共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
苏拉威西岛位于欧亚、太平洋和印度-澳大利亚板块的交汇处,经历了复杂的构造演化历史,保存了大量中-新生代岩浆记录。本研究对北苏拉威西中部闪长岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素、全岩元素-同位素地球化学研究。研究显示,闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为10.32±0.44 Ma和9.87±0.11 Ma,形成于晚中新世。样品SiO2含量为53.81%～59.90%,MgO为3.27%～4.27%,K2O为0.48%～1.22%,A/CNK=0.86～0.92,Mg#为47～49,属高镁中钾钙碱性闪长岩。该闪长岩以富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素、亏损高场强元素为特征,具明显Nb-Ta和Ti负异常,轻微Eu负异常（Eu/Eu*=0.78～0.96）。闪长岩(87Sr/86Sr)i值变化于0.70498～0.70509之间,εNd（t）值变化于+5.6～+5.7之间,锆石原位εHf（t）值为+11.2... 相似文献
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西藏冈底斯成矿带鸡公村地区发育有强烈的基性岩浆活动,但其成因尚未得到系统约束。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学结果显示,鸡公村地区辉长岩成岩年龄为48.2±0.3 Ma,形成于始新世,与区内发育的Mo-Re成矿作用(22 Ma)没有成因联系。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,这些辉长岩具有高w(Al2O3)(17.78%～18.63%)、w(K2O)(0.90%～1.76%),低TiO2特征,且相对富集LILEs(Ba, Sr, Rb等),相对亏损HFSEs(Zr, Ta, Nb等),显示弧岩浆特征。锆石εHf(t)值在10.0～13.4之间,全岩(87Sr/86Sr)ⅰ同位素值在0.704 4～0.704 8之间,εNd(t)值在1.6～2.2之间。这些岩石地球化学与同位素特征指示鸡公村地区辉长岩起源于被俯冲流体交代的岩石圈地幔。结合区域构造演化,本次研究认为鸡公村地区辉长岩形成于新特提斯洋壳... 相似文献
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西藏冈底斯中段晚侏罗世许如错花岗岩的岩石成因对理解特提斯洋演化具有重要的意义。本次系统研究了许如错地区似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素、全岩元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素。许如错花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为152.3±0.7 Ma,形成于晚侏罗世。SiO2和Al2O3质量分数较高,平均值分别为71.3%和14.2%,铝饱和指数（A/CNK）较高（1.10～1.23）,属于强过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石;富集大离子亲石元素（Rb, Th和K）、轻稀土元素和Pb等;亏损高场强元素（Nb, Ta, Ti和P）,重稀土元素,Eu, Sr和Ba等。锆石εHf（t）值（-12.5～-16.9）、全岩87Sr/86Sr（t）初始值（0.715～0.717）、εNd（t）值（-14.2～-14.5）和Pb同位素初始值(208Pb/204Pb（t）,207 相似文献
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对新疆库鲁克塔格西段乌斯腾高勒东南橄榄辉长岩进行系统的锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学及Sr?Nd?Hf同位素研究,确定了岩石成因,并探讨其构造背景及地质意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,橄榄辉长岩结晶年龄为410.3±5.7 Ma （MSWD = 0.56）,属早泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。全岩地球化学表明,岩石具有高Al2O3 和CaO、贫碱、低P2O5和TiO2的特征,属于低钾拉斑系列;岩石具有较高的Mg#值（72.27～75.04）、明显的Eu正异常（δEu = 1.12～1.38）,其轻稀土元素轻微富集,重稀土元素相对平缓;微量元素蛛网图上岩石富集大离子亲石元素（如Rb、Ba、K、Sr）和Pb元素,亏损高场强元素（如Nb、Ta、P、Ti）。全岩Sr 同位素初始比值（87Sr/86Sr）i值（0.703 663～0.704 013）相对较小,εNd（t）值（-2.32～+4.98）变化范围较大,锆石εHf（t）值为+7.8～+12.5。该岩体为俯冲板片流体改造过的相对较浅、对应于尖晶石二辉橄榄岩稳定区域的亏损地幔楔部分熔融,部分熔融比例在2%～10%之间,其母岩浆形成过程中遭受低程度的地壳物质混染,并经历了斜长石的堆晶作用和较弱的橄榄石和单斜辉石的结晶分异作用。结合区域已有地质资料,本文认为塔里木北缘库鲁克塔格地区在古生代中期经历了南天山洋南向俯冲过程,橄榄辉长岩产于主动大陆边缘环境,该时期大陆地壳生长方式为垂向生长,指示塔里木北缘具有增生造山带的属性。 相似文献
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西藏南部的中新世含暗色微粒包体的富钾埃达克质岩被认为是之前的大陆地壳在石榴子石稳定压力下发生部分熔融的熔体与同时期的幔源超钾质火山岩发生岩浆混合或混杂的产物。为检验这一观点,本文对雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段仲巴微地体内的中新世马莜木富钾埃达克质岩及其内的暗色微粒包体开展了岩石学、锆石U-Pb定年、矿物电子探针分析以及全岩主微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素测试等方面的工作。结果显示暗色微粒包体和富钾埃达克质岩具有相似的结晶年龄(～17.5 Ma)、矿物组合(石英+长石+角闪石+黑云母)和矿物成分,但暗色微粒包体比富钾埃达克质岩含更多的角闪石和黑云母,且具有比富钾埃达克质岩低的K2O和SiO2以及高的MgO、TiO2和P2O5含量。除此之外,富钾埃达克质岩和暗色微粒包体还表现出相似的全岩Sr-Nd同位素组成：富钾埃达克质岩的(87Sr/86Sr)i和εNd(t)值分别为0.70933～0.70950和-8.... 相似文献
