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1.
青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩地球化学特征及其大地构造意义 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
羌塘中部榴辉岩主要呈透镜状、块状产于石榴子石白云母片岩中,均为低温型榴辉岩。榴辉岩SiO2为45.83%～48.94%,Na2O+K2O为1.88%～3.91%,Al2O3为10.34%～15.02%,TiO2含量变化较大,大致可分为中Ti和高Ti两种类型,变化范围分别为1.62%～1.87%和3.96%～4.82%。榴辉岩的原岩主要为拉斑玄武岩,部分样品具有碱性玄武岩的特征。原岩为拉斑玄武岩的样品大多具有中等TiO2含量和不明显的Eu异常、较缓的右倾稀土元素配分模式特征,在大量判别图解上均投在MORB和E-MORB区域,稀土元素标准化配分模式和微量元素蛛网图特征与典型的E-MORB相似而与N-MORB差别很大,其原岩很可能形成于E-MORB环境;少量原岩为碱性玄武岩的样品TiO2含量高、具有相对其他样品更高的∑REE和∑LREE含量,在大量判别图解上均投在OIB区域,其原岩可能形成于OIB环境。羌塘中部榴辉岩和区域内二叠纪蛇绿岩具有相似的地球化学特征,可能是其俯冲消减的产物;样品同时具备E-MORB和OIB的特征,说明古特提斯洋在漫长的演化过程中可能存在地幔柱岩浆和正常洋中脊亏损地幔岩浆的相互作用。 相似文献
2.
滇西双江勐库地区新发现的退变质榴辉岩呈构造透镜体产于奥陶纪湾河蛇绿混杂岩的白云母构造片岩内,勐库地区是目前云南省境内唯一退变质榴辉岩产地。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,退变质榴辉岩的SiO2含量为4722%~5040%,全碱(Na2O+K2O)含量为228%~415%,Al2O3含量为1370%~1558%,TiO2含量为139%~395%,可分为中Ti(139%~183%)和高Ti(330%~395%)两种类型。退变质榴辉岩的主要原岩是拉班玄武岩,少部分具碱性玄武岩特征。多数原岩为拉斑玄武岩的样品具TiO2含量高、Eu异常不明显及缓右倾稀土元素配分模式特征,其稀土元素配分模式和微量元素蛛网图特征均与E MORB相似而与N MORB不同,投在MORB和E MORB范围,推测其原岩很可能形成于E MORB环境;少部分原岩为碱性玄武岩的样品,其TiO2含量中等,较原岩为拉斑玄武岩样品具更高的ΣREE和ΣLREE含量,投在OIB范围,推测其原岩可能形成于OIB环境。勐库地区退变质榴辉岩样品的岩石地球化学特征与其赋存的奥陶纪湾河蛇绿岩颇为相似,暗示可能是其俯冲消减作用的产物。此外,研究样品同时具有E MORB和OIB的特征,且与青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩相似,表明在特提斯洋演化过程中地幔柱岩浆和正常洋中脊亏损地幔岩浆的相互作用可能是广泛存在的。 相似文献
3.
分布于新疆西昆仑东段北缘(策勒—于田—民丰一线以南)的中新元古代火山岩主要为一套浅变质的(玄武)安山岩,夹有极少量的流纹岩。安山岩的SiO2在52.36%～58.30%之间,平均为54.55%,TiO2均低于0.3%,平均为0.22%。Na2O+K2O为1.70%～3.75%,Na2O均高于K2O,Na2O/K2O在2.44～4.61之间,M/F为0.62～0.78,MgO/(MgO+TFe)在0.36～0.45之间。岩石硅碱成分显示以钙碱性为主。稀土元素研究表明,安山岩的稀土总量低,在15.52×10-6～17.92×10-6之间,接近大洋拉斑玄武岩。安山岩的(La/Yb)N为0.69～1.33,(Ce/Yb)N为0.75～1.17,轻重稀土分异不明显。除1028-I3号样的δEu为0.6之外,其余样品的δEu在0.91～1.13之间,基本没有Eu异常。在稀土元素的球粒陨石配分曲线上,所有安山岩形成一个群体,稀土配分模式接近大洋拉斑玄武岩。岩石的微量元素安山岩的Th/Yb为0.04～0.10,Th/Ta=5.92～11.22,Zr/Hf=20.46～29.40,Th/Y之比为0.04～0.08。微量元素的N—MORB配分模式显示岩石富集Sr、Ba、Rb、K、Th等大离子亲石元素,Cr亏损,与拉斑质的火山弧玄武岩相似。综合分析火山岩的岩石学、岩石地球化学特征,结合区域构造背景,认为该套火山岩产于洋内弧环境。 相似文献
4.
