿物热液方解石、白云石δ13C V-PDB值介于-3.5‰～+1.4‰之间,平均值为-1.23‰;δ18O V-SMOW值介于+11.6‰～+18.1‰之间,平均值为14.88‰;表明成矿流体中的CO2为震旦系碳酸盐岩的溶解成因,但受围岩有机碳及大气降水影响强烈。研究区矿石矿物方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿的δ34S众值出现在10‰～20‰之间;硫酸盐矿物的δ34S为20.2‰～38.7‰,表明还原硫主要来自地层中海相硫酸盐的还原。闪锌矿87Sr/86Sr i的变化范围为0.707137～0.714588,均值0.711951,高于赋矿围岩震旦系灯影组白云岩锶同位素比值(0.70834～0.70861),表明成矿流体可能流经了围岩碳酸盐岩层与基底地层,并与之进行了水岩反应及同位素交换。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献