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1.
江南造山带东部旌德高Sr/Y花岗闪长岩的形成机制及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旌德岩体是江南造山带东部一个典型的高Sr/Y岩体。锆石的原位U-Pb定年表明,该岩体侵位于141±1Ma。岩体由花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。全岩地球化学表明,高的碱(K2O+Na2O=6.64%~8.01%),K2O/Na2O值(变化范围在0.78~1.04),Sr(189×10-6~452×10-6)和LREE;低的HREE和HFSE含量,Eu有轻微的负异常到弱的正异常(δEu=0.81~1.18)。岩体具有高的Sr/Y值(23~66)和(La/Yb)N值(13~58),低Y(6.03×10-6~14.5×10-6)、Yb(0.36×10-6~1.17×10-6),且MgO、Cr、Ni含量较低,与中国东部中生代埃达克质岩的地球化学特征相似。岩体中黑云母为镁质黑云母,显示寄主岩为壳幔混合来源。斜长石主要为奥长石、中长石。初始87Sr/86Sr为0.7096~0.7101,εNd(t)值为-12.92~-6.28,二阶段Nd模式年龄tDM2=1.4~1.9Ga。岩体中发育有岩浆混合成因的暗色包体,指示有幔源岩浆参与。结合前人研究成果,早白垩世,先前(新元古代)发生交代的岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,岩浆底侵到壳幔过渡带附近,导致下地壳发生部分熔融形成了旌德岩体,且发生了岩浆混合作用。江南造山带东段上发育独特的150~135 Ma的岩浆活动和成矿作用,可能与江南造山带新元古代华夏陆块与扬子陆块发生拼合形成初生地壳物质的中生代再造有关。高Sr/Y比值的旌德岩体可能代表晚侏罗世—早白垩世挤压增厚事件的结束,指示了江南造山带东部从造山增厚向伸展垮塌的转折时期的岩浆活动。 相似文献
2.
王安镇杂岩体主要由花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、花岗岩、石英闪长岩、二长闪长岩组成,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩分别形成于129±2.7Ma和128.3±1.9Ma,说明该杂岩体形成于早白垩世。王安镇杂岩体具有高Sr/Y比值(3.63~83.5),和高Sr(373×10-6~821×10-6),及低Y(7.36×10-6~22.21×10-6)、Yb(0.95×10-6~1.27×10-6)含量的地球化学特征,这与埃达克岩相似。该杂岩体具有相对低的87Sr/86Sr初始比值(0.706538~0.709484)和明显偏低的εNd(128Ma)值(-18.4~-12.8)。结合太行山中生代中-基性侵入岩中地幔包体已有的研究成果,认为具有高Sr/Y特征的王安镇杂岩体是在下地壳发生大规模拆沉的基础上,随着软流圈上涌其所携带的热促使加厚基性下地壳发生部分熔融,之后熔融岩浆在上升的过程中发生了角闪石的结晶分异和岩浆混合作用形成。 相似文献
3.
皖东滁州、上腰铺埃达克质侵入岩年代学及地球化学特征：岩石成因与成矿意义 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
皖东的滁州、上腰铺岩体位于扬子地块东缘、毗邻郯庐断裂带东侧,与之伴生有一些铜(金或铁)矿化。它们的黑云母的~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar 定年结果分别为127.17±0.40Ma,129.90±0.23 Ma。滁州、上腰铺侵入岩在地球化学特征上与埃达克岩基本一致:如 SiO_2>56%,高 Al_2O_3(14.84%～16.38%)、Sr(369×10~(-6)～1335×10~(-6))、Sr/Y(43～185)与 La/Yb(22～44),但低 Y(5.51×10~(-6)～11.0×10~(-6)),Yb(0.51×10~(-6)～1.09×10~(-6)),无明显 Eu 异常-正的 Eu 异常(δEu=0.75～1.28)。另外,岩体中部分样品具有较高的 MgO(2.23%～5.25%)、Mg~#(53～68)和 Cr(89.6×10~(-6)～206×10~(-6))、Ni(43.0×10~(-6)～72.0×10~(-6)),类似于高镁安山岩。这两个岩体的 Nd-Sr 同位素特征为:(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.7060～0.7067,ε_(Nd)(t)=-11.53～-14.07,说明其由俯冲洋壳熔融形成的可能性较小。我们认为,滁州、上腰铺埃达克质侵入岩可能由拆沉下地壳熔融形成,熔融产生的岩浆在穿过上覆地幔的过程中,与地幔橄榄岩发生强烈相互作用,一方面,由于地幔橄榄岩的混染而使得埃达克质岩浆的MgO、Cr 和 Ni 含量显著增高;另一方面,岩浆中的 Fe_2O_3可能加入到地幔中,导致地幔的氧逸度(f_(o_2))增高,地幔中金属硫化物被氧化,地幔中亲铜元素则以硫酸盐的形式进入熔体中。富含 Cu、Au 等成矿物质的熔体在快速上升到地壳浅处时,可能由于温度、压力或氧逸度(f(o_2))的降低,释放出 Cu、Au 等成矿物质,导致矿化。 相似文献
4.
