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在综合分析中生代早-中三叠世、晚三叠世-早白垩世、晚白垩世-白垩纪3个时段中国沉积盆地分布、充填序列、岩相古地理和构造古地理的基础上, 建立了中国中生代沉积盆地的时空演化, 并探讨了中国中生代沉积盆地的时空演化与中生代构造运动的响应关系, 认为: (1)随着亚洲洋俯冲消亡及天山-兴蒙造山系形成, 中国北方地区总体处于古亚洲洋消亡以后, 陆块汇聚碰撞背景, 西北地区盆山格局基本定型, 南部古特提斯洋的双向俯冲消减, 在北羌塘-三江多岛弧盆系中的一系列弧后洋盆相继俯冲消亡; (2)晚三叠世的"印支运动"使古亚洲陆最终固结并向外增生, 中国己经基本形成了南海北陆的分布格局, 绝大部分地区进入陆内演化阶段.印支期以后, 华南中部上隆, 隔开了西部的古地中海域和东部的古太平洋海域; (3)中侏罗世以来, 在古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲的影响下, 整个中国东部卷入滨太平洋构造域, 西太平洋型活动大陆边缘形成.中国东北大部分地区为弧内裂陷(火山沉积)盆地; 华北-阿拉善陆块东西分化, 中西部主要发育压陷盆地或断陷盆地或坳陷盆地, 东部则形成与古太平洋板块俯冲有关的陆缘岩浆弧弧内裂陷盆地; 华南则以雪峰山为界, 东部广泛发育与陆缘岩浆弧演化相关的弧内裂陷盆地, 西侧则发育陆内大型压陷盆地、断陷盆地或断坳盆地.中国西南则仍然为多岛洋弧盆系格局. 相似文献
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黑龙江省东部残留盆地群构造演化特征及其油气勘探意义 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
由牡丹江断裂、敦-密断裂、依-舒断裂和大和镇断裂所控制的中新生代盆地群是东北地区重要的合煤、含油气盆地。该盆地群的中新生代成盆过程以脆性伸展为主，发育断陷或裂陷层序，而坳陷层序(热沉降层序)不发育。古构造发育史、盆地沉降史和伸展史研究表明，研究区盆地群普遍经历了早期快速沉降(断陷期)-盆地衰减、抬升剥蚀-后期快速沉降-稳定衰减(或抬升剥蚀)。区内的成盆与构造演化过程分为涉及全区的中生代陆缘断陷期(J3-K1)、第一构造反转期(K2-E1)、新生代陆内裂陷期(E2-E3)和第二构造反转期(N)4个阶段，反映了两大盆地构造演化旋回。构造演化特征一方面为油气的多期成藏提供了盆地动力学条件，另一方面改造或破坏动、静态地质要素的时空分布及其匹配关系。 相似文献
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Mesozoic and Cenozoic Fault Superposition Basin in Jiuquan and Its Oil-Controlling Significance 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于盆地大地构造背景、盆地几何形态、沉积构造特征、古地温及火山岩等沉积盆地鉴别标志,认为酒泉盆地为中新生代断坳叠合盆地,中生代早白垩世属伸展断陷盆地,新生代为陆内挤压坳陷盆地和陆内前陆盆地.盆地叠合类型为陆内坳陷盆地和陆内前陆盆地与断陷盆地叠合,叠合方式总体为正交式叠合,其中陆内坳陷盆地与断陷盆地叠合方式可以划分为披盖叠合型、局部叠合型、未叠合型3类,按照断陷盆地与陆内前陆盆地构造单元叠合位置,将陆内前陆盆地与断陷盆地叠合方式划分为前陆冲断带与次级凹陷的叠合、前陆坳陷与次级凹陷的叠合、前陆斜坡与次级凹陷的叠合、隆后坳陷与次级凹陷的叠合4个亚类.中新生代盆地叠合控制了酒泉盆地油气成藏,早白垩世断陷盆地控制了烃源岩分布,决定了不同次级凹陷(含油气系统的)范围和优劣,中新生代盆地叠合不仅加速了烃源岩成熟,为油气运移提供了强大动力,而且对构造圈闭、油气运移通道的形成、储层物性的改善(裂缝的发育)起关键的作用.由于不同的次级凹陷叠合方式和叠合强度的差异,导致了油气运移、聚集成藏差异,油藏特征和油气富集程度不同. 相似文献
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酒泉中新生代断坳叠合盆地及控油作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于盆地大地构造背景、盆地几何形态、沉积构造特征、古地温及火山岩等沉积盆地鉴别标志,认为酒泉盆地为中新生代断坳叠合盆地,中生代早白垩世属伸展断陷盆地,新生代为陆内挤压坳陷盆地和陆内前陆盆地。盆地叠合类型为陆内坳陷盆地和陆内前陆盆地与断陷盆地叠合,叠合方式总体为正交式叠合,其中陆内坳陷盆地与断陷盆地叠合方式可以划分为披盖叠合型、局部叠合型、未叠合型3类,按照断陷盆地与陆内前陆盆地构造单元叠合位置,将陆内前陆盆地与断陷盆地叠合方式划分为前陆冲断带与次级凹陷的叠合、前陆坳陷与次级凹陷的叠合、前陆斜坡与次级凹陷的叠合、隆后坳陷与次级凹陷的叠合4个亚类。中新生代盆地叠合控制了酒泉盆地油气成藏,早白垩世断陷盆地控制了烃源岩分布,决定了不同次级凹陷(含油气系统的)范围和优劣,中新生代盆地叠合不仅加速了烃源岩成熟,为油气运移提供了强大动力,而且对构造圈闭、油气运移通道的形成、储层物性的改善(裂缝的发育)起关键的作用。由于不同的次级凹陷叠合方式和叠合强度的差异,导致了油气运移、聚集成藏差异,油藏特征和油气富集程度不同。 相似文献
