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1.
猫场铝土矿位于黔中清镇—修文铝土矿区,矿体产于下石炭统九架炉组,上覆摆佐组白云岩,下伏中上寒武统娄山关群白云岩,矿床成因类型为古风化壳沉积型.为了探讨猫场铝土矿成矿环境和成矿物质来源,为猫场矿区乃至黔中地区铝土矿资源的开发利用提供基础研究资料,我们对矿区铝土矿、顶底板铝土岩或粘土岩及围岩白云岩进行了主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学研究.结果显示,矿石成分主要为Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3和TiO2,含矿岩系富集Li、V、Ga、Sc、Nb、Ta、Th、Hf、Zr、Y和REE等微量元素.微量元素含量和比值(Th、Sr/Ba、Th/U)分析表明,矿区铝土矿形成于海陆交替的沉积环境,以陆相沉积为主,成矿过程为氧化还原交替的沉积环境.通过稳定元素(Al2O3/TiO2、Al2O3/Zr、TiO2/Nb、Zr/Nb、Zr/Ta、Zr/Hf和Ta/Nb)相关性分析和稀土球粒陨石标准化配分模式判断,矿区物源可能为下伏中上寒武统娄山关群白云岩. 相似文献
2.
贵州务- 正- 道地区铝土矿含矿岩系中三稀元素赋存状态、富集机理及资源潜力 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黔北务-正-道地区铝土矿含矿岩系为下二叠统大竹园组,与下伏志留系下统韩家店组或上石炭统黄龙组及上覆中二叠统梁山组均呈假整合接触,古沉积环境主要为浅湖相,矿床成因属古风化壳沉积型。勘查实践及研究表明:①含铝岩系的各类岩石、矿石中均富含Li、Ga、Sc、REE等三稀元素,在空间分布及不同矿石中含量变化大,相差1～3个数量级。Li在研究区东、西两侧含量相对高,常富集于含矿岩系上部及矿体中致密块状、豆鲕状矿石中;Ga在研究区北侧及含矿岩系中部较富集,Sc在道真沙坝—平木山一带富集程度高,在含矿岩系中含量变化小;REE相对富集于南部、显著富集于含矿岩系的下部。②含矿岩系形成于古赤道附近气候温湿、开放的氧化环境,铝矿物及高岭石、蒙脱石等富铝黏土矿物丰富,促进Li、Ga、Sc和REE等三稀元素以离子吸附态形式随铝土矿脱硅、去铁、降硫的成矿过程同迁移、同富集;同时由于Li、Ga、Sc、REE等三稀元素与Al、Zr、Ti、Nb、Ta、Hf、Ti、Cr、Th、U等亲石元素离子半径相近,地球化学性质相似,在铝土矿成矿过程中可能部分以类质同象形式赋存。③次生淋滤改造作用及环境pH变化,是促进独立稀土矿物形成及REE在含矿岩系底部富集的重要因素,含矿岩系下部的富稀土层中应有大量稀土以独立矿物存在(特别是∑REE800×10~(-6)的地段);古沉积环境、成岩成矿期后的地形地貌及构造运动影响约束了Li、Ga、Sc和REE的不均匀分布。④以含铝岩系为评价对象,研究区Li、Ga、Sc资源潜力及潜在经济价值巨大。 相似文献
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《西北地质》2018,(4)
砂子塘铝土矿床以Al_2O_3含量高、A/S值高为特征,是滇东南地区少有高品质铝土矿床。笔者以砂子塘铝土矿床沉积型铝土矿为研究对象,研究了该矿床沉积型铝土矿的地球化学特征,进而对其成矿物质来源、成矿环境进行了讨论。含铝岩系的稀土总量总体较高,具中等程度的Eu负异常,具Ce正异常和Ce负异常;稀土配分曲线均为向右倾斜的弱"V"字型曲线,斜率不等,反映稀土元素分馏程度不等。含铝岩系明显富集大离子亲石元素U、高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th和亲铁元素Cr,其余元素则明显亏损。含铝岩系之中伴生有黑色金属Ti、稀土元素、分散元素Ga、稀有金属Nb和Li,可以与Al_2O_3一起综合利用。聚类分析显示,Al_2O_3与Nb、TiO_2、REE呈正相关,而与Ga、Fe_2O_3、Li呈负相关。含铝岩系灰岩标准化曲线为近水平的"U"字型曲线,含铝岩系的钛率(16.89)与下伏威宁组灰岩的钛率(13.09)接近,说明含铝岩系与下伏的威宁组灰岩关系密切。含铝岩系的Be含量低(3.60×10~(-6)),Th/U较高(6.07),多具Ce负异常,说明砂子塘铝土矿床来源于风化壳,后又经历了沉积作用的改造;Ga含量高(25.25×10~(-6)),Sr含量低(77.7×10~(-6)),Ba含量低(34.4×10~(-6)),V/Zr值较低(0.22),Eu/Sm值较低(0.21),显示出陆相沉积的特征;Sr/Ba值高(3.28),显示出海相沉积的特征。这预示着砂子塘铝土矿床的成矿物质来源于古风化壳,沉积作用改造不明显。 相似文献
4.