浙江东南印支晚期的构造伸展事件：来自诸暨大爽岩体的证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
出露于浙江省东南部的大爽岩体为黑云母二长花岗岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明该岩体形成于227±2Ma,属印支晚期岩浆作用的产物。地球化学分析显示该岩石低Na2O、富K2O,A/CNK=1.26~1.49(大于1.1),为强过铝质、钾玄质系列花岗岩;岩石稀土总量较高,富Sr(Sr=874.6×10-6~1158×10-6),贫Yb(Yb=3.00×10-6~3.92×10-6),富轻稀土而亏损重稀土,具轻微的负铕异常(δEu=0.68~0.70);相对富集Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素,而亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素;Sr-Nd同位素分析表明岩石具有较高的初始锶比值(I Sr=0.710718~0.711008)和较低εNd(t)值(εNd(t)=-10.9~-11.1),上述地球化学特征指示该岩体岩浆源区为古老的地壳物质。综合分析认为大爽岩体是古老地壳部分减压熔融的产物,受控于印支造山后的伸展应力作用。 相似文献
5.
西准达尔布特—包古图地区出露两类中酸性侵入岩,一类为海西晚期(<270Ma)花岗岩基,另一类为海西中晚期(330～320Ma)中酸性小斑岩体,包古图斑岩铜矿赋存于后者。岩石主量和微量元素分析表明,包古图含矿小斑岩基本满足埃达克岩的条件,即SiO2>56%,Al2O3>15%,MgO<3%,贫Y和Yb(Y<18×10-6,Yb<1.9×10-6),高Sr(>400×10-6),HREE明显亏损,其Nd和Sr同位素组成与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)组成接近。但部分样品MgO含量较高(>3%),轻稀土元素丰度较低,偏离埃达克岩的组成范围。根据斑岩的地球化学组成并结合区域地质特征,笔者认为包古图含矿斑岩形成于与洋内俯冲有关的岛弧环境,但洋壳板片的初始熔体在上升过程中受到了地幔橄榄岩的不均匀混染。 相似文献
6.
秦岭造山带是一条复合型大陆碰撞造山带,存在若干新元古代构造岩浆事件的遗迹,它们对深化认识南北秦岭汇聚-碰撞过程和Rodinia超大陆聚合具有重要意义。本文对南秦岭东部豆腐尖岩体英云闪长岩开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和全岩主微量元素地球化学研究。代表性样品的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为860.7±6.0Ma,表明其形成时代为新元古代。岩石地球化学特征表现为高SiO2(62.41%-68.89%)、高Al2O3(15.33%-17.33%),富Na2O(4.23%-5.80%)和高Na2O/K2O比值(1.11-2.41),富Sr(>400×10-6),低MgO(0.55%-2.08%),低Y(7.40×10-6-18.20×10-6)、Yb(0.63×10-6-1.62×10-6),高Sr/Y比值(31.49-78.22),轻稀土元素显著富集[(La/Yb)N>20],弱Eu正异常,具埃达克质岩特征。较高的K2O含量(2.00%-4.31%)和低MgO以及显著的高La/Yb比值等特征指示,其具有典型高钾钙碱性埃达克质岩特征,很可能源于加厚下地壳的部分熔融,推测该岩体形成时南秦岭地壳厚度可能达到65 km。结合区域地质资料,认为豆腐尖岩体形成于陆-陆碰撞环境,是新元古代松树沟洋盆闭合后北秦岭和南秦岭碰撞造山的产物,是Rodinia超大陆聚合事件在该地区的岩浆响应。新元古代早期商南豆腐尖高钾钙碱性埃达克质岩的首次识别为限定南-北秦岭碰撞事件提供了有力约束。 相似文献
7.