《西北地质》2020,(1)
青海省都兰县艾日克汗森地区的榴辉岩位于都兰北榴辉岩带西北方向约12km,是最新发现的较大规模榴辉岩产地。此榴辉岩为柴北缘高压-超高压变质带的一部分,大部分退变质程度较高。锆石U-Pb年龄为(435±4)Ma,代表了此榴辉岩峰期变质年龄;该榴辉岩SiO_2含量为48.36%～49.22%,(Na_2O+K_2O)含量为3.28%～3.65%,Na_2O含量均大于K_2O;原岩为基性玄武岩,为亚碱性拉斑玄武岩系列,构造环境为大洋中脊玄武岩环境。榴辉岩稀土配分曲线表现为右倾型模式,弱富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,(La/Sm)_N=1.70～2.34,(La/Yb)N=1.18～2.54,属于幔源E-MORB型。微量元素表现为强烈亏损Th、P、Zr等高场强元素,富集Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素。指示了柴北缘晚奥陶世到早志留世时期柴达木陆块与欧龙布鲁克微陆块的深俯冲与碰撞造山背景。 相似文献
5.
青藏高原西北缘第四纪火山岩的年龄、地球化学特征及意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对青藏高原西北缘普鲁北钾质火山岩进行40Ar-39Ar定年得到的最新年龄为0.81Ma±0.21Ma.火山岩的SiO2含量为53.08%～55.12%,全碱含量为7.36～8.04%,K2O/Na2O比值为1.17～1.2,属橄榄安粗岩系列.岩石以高度富集LREE、LILE(K、Rb、Sr、Ba、Th等)和高度亏损HR... 相似文献
6.
云南思茅盆地江城上白垩统勐野井组稀土微量元素特征及地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
沉积盆地中碎屑岩的地球化学成分主要受物源区控制,因此,通过分析碎屑岩的化学成分可以揭示盆地沉积岩的源区构造背景和物源属性。思茅盆地上白垩统勐野井组（K2me）细碎屑岩的稀土元素组成分析结果表明,研究区沉积物具有轻稀土元素富集,较平坦的重稀土元素分布模式,以及中等程度 Eu 负异常的总体特征。根据样品的（Hf-La/Th、La/Sc-Co/Th和REE-La/Yb）图解,特征性微量元素比值（La/Sc、Sc/Th、Cr/Th 和 Co/Th）,并结合岩矿薄片分析,认为勐野井组细碎屑岩具有典型的上陆壳特征,源区母岩以长英质岩石为主。微量元素 Cr/Co 结合岩相古地理的分析显示勐野井组细碎屑沉积物应属于近源沉积。通过与不同构造背景下杂砂岩的稀土元素特征对比及主元素（K2O/Na2O-SiO2/Al2O3和SiO2-K2O/Na2O）判别图解,勐野井组细碎屑岩源区构造背景应属被动大陆边缘环境,这与思茅盆地所处的三江造山带构造背景相符。 相似文献
7.