红黄铝土矿位于黔中修文铝土矿成矿带,矿体产于石炭系下统九架炉组,呈似层状、层状产于寒武系中-上统娄山关组白云岩之上,石炭系下统摆佐组灰岩之下,矿床成因类型为古风化壳沉积型。矿石自然类型以碎屑状为主。含铝岩系中主量元素以Al_2O_3、SiO_2、TFe_2O_3及LOI(烧失量)为主,BaO、K_2O、Na_2O、P_2O_5等含量相对较低, SiO_2、TFe_2O_3与Al_2O_3呈不显著的负相关关系,TiO_2与Al_2O_3呈显著的正相关关系;微量元素Zr、Sr、V、Li、Ga、Sc等含量相对较高,Sn、Ta、W、Be、Pb、Cs等含量相对较低;环境敏感要素Th含量及Th/U比值表明铝土矿主要形成于半咸水-淡水沉积环境,成矿作用可能是由沉积混杂和风化沉积作用形成;Sr/Ba比值表明铝土矿经过海陆交互沉积。含铝岩系中ΣREE值较高,ΣLREE/ΣHREE比值为1.4■5.71,表现为轻稀土比重稀土富集,具有δEu负异常、δCe异常不明显的特征。含铝岩系Ce/Ce*=1.0■2.8,平均1.91,表明含铝岩系主要形成于富氧的沉积环境。综合研究表明,本区寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩为铝土矿提供了丰富的成矿母质,古喀斯特岩溶盆地为铝土矿沉积提供了有利场所和剥蚀风化条件,后期构造作用和风化淋滤作用造成硅铁流失和铝的富集,最终形成优质铝土矿床。 相似文献
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黔东北沿河大竹园萤石矿赋存于下奥陶统桐梓组及红花园组碳酸盐岩内,受NW向断裂构造控制。该类萤石矿床在黔东北及渝东南一带广泛分布。本文对该萤石矿床的萤石单矿物及围岩进行了微量元素及稀土元素地球化学分析,结果显示萤石的微量元素仅Pb、Zn、Co、Ni等元素含量相对较高,Rb、Sr、Ta、Zr、Nb、V、Cr、U、Th、Hf等元素含量仅为地壳值的0.01~0.05倍。稀土元素含量很低(∑REE=2.35×10–6~4.80×10–6),相对富集轻稀土元素(LREE/HREE=3.12~6.33),具有Eu正、负异常(δEu=0.59~1.59)和Ce负异常(δCe=0.80~0.96)。萤石与赋矿围岩具有相近的微量元素配分型式,均明显亏损Nb、Zr、Hf等元素,富集Ba、U、Sr等元素。萤石与赋矿碳酸盐岩都具有轻稀土相对富集、重稀土相对亏损,明显右倾的REE配分型式。综合分析认为该萤石矿的成矿物质Ca主要来源于碳酸盐岩围岩;而碳酸盐岩围岩的F元素含量很低,结合萤石的微量元素及δEu、δCe值特征,暗示形成萤石的成矿流体经过了深部演化,成矿物质F可能主要来自深部富F地层。 相似文献
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滇东南地区铝土矿资源丰富。本文以滇东南沉积型铝土矿为对象,研究了铝土矿的地球化学特征,进而对其成矿物质来源进行了讨论。含铝岩系之中富含稀土元素、分散元素镓、黑色金属元素钛和稀土金属元素铌,均已达到工业开采要求。含铝岩系的稀土总量总体较高,但样品之间稀土总量差别较大;具中等程度的铕负异常;铈异常较为复杂,具铈正异常和铈负异常;稀土配分曲线均为向右倾斜的弱"V"字型曲线,斜率不等,反映稀土元素分馏程度不等;稀土配分曲线特征与下伏咸宁组灰岩的稀土曲线特征一致,说明含铝岩系与下伏威宁组灰岩关系密切。含铝岩系明显富集大离子亲石元素Li、U、高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、过渡元素V、Cr、Ti和分散元素Ga,其余元素则明显亏损。野外观察发现含铝岩系直接在风化壳上沉积,含铝岩系具复杂的铈异常和中等的Th/U比值(3~7)、高的Sr/Ba比值(1)以及高钛率值(3.41~44.02)。这些特征说明滇东南铝土矿的成矿物质主要来源于下伏威宁组灰岩风化形成的风化壳,沉积作用起到了对风化壳上成矿物质的改造作用。 相似文献