六合地区新元古代-新生代下地壳的成分与形成机制:来自麻粒岩包体的证据 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
六合地区地处扬子克拉通的西缘,前人对该地区下地壳的成分与形成机制尚无系统认识。本文通过研究新生代幔源侵入岩中所携带的深源捕虏体为认识该地区下地壳的成分和形成机制提供了直接证据。该捕虏体为高级正变质岩(麻粒岩相),岩性分别为石榴石透辉岩、石榴石角闪透辉岩、石榴石角闪岩。三者全岩Si O2=43.85%~50.82%,MgO=6.83%~14.77%,Mg#=0.50~0.64,Cr=87.1×10~(-6)~616×10~(-6),Ni=19.7×10~(-6)~143×10~(-6),皆属于低镁石榴石堆晶岩。通过石榴石-单斜辉石Mg-Fe交换地质温度计计算得知石榴石角闪岩的形成温度721~774℃,形成深度为45~47km,石榴石角闪透辉岩和石榴石透辉岩的形成温度803~829℃,形成深度为48~51km,说明三者皆形成于下地壳。捕虏体锆石多为变质锆石,锆石U-Pb年龄分别为259±9Ma和773±23Ma。捕虏体的全岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄分别为251±4Ma和809±64Ma。259Ma的锆石εHf(t)=-5.69~10.3,773Ma的锆石εHf(t)=5.87~17.7。年代学数据和锆石Hf同位素数据表明六合地区下地壳受到新元古代和晚二叠世岩浆底侵作用,同时发生变质作用。新元古代捕虏体富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),如Rb、Ba、Sr。高度亏损高场强元素(HFSE),如Nb、Ta、Ti。εNd(t)=4.36~5.28。表明在新元古代时期,六合地区的地壳受到俯冲弧岩浆底侵,经过批式熔融计算得知底侵岩浆源自地幔石榴石-尖晶石橄榄岩10%~30%部分熔融。晚二叠世捕虏体富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),如Rb、Ba、Sr。轻度亏损高场强元素(HFSE),如Nb、Ta、Ti。εNd(t)=-5.68~2.33。表明在晚二叠世时期,六合地区的地壳受到地幔柱-岩石圈地幔相互作用产生的岩浆底侵,经过批式熔融计算得知底侵岩浆由地幔石榴石-尖晶石橄榄岩10%~20%部分熔融而成。综上所述,在新元古代板块俯冲和晚二叠世地幔柱的分别作用下,六合地区的地壳受到地幔物质的加入形成镁铁质的新生下地壳。 相似文献
8.