中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔2000～3000米正、副片麻岩的地球化学性质及其成因机制 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：9
中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔(CCSD-MH)2000.0-3000.0米深度范围内出露的岩心以正、副片麻岩为主,夹有薄层榴辉岩和斜长角闪岩等。地球化学研究结果表明,主孔20000.0-3000.0米之间的正片麻岩SiO2含量普遍偏高,为73.26%～78.17%之间,平均值76.40%;Al2O3含量为11.30%-13.66%。TiO2、Fe2O3、FeO、MnO和MgO含量则明显偏低,其中Fe2O3总量为0.39%-1.71%,FeO=0.20%-1.49%,MgO=0.01%-0.06%。CaO含量为0.19-1.41%,Na2O和K2O含量分别为3.38%-5.35%和1.31%-4.87%。正片麻岩的稀土元素和微量元素配分模式可分为三种类型。第一类表现出较强的轻、重稀土元素分馏,具有中等的负Eu异常,Eu/Eu*=0.39-0.64;洋脊玄武岩(MORB)标准化蛛网图表现出强烈富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba、Th)的特点,显示明显的正Ba异常,Ba/Ba*=1.09-2.34,高场强元素Ti、Nb和Ta呈明显的负异常。第二类正片麻岩具有明显的负Eu异常,Eu/Eu*=0.39-0.41,稀土元素配分曲线具有明显右倾斜的特点,轻稀土元素明显富集,而重稀土元素明显亏损;洋脊玄武岩(MORB)标准化蛛网图与第一类正片麻岩比较相似,但却具有中等的负Ba异常,Ba/Ba*=0.57-0.67。第三类正片麻岩主要为含磁铁矿二长花岗质片麻岩,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线呈“V”字型特点,具有异常强烈的负Eu异常,Eu/Eu*普遍低于0.11;洋脊玄武岩(MORB)标准化蛛网图显示出强烈富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Th)的特点,具有异常强烈的负Ba异常,Ba/Ba*=0.03-0.21。2000.0-3000.O米深度范围内的正片麻岩具有多成因的特点,部分正片麻岩具有A型花岗岩的地球化学特征,反映它们有可能形成于板内的构造环境;而另一部分的原岩则可能形成于陆缘火山弧的构造环境。主孔2000.0-31000.0米深度范围内副片麻岩SiO2含量明显低于正片麻岩,Al2O3、Fe2O3 FeO、MgO和CaO含量则明显偏高,而Na2O和K2O含量则与正片麻岩大体相当。其中SiO2含量为64.21%-74.12%;Al2O3含量为13.06%-15.38%,Fe2O3 FeO含量为1.61%-4.92%;CaO含量为1.10%～3.27%,Na2O和K2O含量分别为3.68%-5.39%和2.46%-5.85%。副片麻岩稀土元素配分模式和洋脊玄武岩(MORB)标准化蛛网图与正片麻岩也存在明显差异。其中稀土元素配分模式表现出一定程度的轻、重稀土元素分馏,大多数样品具负Eu异常,Eu/Eu*=0.56-0.93之间,但远不及正片麻岩的明显;洋脊玄武岩(MORB)标准化蛛网图则显示出富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba、Th)的特点,具有异常明显的正Ba异常,且变化范围较大,Ba/Ba*=1.02-4.83之间,高场强元素如Ti、Nb和Ta呈现负异常的特点。副片麻岩的原岩可能是形成于被动大陆边缘的一套典型的沉积岩或变沉积岩。SHRIMPU-Pb定年结果表明,主孔副片麻岩锆石微区记录了十分复杂的年代学信息。继承性碎屑锆石核部的年龄(206Pb/238U的年龄)为313-659Ma,表明原岩继承性碎屑锆石来源的复杂性,以及部分碎屑锆石在超高压变质过程中发生不完全重结晶,导致年龄变新;在含柯石英锆石微区记录的超高压变质年龄(206Pb/238U的年龄)为220-236Ma,加权平均值为227±5Ma;而锆石晶体边部所记录的退变质年龄(206Pb/238U的年龄)为209-219Ma,加权平均值为214±6Ma,上述含柯石英锆石微区和锆石边部的SHRIMPU-Pb定年结果分别与主孔CCSD-MH中的正片麻岩锆石微区获得的超高压变质年龄(227±2Ma)和角闪岩相退变质年龄(209±3Ma)十分接近,这进一步证明了中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔中的正、副片麻岩的原岩曾一起发生深俯冲,并经历了新三叠纪的超高压变质作用。 相似文献
8.