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北黄海盆地构造演化特征分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
依据最新油气资源调查资料,在简述北黄海盆地区域构造特征的基础上,重点分析了盆地的沉降史与构造演化特征。研究表明:(1)北黄海盆地的基本沉降曲线型式为7段折线状,其中晚侏罗世、早白垩世、始新世、渐新世、新近纪为曲线下降段,代表盆地5幕较明显的沉降;晚白垩世—古新世以及中新世早期为曲线上升段,反映盆地的抬升剥蚀。(2)盆地沉降作用自中生代至新生代总体由东向西迁移,东部坳陷以中生代沉降作用最为显著,中部坳陷主沉降期为始新世,而西部坳陷的快速沉降主要发生在始新世,并一直持续到渐新世。(3)盆地构造演化大致可划分为中生代断陷盆地、古近纪叠加断陷盆地以及新近纪坳陷盆地等3大发展阶段,其中,中生代断陷盆地发育阶段是北黄海盆地油气勘探研究的重点。 相似文献
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松辽盆地东南缘断陷盆地及聚煤规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
松辽盆地东南缘南起四平,北至第二松花江、东界为盆地边缘,西与德惠、梨树断陷相邻。区内晚中生代(J—K)沿北东向分布一系列新陷型含煤盆地。 1.盆地基底和构造格架盆地基底为古生代和前古生代的变质岩及海西和燕山期花岗岩。晚中生代以来,伴随着区域裂陷作用,开始形成盆地。盆地的演化可划分为断陷和坳陷两 相似文献
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兰坪—思茅中生代盆地性质及构造演化 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
半坪－思茅盆地位于澜沧江缝合线为金沙江缝合线之间，它是在澜沧江和金沙江洋消亡后发展起来的一个中新生代陆内盆地。在中生代，该盆地的形成与演化受特提斯构造带的控制。对盆地地层格架和区内碎屑岩的骨架矿物成分、化学成分、微量元素以及火山岩化学万分的分析表明，兰坪－思茅中生代盆地是由两个没类型的盆地叠置而成的多旋回叠合盆地，其早期为一后造山裂谷盆地，晚期为坳陷盆地。兰坪－思茅中生代盆地的形成和演化可反馈滇西 相似文献
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根据最新调查资料并结合区域构造背景，通过盆地结构与控盆断裂、沉降曲线类型、沉积相特征、含油气系统、地壳结构类型、大地构造环境以及围区盆地类型等方面的综合分析，探讨了北黄海中、新生代盆地的原型性质。研究表明，北黄海盆地的原型在晚侏罗世一早白垩世以及古近纪均属于区域隆起背景之上发育的陆内断陷盆地，可分别称之为中生代陆内断陷盆地和古近纪陆内断陷盆地；新近纪则属于坳陷型盆地，可称之为新近纪坳陷型盆地。综合考虑控制中生代与古近纪沉积的断层的继承性和差异性、沉积相带和沉积中心的迁移性、沉积范围的比较接近特点、自成体系的含油气系统以及新近纪坳陷型沉积与前两者的垂向叠置关系等，将北黄海中、新生代盆地确定为叠合型盆地。 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地处于欧亚板块东南缘,其构造演化、动力学机制转换同太平洋板块与欧亚板块碰撞及印度-澳大利亚板块远程推挤效应有关。中生代以来,该盆地形成和演化过程受到古太平洋板块多期俯冲及多构造体系的叠加改造,地质构造和地球物理场复杂,盆地演化及动力学过程等一直是争论的焦点。本文利用最新调查资料,通过构造物理模拟实验、构造解析和平衡地质复原剖面等方法,结合区域构造背景,系统分析了东海陆架盆地中生代演化过程,探讨了其构造动力学转换过程。研究认为东海陆架盆地自中生代以来经历了晚三叠世前的被动大陆边缘和晚三叠世-中侏罗世活动大陆边缘挤压坳陷型盆地阶段,挤压应力来源于伊泽奈崎板块向欧亚大陆板块的低角度俯冲;早白垩世晚期-晚白垩世活动陆缘伸展断陷型盆地阶段,应力来源于太平洋板块向欧亚大陆板块俯冲后撤导致的岩石圈减薄作用;古近纪为弧后伸展断陷型盆地阶段。同时认为东海陆架盆地古特提斯构造域向古太平洋构造域转换的时间应该发生在中三叠世末期,古太平洋板块低角度俯冲和俯冲后撤代表华南中生代深部地质过程。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献