大兴安岭南段红岭铅锌矿床岩浆演化序列与成矿动力学背景探讨 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
红岭是内蒙古东部地区的一处大型铅锌多金属矿床。矿体产于燕山晚期花岗岩与二叠系大石寨组的外接触带上,受NE向断裂控制。本文对红岭矿区及其外围主要岩浆岩开展了年代学研究,系统的LA-ICP-MS锆石定年结果表明:红岭矿区与矿化关系密切的乌兰坝岩体中浅褐黄色花岗斑岩、中粗粒花岗岩、灰褐色斑状花岗岩及深部钻孔揭露的细粒花岗岩测试结果分别为136.70±0.85Ma、144.1±1.5Ma、139.7±1.1Ma和144.82±0.81Ma,显示出由多阶段岩浆侵入形成的复式岩体的特征;乌兰楚鲁特岩体中浅褐灰色斑状花岗岩、含斑细粒花岗岩测年结果为141.9±1.2Ma、139.83±0.82Ma。根据锆石UPb测年的结果,得出两个岩体为同一次构造岩浆事件的产物的结论。岩石地球化学分析表明区内花岗岩类富SiO_2(75.50%~76.14%)、K_2O(4.38%~5.19%),贫Al_2O_3(12.25%~13.08%)、Ba(26.6×10~(-6)~164×10~(-6))、Sr(4.74×10~(-6)~46.0×10~(-6)),稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾轻稀土富集型,具明显铕负异常,δEu值为0.44~0.80,富集高场强元素Zr、Hf和大离子亲石元素Rb、U、Th,显示A型花岗岩地球化学属性,表明其形成于伸展构造体系的造山后环境。本文根据对矿区及外围侵入岩年代学研究,结合矿区地质和前人研究成果,将大兴安岭南段多金属成矿带构造演化史概括为:古亚洲洋双向俯冲可能延续到晚石炭世;约从二叠纪开始,该区进入了碰撞造山阶段;中三叠世-二叠纪的构造岩浆事件与碰撞造山后陆壳加厚和拆沉作用有关,同时标志着中亚造山带演化的终止;170~230Ma为该区构造活动的平静期;进入侏罗纪-早白垩世(120~170Ma),该区受到蒙古-鄂霍次克构造体系活动的远程影响;120Ma~今,鲜有关于岩体年龄的报道,据此我们认为该区域并未受到太平洋构造体系的强烈影响;并得出红岭铅锌矿的成矿动力学背景为蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山带碰撞造山后陆壳伸展环境的认识。 相似文献
9.
北秦岭灰池子花岗质复式岩体的源岩讨论——元素-同位素地球化学制约 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
灰池子复式岩体是北秦岭造山带核部规模最大的花岗岩体, 它由3个深成岩体组成.花岗岩具有高SiO2 (6 6.86 %~ 73.48%), Al2O3 (14.44 %~ 16.32 %) 和Na2O (4.17%~4.78%), 低TiO2 (< 0.74%), MgO (< 1.18%) 和K2O (< 3.33 %) 的特征.花岗岩轻稀土元素富集(27.45 < w (La)N/w (Yb)N < 72.99), Eu为负—弱正异常, 微量元素Y的质量分数为(3.70~9.77)×10-6, Yb为(0.30~ 1.14)×10-6, Sr为(310~ 775)×10-6, w (Sr) /w (Y) 为47.87~ 114.36, 大离子亲石元素(Rb, Ba, Th, Sr等) 相对富集, 高场强元素(Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr) 相对亏损.同位素组成比较均匀, 0.5 12 31 < w (143Nd) /w (144Nd) < 0.5 12 38, 0.70 783 < w (87Sr) /w (86Sr) < 0.70 880, 0.95Ga < tDM < 1.0 9Ga, - 0.81 < ε (Nd, 437Ma) < 0.93, 且18 < ε (Sr, 437Ma) < 32, 这些特征与Adakitic质岩相似.笔者认为灰池子花岗岩是由深部下地壳新元古代玄武质岩石部分熔融形成的Adakitic质岩, 其形成与晚加里东—早海西期北秦岭杂岩地体南北裂陷海盆发生陆内双向俯冲有关. 相似文献
10.
大兴安岭南段黄岗梁地区早白垩世碎斑熔岩和钾长花岗岩代表大兴安岭南段最广泛的一次岩浆活动产物,二者LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄都为137.7±1.2Ma。该地区岩石大都具有高硅、钾,贫钙、镁,低铝的特点,体现了高度演化的高钾钙碱性-碱性系列特点;铝饱和指数显示其为准铝质-弱过铝质花岗岩。岩石稀土元素总量为116.98×10-6~350.51×10-6,具有强烈的负Eu异常,富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、Th、U等)及高场强元素(如Nd、Zr、Hf等),亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Nb等强不相容元素,显示出高分异I型花岗岩的特征。研究区早白垩世岩浆岩具有较高的全岩εNd(t)值(-0.8~+0.9)和正的锆石εHf(t)值(+1.9~+18.3),以及年轻的Nd模式年龄(993~855Ma)和Hf模式年龄(888~561Ma),表明其来源于新生的陆壳,可能有少量古老陆壳物质的参与。综合区域地质资料及大兴安岭南段的岩浆演化特征,这些早白垩世岩浆作用应形成于区域性伸展的构造背景,主体可能与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋构造体系下的后造山伸展垮塌有关。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
16.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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19.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
20.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献