蕲春花岗质杂岩体包括斑状二长花岗岩和花岗岩两部分,它们之间在化学性质上存在着很大的差异,前者表现为高Al 2O3(15.73%)、相对高CaO(2.46%)、Na2O含量明显高于K2O(Na2O/K2O=1.27),尤以强烈亏损重稀土元素和极强的轻、重稀土元素分馏程度[(La/Yb)N=46.8]为特征而类似于太古宙高Al2O3的TTG岩石.而后者则以较低的Al2O3含量(14.05%)、贫CaO(0.82%)、K2O含量明显高于Na2O(Na2O/K2O=0.81)为特征,轻、重稀土元素的分馏程度[(La/Yb)N=10.89]也较片麻状二长花岗岩中弱得多.两类岩石中锆石的U-PbSHRIMP年龄分别为824.6±17.6 Ma和784±20 Ma,该时代与大别山造山带内花岗片麻岩的原岩形成年龄类似.大别山造山带内弱变质-未变质晋宁期花岗岩的出现表明扬子板块印支期向北俯冲时,该花岗质杂岩处于俯冲板片的后缘,可代表造山带内扬子基底的原地露头.而岩体周围的高压变质杂岩应是折返上来的无根构造岩片,大别山造山带内高压超高压变质杂岩的出露不是整体性抬升剥蚀的结果. 相似文献
9.
中国东北地区西部~500Ma泛非期孔兹岩系地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
最近在兴安、额尔古纳地块均发现原岩为中基性-中酸性火山岩、陆源碎屑沉积岩及碳酸盐岩组合组成的孔兹岩系,岩石组合主要分为富铝片岩-片麻岩类和斜长角闪岩两类。岩石地球化学特征表明,富铝片岩-片麻岩类的原岩为泥岩和砂岩,主量和微量元素的分配形式接近澳大利亚后太古宙页岩(PAAS)和北美页岩(NASC),稀土元素的分布特征与NASC相似,显示轻稀土元素富集及Eu负异常,(La/Yb)N=4～17,δEu=0.32～0.79。其Cr/Ti(0.01～0.03)、Zr/Y(1.2～13.3)、Cr/Th(0.1～8.63)、Cr/Zr(0.02～0.47)、Th/U(1.5～7.7)、CIW(68～99)表明物源区以花岗岩类为主,并可能含有碎屑沉积岩。其Ceanom(-0.04～-0.01)、Ce/Ce#(0.90～1.30)表明富铝片岩-片麻岩类原岩沉积环境为亚稳定的大陆边缘沉积。斜长角闪岩原岩为玄武岩或安山质玄武岩,其富Fe2O3(1.83%～12.37%)、MgO(4.28%～7.29%)、贫SiO2(47.06%～56.13%),呈低碱性。轻稀土元素相对富集,MORB标准化的微量元素配分型式为大隆起型,Zr/Nb、Hf/Th值均类似于板内拉斑玄武岩的特征。因此,研究区孔兹岩系应形成于裂谷沉积背景。这与佳木斯地块麻山群孔兹岩系形成环境一致,表明东北地区各地块的变质基底均为孔兹岩系,其原岩均形成于裂谷沉积环境,并统一经历～500Ma泛非期变质事件,这为研究我国前寒武纪的大陆演化、再造我国东北地区的构造格局及其在Gondwana大陆重建中的位置都将具有重大的理论意义。 相似文献
10.
主、微量元素分析结果表明,w(SiO2)介于66.62%~72.36%之间,全碱w(Na2O+K2O)在7.82%~8.83%之间;里特曼组合指数(σ)在2.13~3.26之间,K2O/Na2O比值为1.63~1.84,属高钾钙碱性或钾玄岩系列岩浆。铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为1.0~1.2,结合岩石类型判别图解(ACF),岩石属过铝质S型花岗岩。稀土元素总量较高,轻重稀土元素比值为9.46~15.6,(Ce/Yb)N=7.62~15.20,曲线为右倾,属轻稀土元素富集型。δEu集中在0.33~0.49之间,铕具明显负异常。微量元素表现为Rb、Th的强烈富集,Zr、Hf、Yb亏损,结合构造环境判别认为其形成环境为后碰撞。据其主、微量元素特征,CaO/Na2O比值为0.42~0.76,均大于0.3,认为源区物质成分主要为杂砂岩;Rb/Sr比值介于0.79~1.82之间,结合构造环境综合分析,认为岩浆主要来源于未完全成熟陆壳的部分熔融。利用锆石U-Pb测年,206Pb/238 U表面年龄加权平均值为(423.99±0.91)Ma,代表原岩结晶年龄。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献