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形成于弧前背景的岩浆岩可能记录了俯冲起始的重要证据。本文以北祁连走廊南山蛇绿混杂岩带新识别出的富铌辉长岩和斜长花岗岩为研究对象,在野外观察的基础上,结合岩石学、地球化学、同位素地球化学和年代学的综合研究,对原特提斯洋初始俯冲的时间进行约束,并探讨其形成过程及构造意义。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示富铌辉长岩样品锆石加权平均206Pb/238U年龄为512±4 Ma;两个斜长花岗岩样品的锆石加权平均206Pb/238U年龄分别为522±3 Ma和519±1 Ma。全岩地球化学结果显示富铌辉长岩的Nb含量为7.49×10-6～10.80×10-6,TiO2含量为1.50%～2.08%,Nb/U值为11.9～13.4,(Nb/La)N>0.5,明显高于岛弧玄武岩,其εNd(t)值介于+4.38～+5.78之间。斜长花岗岩样品K2O含量(0.31%～1.66%)和K2O/Na<... 相似文献
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铁马河玄武安山岩位于鄂尔多斯地块西南缘,沿六盘山东麓断裂带出露。岩石发育气孔和杏仁状构造,具有斑状结构—间隐结构,斑晶主要为长条状斜长石和少量蚀变暗色矿物。岩石地球化学呈现富Na2O、Fe OT、Al2O3,贫Mg O、TiO2、K2O的特点,稀土配分曲线为右倾轻稀土富集型,LREE/HREE=6.50～7.01,(La/Yb)N为5.620.69～0.91。样品[n(87Sr)/n(86Sr)]i为～7.14,富集Ba、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,Nb、Sr和Ti相对亏损,δEu=0.70587～0.70934,εNd(t)介于-6.9-4.8,TDM为2562～2730～Ma,Nb/Ta(6.60～8.25)低于大陆地壳的平均值,指示了受俯冲流体改造的古老富集地幔参与了岩浆形成。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果显示铁马河... 相似文献
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胶东地区大规模金成矿作用与中生代郭家岭期岩浆活动关系紧密,但针对胶东郭家岭期岩浆岩体的成因仍存在不同认识。笔者等选择焦家金矿带北段与金矿具有时空关系的郭家岭期丛家岩体作为研究对象,开展系统岩相学、地球化学、LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及Sr—Nd同位素研究。丛家岩体花岗岩的Na2O/K2O分别为0.69～1.23,Na2O+K2O值为7.29%～9.58%,A/CNK值为1.39～1.51,为高钾钙碱性系列过铝质花岗岩;丛家岩体具有轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损、负铕异常(0.41～0.68)、大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr等富集、 Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素亏损、以及高Sr/Y值(81.59～235.5)等岩石地球化学特征;丛家岩体锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS的U-Pb年龄为126.1±0.3 Ma,可以代表丛家岩体结晶年龄;岩体n(87Sr)/n(86Sr)值为0.711463,其低于地壳的平均值(0.7170),高于地幔的平均值(0.7090),表... 相似文献
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研究区位于西伯利亚板块与华北板块之间的关键部位,可能代表了古亚洲洋最终闭合的位置.在嘎顺地区首次识别出花岗闪长岩,通过对岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Lu-Hf同位素分析,获得LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为294.8±2.7 Ma,形成于早二叠世.SiO2含量介于64.69%~67.64%;Al2O3含量介于15.00%~15.52%;MgO含量介于1.14%~1.77%;Na2O含量介于1.41%~3.61%;K2O含量介于3.25%~3.98%.∑REE值介于157.89×10-6~174.43×10-6;LREE值介于147.86×10-6~149.55×10-6;HREE值介于9.34×10-6~11.8×10-6;右倾稀土配分曲线,呈轻度负Eu异常,轻重稀土元素分馏程度大,轻稀土相对于重稀土明显富集.明显富集Rb、K,亏损Ba、Sr大离子亲石元素（LILE）;富集Th,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素（HFSE）.锆石176Hf/177Hf值介于0.282 673~0.282 791;εHf（t）值介于2.7~7.0,其二阶段模式年龄TDM2介于861~1 129 Ma,176Lu/177Hf值介于0.000 486~0.000 734,结合岩石地球化学特征,认为该套岩石形成于岛弧岩浆作用,证实了早二叠世古亚洲洋仍未闭合. 相似文献
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华北板块北缘中段多伦地区记录了强烈的早白垩世早期岩浆作用,构造环境的确立有助于解决其是受控于蒙古—鄂霍次克构造体系还是古太平洋板块俯冲上的争议。本文对多伦地区南炮台花岗斑岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素和全岩元素组成研究。结果显示,花岗斑岩岩浆锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(136±1) Ma,代表南炮台花岗斑岩形成于早白垩世早期。锆石εHf(t)值变化于-8.1～+1.9之间,Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(TDMC)为1044～1680 Ma。南炮台花岗斑岩属弱过铝质钾玄岩系列,富SiO2(70.53%～72.72%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=9.09%～9.48%)、贫MgO(0.19%～0.39%)、CaO(0.55%～0.67%)和P2O5(0.19%～0.39%),富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(K、Cs和Rb)、亏损高场强元素(Nb... 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献