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贵州清镇蔡家坝铝土矿床赋矿层位为下石炭统九架炉组（C1jj）,下伏地层中-上寒武统清虚洞组(∈2-3q)。本研究以九架炉组含铝岩系与顶底板为主要研究对象,通过对Be、Th、U、Sr、Ba、V、Ni、Cr、Zr等沉积环境指示性较强的微量元素以及稀土元素测试分析,结合Th/U、Ni/Cr、Sr/Ba等二元图解和稀土元素标准化图解综合研究,探讨研究区铝土矿床的物质来源、成矿环境及稀土分异控制因素。研究结果表明：1)研究区铝土矿床形成于以陆相沉积为主,海陆交互的还原环境,成矿作用为风化—沉积成因,有异地沉积等成矿物质多源特征,下伏中-上寒武统清虚洞组为矿区物源之一;2)研究区含铝岩系ΣREE值最高831.63×10-6,ΣLREE/ΣHREE比值为4.68～13.77,表现为轻稀土富集型;3) pH值、粘土矿物以及Fe矿物可能共同主导了蔡家坝含铝岩系中REE的富集以及LREE和HREE的分异。 相似文献
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小兴安岭北部二龙山林场辉长岩的主量、微量和稀土元素的测试分析结果显示: 二龙山辉长岩为钙碱性系列、偏铝质岩石; δEu 正异常,Sr 元素含量富集明显,具有堆晶辉长岩特征; Rb /Sr、Nb / Ta、LILE/HFSE、Th /Ta、Nb /U 和Nb /La 比值特征均显示,辉长岩岩浆来自受到俯冲流体交代的地幔源区。Nb /Zr、Th /Nb、Th /Ta 和Ta /Hf 比值特征及对Th /Hf --Ta /Hf 构造环境判别图解投点表明,二龙山辉长岩形成于陆内拉张环境。 相似文献
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山西省石墙区铝土矿地质与地球化学特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[摘 要]山西省原平市石墙区铝土矿属于典型的喀斯特型铝土矿。含矿岩系自下而上包括铁质粘土层、铝土矿层、粘土层,且含矿岩系一般包含两个明显的沉积旋回。矿体主体呈层状、似层状产出,矿石结构以隐晶质结构为主,局部出现碎屑和豆鲕粒结构。矿石构造大都为块状构造。矿物学分析显示,硬水铝石、针铁矿、锐钛矿、高岭石是主要的组成矿物,另外还含有石英、伊利石、绿泥石等矿物。地球化学分析显示,主量元素主要包括Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3、H2O+及TiO2,微量元素中碱性和碱土元素Li、Sr、Be、Cs、Ba 及酸土元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、W 均表现为明显富集,且Zr 和Hf 之间以及Nb 和Ta 之间具有高度的相关性。地球化学指标Zr/ Hf、Nb/ Ta 以及Eu/ Eu*- TiO2/ Al2O3图解显示,底板碳酸盐岩是山西省原平市石墙区铝土矿的重要源岩。 相似文献
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通过对贵州务川大竹园铝土矿床的研究,发现矿床中伴生镓的含量普遍超过了工业综合利用的最低指标。Ga在含铝岩系中均有不同程度的分布,Ga与TiO2、Cr、Zr、Sn呈中等正相关关系,说明Ga可能赋存于含TiO2、Cr、Zr、Sn的矿物中; Ga与Al2O3呈弱正相关关系,说明Ga可能以类质同象的形式存在于Al的化合物中。Sr/Ba=1.09~19.69>1,表明铝土矿形成于海相沉积环境; Th/U=1.72~12.31,表明铝土矿可能风化作用不彻底; Ga/Al=0.45~1.84,表明成矿介质酸碱度的变化幅度较小。从含矿岩系矿物组合中含黄铁矿、高岭石等矿物可以推断介质为酸性的可能性较大; 稀土元素(rare earth element, REE)球粒陨石标准化分布曲线向右倾斜,轻稀土元素(LREE)富集,重稀土元素(HREE)亏损,δCe显示为弱正异常,Ce/Ce*=1.17~10.17>1,表明铝土矿形成于富氧的沉积环境,δEu显示为负异常,进一步表明成矿是以氧化环境为主。综合分析认为大竹园铝土矿床形成于以海相沉积作用为主的富氧的沉积环境。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
18.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献